scholarly journals Imaging Angiogenesis in Atherosclerosis in Large Arteries with 68Ga-NODAGA-RGD PET/CT: Relationship with Clinical Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu DIETZ ◽  
Christel H. Kamani ◽  
Emmanuel Deshayes ◽  
Vincent Dunet ◽  
Periklis Mitsakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Blood Pool ◽  
Tracer Uptake ◽  
Plaque Burden ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cerebrovascular Event ◽  
Promising Target ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Tracer Accumulation ◽  
Alpha V Beta 3

Abstract BackgroundIntegrin alpha-V-beta-3 (αvβ3) pathway is involved in intraplaque angiogenesis and inflammation and represents a promising target for molecular imaging in cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical correlates of arterial wall accumulation of 68Ga-NODAGA-RGD, a specific αvβ3 integrin ligand for PET. Materials and methodsThe data of 44 patients who underwent 68Ga-NODAGA-RGD PET/CT scans were retrospectively analyzed. Tracer accumulation in the vessel wall of major arteries was analyzed semi-quantitatively by blood-pool-corrected target-to-background ratios. Tracer uptake was compared with clinically documented atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular risk factors and calcified plaque burden. Data were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman correlation. Results68Ga-NODAGA-RGD arterial uptake was significantly higher in patients with previous clinically documented atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (mean TBR 2.44 [2.03-2.55] vs. 1.81 [1.56-1.96], p = 0.001) and showed a significant correlation with prior cardiovascular or cerebrovascular event (r = 0.34, p = 0.024), BMI (r = 0.38, p = 0.01), plaque burden (r = 0.31, p = 0.04), and hypercholesterolemia (r= 0.31, p = 0.04).Conclusions68Ga-NODAGA-RGD holds promise as a non-invasive marker of disease activity in atherosclerosis, providing information about intraplaque angiogenesis.

scholarly journals Imaging angiogenesis in atherosclerosis in large arteries with 68Ga-NODAGA-RGD PET/CT: relationship with clinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu Dietz ◽  
Christel H. Kamani ◽  
Emmanuel Deshayes ◽  
Vincent Dunet ◽  
Periklis Mitsakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Blood Pool ◽  
Tracer Uptake ◽  
Plaque Burden ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cerebrovascular Event ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Tracer Accumulation ◽  
Alpha V Beta 3

Abstract Background Integrin alpha-V-beta-3 (αvβ3) pathway is involved in intraplaque angiogenesis and inflammation and represents a promising target for molecular imaging in cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical correlates of arterial wall accumulation of 68Ga-NODAGA-RGD, a specific αvβ3 integrin ligand for PET. Materials and methods The data of 44 patients who underwent 68Ga-NODAGA-RGD PET/CT scans were retrospectively analyzed. Tracer accumulation in the vessel wall of major arteries was analyzed semi-quantitatively by blood-pool-corrected target-to-background ratios. Tracer uptake was compared with clinically documented atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular risk factors and calcified plaque burden. Data were compared using the Mann–Whitney U test, Pearson correlation and Spearman correlation. Results 68Ga-NODAGA-RGD arterial uptake was significantly higher in patients with previous clinically documented atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (mean TBR 2.44 [2.03–2.55] vs. 1.81 [1.56–1.96], p = 0.001) and showed a significant correlation with prior cardiovascular or cerebrovascular event (r = 0.33, p = 0.027), BMI (ρ = 0.38, p = 0.01), plaque burden (ρ = 0.31, p = 0.04) and hypercholesterolemia (r = 0.31, p = 0.04). Conclusions 68Ga-NODAGA-RGD holds promise as a non-invasive marker of disease activity in atherosclerosis, providing information about intraplaque angiogenesis.

scholarly journals Head-to-head intra-individual comparison of biodistribution and tumor uptake of 68Ga-FAPI and 18F-FDG PET/CT in cancer patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederik L. Giesel ◽  
Clemens Kratochwil ◽  
Joel Schlittenhardt ◽  
Katharina Dendl ◽  
Matthias Eiber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Blood Pool ◽  
Tracer Uptake ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Tumor Uptake ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Individual Comparison ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

Abstract Purpose FAPI ligands (fibroblast activation protein inhibitor), a novel class of radiotracers for PET/CT imaging, demonstrated in previous studies rapid and high tumor uptake. The purpose of this study is the head-to-head intra-individual comparison of 68Ga-FAPI versus standard-of-care 18F-FDG in PET/CT in organ biodistribution and tumor uptake in patients with various cancers. Material and Methods This international retrospective multicenter analysis included PET/CT data from 71 patients from 6 centers who underwent both 68Ga-FAPI and 18F-FDG PET/CT within a median time interval of 10 days (range 1–89 days). Volumes of interest (VOIs) were manually drawn in normal organs and tumor lesions to quantify tracer uptake by SUVmax and SUVmean. Furthermore, tumor-to-background ratios (TBR) were generated (SUVmax tumor/ SUVmax organ). Results A total of 71 patients were studied of, which 28 were female and 43 male (median age 60). In 41 of 71 patients, the primary tumor was present. Forty-three of 71 patients exhibited 162 metastatic lesions. 68Ga-FAPI uptake in primary tumors and metastases was comparable to 18F-FDG in most cases. The SUVmax was significantly lower for 68Ga-FAPI than 18F-FDG in background tissues such as the brain, oral mucosa, myocardium, blood pool, liver, pancreas, and colon. Thus, 68Ga-FAPI TBRs were significantly higher than 18F-FDG TBRs in some sites, including liver and bone metastases. Conclusion Quantitative tumor uptake is comparable between 68Ga-FAPI and 18F-FDG, but lower background uptake in most normal organs results in equal or higher TBRs for 68Ga-FAPI. Thus, 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT may yield improved diagnostic information in various cancers and especially in tumor locations with high physiological 18F-FDG uptake.

Prevalence and burden of carotid and femoral atherosclerosis in subjects older than 30 years-old without known cardiovascular disease determined by bidimensional vascular ultrasound

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Botto ◽  
S Obregon ◽  
A Di Leva ◽  
G Fischer Sohn ◽  
J.H Bang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Plaque Burden ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Consensus Definition ◽  
Femoral Arteries ◽  
Vascular Ultrasound ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Bilateral Carotid

Abstract Introduction 2019 ESC guidelines on dyslipidemia (DLP) and diabetes (DM) recommend (class IIa) measurement of arterial (carotid and/or femoral) plaque burden with vascular ultrasound (VUS) as a risk modifier in individuals at low or moderate risk with DLP and in asymptomatic patients with DM. However, there are no standard thresholds to categorize atherosclerosis burden (AB) measured by 2D-VUS, a simple, safe and spread technology. Purpose To explore carotid (c) and femoral (f) plaques prevalence and AB according to age, sex and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) in subjects older than 30 years-old without known atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) Methods Among 9,987 consecutive individuals self-referred or referred by physicians for a cardiovascular workup, we present a cross-sectional analysis of 5,775 first visits of those between 30 and 80 years-old without known ASCVD. We registered prospectively information about CVRF, lifestyle and anthropometrics and determined the prevalence of atherosclerotic plaques evaluating bilateral carotid and femoral arteries with 2D-VUS, applying the Mannheim Consensus definition. Further, we estimated c-AB as the sum of all carotid plaque areas (in mm2), and f-AB according to the presence of unilateral, bilateral or no femoral plaques. Median c-AB and 25–75th percentiles by age and sex were determined. We finally examined the association of AB with number of CVRF adjusted by age. Results 61% were men, mean age was 51.3 (SD 10.6) years. CVRF were hypertension 53.3%, dyslipidemia 50.3%, sedentarism 56.9%, obesity 28.2%, smoking 16.6% and diabetes 7.3%. Near 10% had no CVRF, 23.1% had 1, 29.8% had 2 and 37.4% had ≥3 CVRF. 42% were medicated on antihypertensives and 17.8% on lipid-lowering drugs. Globally, plaque prevalence was 51% in carotid arteries, 39.3% in femoral arteries, 62.4% in carotid or femoral arteries, and 37.6% in neither. There was an age-related increasing pattern in both sex, stepper in men compared to women before 50 years-old (see graph). Median cAB showed also increasing values with aging, starting at 40 years-old and being higher in men than women with nearly 8 to 10 years ahead of time. Likewise it was observed regarding the presence of uni and bilateral femoral plaques. Finally, there was an increasing prevalence of plaques by number of CVRF, higher in men than women, either in the whole population and in those younger than 50 years-old. However, plaques prevalence was elevated in subjects with 0 (44.9% in men and 35.2% in women) or 1 CVRF (59.2% in men and 44.4% in women), leveraged by age. Conclusions We observed a high prevalence of carotid or femoral atherosclerosis, higher in men than women, and a high AB in both sex, starting before the fourth decade of life and increasing with age. In spite of a significant association to classic CVRF, a significant number of subjects with paucity of CVRF were diagnosed with atherosclerosis Prevalence of carotid or femoral plaques Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

P1535Clinical impact of carotid plaque score rather than carotid intima-media thickness on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Tada ◽  
T Nakagawa ◽  
H Okada ◽  
T Nakahashi ◽  
M Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Carotid Plaque ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Plaque Burden ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Plaque Score ◽  
Media Thickness

Abstract Background Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) assessed by ultrasound has been widely accepted as a surrogate marker of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. On the other hand, carotid plaque score (cPS) reflecting throughout the carotid artery plaque burden may be better marker. Methods We retrospectively examined 2,035 patients who underwent carotid ultrasonography between January 2006 and December 2015 at our University Hospital. Median follow-up period was 4 years. We used Cox models that adjusted for established risk factors of ASCVD, including age, gender, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and serum lipids to assess the association of cIMT as well as cPS with major adverse cardiac events (MACE). MACE was defined as all-cause mortality or rehospitalization for a cardiovascular-related illness Results During follow-up, 243 participants experienced MACE. After adjustment for established risk factors, cPS was associated with MACE (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.38 for top quintile vs. bottom quintile of cPS; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.82 to 6.27; P-trend = 1.4×10–8), while cIMT was not (HR = 0.88, P=0.57). Addition of the cPS to established risk factors significantly improved risk discrimination (C-index 0.726 vs. 0.746; P=0.017) Conclusion As a marker, cPS, rather than cIMT can identify 20% of individuals who are at more than three-fold increased risk for MACE. Targeting diagnostic or therapeutic interventions to this subset may prove clinically useful.

scholarly journals Personalized Statin Therapy and Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Burden in Asymptomatic Low/Intermediate-Risk Individuals

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranganath Muniyappa ◽  
Radwa A. Noureldin ◽  
Khaled Z. Abd-Elmoniem ◽  
Riham H. El Khouli ◽  
Jatin Raj Matta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Statin Therapy ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Coronary Plaque ◽  
Plaque Burden ◽  
Number Needed To Treat ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals

Background: Current guidelines for the primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease are based on the estimation of a predicted 10-year cardiovascular disease risk and the average relative risk reduction estimates from statin trials. In the clinical setting, however, decision-making is better informed by the expected benefit for the individual patient, which is typically lacking. Consequently, a personalized statin benefit approach based on absolute risk reduction over 10 years (ARR10 benefit threshold ≥2.3%) has been proposed as a novel approach. However, how this benefit threshold relates with coronary plaque burden in asymptomatic individuals with low/intermediate cardiovascular disease risk is unknown. Aims: In this study, we compared the predicted ARR10 obtained in each individual with plaque burden detected by coronary computed tomography angiography. Methods and Results: Plaque burden (segment volume score, segment stenosis score, and segment involvement score) was assessed in prospectively recruited asymptomatic subjects (n = 70; 52% male; median age 56 years [interquartile range 51–64 years]) with low/intermediate Framingham risk score (< 20%). The expected ARR10 with statin in the entire cohort was 2.7% (1.5–4.6%) with a corresponding number needed to treat over 10 years of 36 (22–63). In subjects with an ARR10 benefit threshold ≥2.3% (vs. < 2.3%), plaque burden was significantly higher (p = 0.02). Conclusion: These findings suggest that individuals with higher coronary plaque burden are more likely to get greater benefit from statin therapy even among asymptomatic individuals with low cardiovascular risk.

Comparison of Fluorine(18)-fluorodeoxyglucose and Gallium(68)-citrate PET/CT in patients with tuberculosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (05) ◽  
pp. 371-378
Author(s):  
Alfred O. Ankrah ◽  
Ismaheel O. Lawal ◽  
Tebatso M.G. Boshomane ◽  
Hans C. Klein ◽  
Thomas Ebenhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tracer Uptake ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
The Mean ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Gallium 68 ◽  
Attending Physician ◽  
Pet Scans ◽  
The Brain

Abstract 18F-FDG and 68Ga-citrate PET/CT have both been shown to be useful in the management of tuberculosis (TB). We compared the abnormal PET findings of 18F-FDG- and 68Ga-citrate-PET/CT in patients with TB. Methods Patients with TB on anti-TB therapy were included. Patients had a set of PET scans consisting of both 18F-FDG and 68Ga-citrate. Abnormal lesions were identified, and the two sets of scans were compared. The scan findings were correlated to the clinical data as provided by the attending physician. Results 46 PET/CT scans were performed in 18 patients, 11 (61 %) were female, and the mean age was 35.7 ± 13.5 years. Five patients also had both studies for follow-up reasons during the use of anti-TB therapy. Thirteen patients were co-infected with HIV. 18F-FDG detected more lesions than 68Ga-citrate (261 vs. 166, p < 0.0001). 68Ga-citrate showed a better definition of intracerebral lesions due to the absence of tracer uptake in the brain. The mean SUVmax was higher for 18F-FDG compared to 68Ga-citrate (5.73 vs. 3.01, p < 0.0001). We found a significant correlation between the SUVmax of lesions that were determined by both tracers (r = 0.4968, p < 0.0001). Conclusion Preliminary data shows 18F-FDG-PET detects more abnormal lesions in TB compared to 68Ga-citrate. However, 68Ga-citrate has better lesion definition in the brain and is therefore especially useful when intracranial TB is suspected.

Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Cardiometabolic Diseases and Related Complications

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (13) ◽  
pp. 1480-1500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sho-ichi Yamagishi ◽  
Takanori Matsui
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiometabolic Diseases ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Pigment Epithelium Derived Factor ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disorders

Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a glycoprotein that belongs to the superfamily of serine protease inhibitors, serpins. It was first identified as a neuronal differentiating factor secreted by human retinal pigment epithelial cells, and then found to be the most potent inhibitor of pathological angiogenesis in mammalian eyes. Recently, PEDF has been shown not only to suppress oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions in vascular wall cells, T cells and macrophages, and adipocytes, but also to exert antithrombotic and anti-fibrotic properties, thereby protecting against the development and progression of various cardiometabolic diseases and related complications. Furthermore, accumulating evidence has suggested that circulating PEDF levels may be a biomarker of severity and prognosis of these devastating disorders. Number of subjects with visceral obesity and insulin resistance is increasing, and the metabolic syndrome and its related complications, such as diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatits, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease are a growing health challenge. Therefore, in this study, we review the pathophysiological role of PEDF in obesity and metabolic disorders, cardiovascular disease, diabetic eye and kidney complications, liver diseases, and reproductive system disorders, and discuss the potential clinical utility of modulating the expression and actions of PEDF for preventing these cardiometabolic disorders. We also refer to the clinical value of PEDF as a biomarker in cardiometabolic complications.

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