Improvement of Power Consumption in Wireless Body Area Networks by PCM Sampling ​

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad javad Khani ◽  
Zahra Shirmohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Pulse Amplitude ◽  
Body Area Networks ◽  
Wireless Body Area Networks ◽  
Pulse Code Modulation ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Hospital Resources

Abstract Due to the aging population and the growing need for hospitals and care for the elderly and limited hospital resources, the need for a mechanism that can handle the limited hospital resources is felt more than ever. Wireless Body Area networks are one of the technologies that monitor people's health remotely, thus avoiding unnecessary hospitalization and thus managing resource constraints. Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) face with energy limitations. The battery in WBANs has limited energy. However, it is not possible to replace or charge batteries in many of these networks. Therefore, it is needed to save energy and extend network life. One of the important methods that have been proposed for this purpose is sampling rate management-based methods. In this paper due to the efficiency of the sampling rate management, an efficient sampling rate method has been proposed. For this purpose to minimize unnecessary data transmission, Flat- Top Pulse Amplitude Modulated (PAM) method has been used. Then in order to make the signal from PAM suitable for data transmission, Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) method to digitize the pulses has been used. Finally, the results and outputs show that significant energy savings have been achieved. The results showed that data transmission is reduced by up to 92.7% and energy saving is achieved significantly

scholarly journals An Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol for Reliable Data Transmission in Wireless Body Area Networks

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (19) ◽  
pp. 4238
Author(s):  
Yating Qu ◽  
Guoqiang Zheng ◽  
Honghai Wu ◽  
Baofeng Ji ◽  
Huahong Ma
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Body Area Networks ◽  
Wireless Body Area Networks ◽  
Reliable Data ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
Benefit Function

Wireless body area networks will inevitably bring tremendous convenience to human society in future development, and also enable people to benefit from ubiquitous technological services. However, one of the reasons hindering development is the limited energy of the network nodes. Therefore, the energy consumption in the selection of the next hop must be minimized in multi-hop routing. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an energy efficient routing protocol for reliable data transmission in a wireless body area network. The protocol takes multiple parameters of the network node into account, such as residual energy, transmission efficiency, available bandwidth, and the number of hops to the sink. We construct the maximum benefit function to select the next hop node by normalizing the node parameters, and dynamically select the node with the largest function value as the next hop node. Based on the above work, the proposed method can achieve efficient multi-hop routing transmission of data and improve the reliability of network data transmission. Compared with the priority-based energy-efficient routing algorithm (PERA) and modified new-attempt routing protocol (NEW-ATTEMPT), the simulation results show that the proposed routing protocol uses the maximum benefit function to select the next hop node dynamically, which not only improves the reliability of data transmission, but also significantly improves the energy utilization efficiency of the node and prolongs the network lifetime.

scholarly journals Fuzzy Control-Based Energy-Aware Routing Protocol for Wireless Body Area Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Xintong Wang ◽  
Guoqiang Zheng ◽  
Huahong Ma ◽  
Weiwei Bai ◽  
Honghai Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Control ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Body Area Networks ◽  
Wireless Body Area Networks ◽  
Medical Monitoring ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Energy Aware ◽  
Battery Capacity ◽  
Energy Aware Routing

Advances in medical and communication technologies have empowered the development of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs). WBANs interconnect with miniature sensors placed on the human body to enable medical monitoring of patient health. However, the limited battery capacity, delay, and reliability of data transmission have brought challenges to the wider application of WBAN. Minimum consumption of energy and maximum satisfaction with the QoS requirements are essential design aims of the WBAN schemes. Therefore, a fuzzy control-based energy-aware routing protocol (EARP) is proposed in this paper, the proposed protocol establishes a fuzzy control model composed of remaining node energy and link quality, and the best forwarder node is determined by the processes of fuzzification, fuzzy inference, and defuzzification. The simulation results showed that compared with the performance of the existing EERDT and M-TSIMPLE protocols, the proposed EARP has better performance, including extending network lifetime and improving the reliability of data transmission.

Deep-learning based forecasting sampling frequency of biosensors in wireless body area networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 3195-3227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mehrani ◽  
Iman Attarzadeh ◽  
Mehdi Hosseinzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Spline Interpolation ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Body Area Networks ◽  
Wireless Body Area Networks ◽  
Sampling Frequency ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Inference System

Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) have been introduced as a useful way in controlling health status of the monitored patients, during recent years. Each WBAN includes a number of biosensors attached to the patient’s body, collecting his vital sign features and communicating them to the coordinator to make appropriate decisions. Managing energy consumption of biosensors and continuous monitoring of the patients are two main issues in WBANs. Hence, denoting efficient sampling frequency of biosensors is very important in WBANs. In this paper, we propose a scheme which aims at determining and forecasting sampling rate of active biosensors in WBANs. In this regard, from the first round until a certain round, the sampling rate of biosensors would be determined. Accordingly, we introduce our modified Fisher test, develop spline interpolation method and introduce three main parameters. These parameters are information of patient’s activity, patient’s risk and pivot biosensor’s value. Then, by employing mentioned parameters in addition to the introduced statistical and mathematical based strategies, the sampling rate of active biosensors in the next round would be determined at the end of each entire round. By reaching a pre-denoted round, the sampling rate of biosensors would be predicted through forecasting methods. For this purpose, we develop two machine learning based techniques namely Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) and Long Short Term Memory (LSTM). For estimation our approaches we simulate them in MATLAB R2018b software. Simulation results demonstrate that our methods can decrease the number of communicated data by 81%, reduce energy expenditure of biosensors by 73% and forecast the sampling rate of biosensors in the future rounds with 97% accuracy and 2.2753 RMSE.

Reliable Data Transmission Mechanism in Coexisting IEEE 802.15.4 Beacon Enabled Wireless Body Area Networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kefa Gideon Mkongwa ◽  
Chaozhu Zhang ◽  
Arjun Chakravarthi Pogaku ◽  
Qingling Liu ◽  
Munyaradzi Munochiveyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Body Area Networks ◽  
Wireless Body Area Networks ◽  
Reliable Data ◽  
Transmission Mechanism ◽  
Body Area
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