scholarly journals Changes in Smoking Habits in Pregnant Women During COVID-19 Pandemic. A Comparison of Two Cohorts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Llorca ◽  
Carolina Lechosa-Muñiz ◽  
Veronica Vejo-Iandalia ◽  
Sonia Vilanova-Fernández ◽  
Trinidad Dierssen-Sotos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Research ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Research Ethics ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Smoking In Pregnancy ◽  
Step Down ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Background: Although smoking in pregnancy has well known deleterious effects, about 50% women who smoked out of the pregnancy continue to smoke while pregnant. The main is to study changes in smoking in pregnancy during covid-19 pandemic.Methods: We compare two cohorts of pregnant women: one recruited in 2018 (pre-pandemic cohort) and one recruited from March 2020 on (pandemic cohort).Results: The percentage of women who smoked decreased from 13% in the pre-pandemic cohort to 8% in the pandemic cohort (p<0.001). This step-down was similar in all age groups and both employed and unemployed/no active women. Among women in the pandemic cohort, those whose pregnancy began after March-2020 (when the pandemic was declared) reported 1% smoking prevalence, which is much lower than smoking prevalence in women whose pregnancy began before the pandemic was declared.Conclusion: Smoking was less frequent in pregnancies during the covid-19 pandemic and even less frequent in women whose pregnancy began after the pandemic was declared. The effect that lockdown, stay-at-home orders or healthier behaviour habits could have had on smoking in pregnancy would require further research.Trial registration: The study was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Cantabria (reference: 2020.174).

scholarly journals Protocol for a multicentre, parallel-group, open-label randomised controlled trial comparing ferric carboxymaltose with the standard of care in anaemic Malawian pregnant women: the REVAMP trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e053288
Author(s):  
Martin N Mwangi ◽  
Glory Mzembe ◽  
Ernest Moya ◽  
Sabine Braat ◽  
Rebecca Harding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Research Ethics ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intravenous Iron ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Oral Iron ◽  
Ferric Carboxymaltose ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
In Pregnancy

IntroductionAnaemia in pregnancy remains a critical global health problem, affecting 46% of pregnant women in Africa and 49% in Asia. Oral iron therapy requires extended adherence to achieve correction of anaemia and replenishment of iron stores. Ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) is a recently established intravenous iron formulation associated with substantial advantages in safety, speed of delivery and total dose deliverable in a single infusion. We aim to determine whether FCM given once during the second trimester of pregnancy compared with standard oral iron distributed through routine antenatal services is effective and safe for treatment of moderate to severe maternal anaemia in sub-Saharan Africa.Methods and analysisThe randomized controlled trial of the effect of intravenous iron on anaemia in Malawian pregnant women (REVAMP) is a two-arm confirmatory individually randomised trial set in Blantyre and Zomba districts in Malawi. The trial will randomise 862 women in the second trimester of pregnancy with a capillary haemoglobin concentration below 100.0 g/L. The study comprises two arms: (a) intravenous FCM (20 mg/kg up to 1000 mg) given once at randomisation, and (b) standard of care oral iron (65 mg elemental iron two times per day) for 90 days (or the duration of pregnancy, whichever is shorter) provided according to local healthcare practices. Both arms receive sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine as intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy. The primary outcome is the prevalence of anaemia (Hb <110.0 g/L) at 36 weeks’ gestation. Secondary outcomes include birth weight, gestation duration and safety outcomes, including clinical malaria, serious perinatal events and postpartum haematologic and health-related outcomes in the mother and child.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was granted by the Research Ethics Committee (COMREC P.02/18/2357) in Malawi and the Human Research Ethics Committee (WEHI: 18/02), Melbourne, Australia. The protocol is registered with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry. The results will be shared with the local community that enabled the research, and also to the international fora.Trial registration numberACTRN12618001268235; Pre-results.

Investigator perception of trial presentation to the clinical research ethics committee

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 241.2-241
Author(s):  
N. Vilardell ◽  
S. Redondo ◽  
N. Giménez ◽  
L. Soriano ◽  
R. Pla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Research ◽  
Research Ethics ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Research Ethics Committee

scholarly journals Zika virus infection in pregnancy: Establishing a case definition for clinical research on pregnant women with rash in an active transmission setting

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. e0007763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Arraes de Alencar Ximenes ◽  
Demócrito de Barros Miranda-Filho ◽  
Elizabeth B. Brickley ◽  
Ulisses Ramos Montarroyos ◽  
Celina Maria Turchi Martelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Transmission Setting ◽  
Zika Virus Infection ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals A Comparison of Clinical Research Ethics Committee between Japan and Foreign Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol WCP2018 (0) ◽  
pp. PO1-13-5
Author(s):  
Yuka Onaka ◽  
Naoko Kitada ◽  
Hiromi Umezome ◽  
Shoko Tanaka ◽  
Akiko Okumura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Research ◽  
Research Ethics ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Research Ethics Committee ◽  
Foreign Countries

scholarly journals Syphilis sero-positivity among pregnant women attending public antenatal clinics: A five-year analysis from 15 public clinics in Gaborone, Botswana

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-94
Author(s):  
A. B. Ganiyu ◽  
L. Mason ◽  
L. H. Mabuza
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Venereal Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antenatal Clinics ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: The prevalence of syphilis in pregnancy varies across the globe and among different age groups within the same country. In sub-Saharan Africa, syphilis prevalence among pregnant women has been found to range from 2.5 to 18% among antenatal clinic attendees, with the highest prevalence in the age group 35–49 years. Also, it is higher in the rural than urban clinics.Objectives: To determine trends in syphilis prevalence using the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) and the Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) test among pregnant women attending the public antenatal clinics in Gaborone, Botswana (2004–2008).Study design: Cross-sectional study using routinely collected antenatal data.Results: The overall syphilis prevalence amongst pregnant women in Gaborone, Botswana decreased from 2.96% (95% CI, 2.55– 3.37) in 2004 to 1.15% (95% CI, 0.89–1.41) in 2008 (p 0.001). The age specific prevalence per total number of reactive VDRL/RPR was highest amongst pregnant women aged 26 to 30 years (p 0.001) and lowest for those aged 16 to 20 years (p 0.025) during the period 2004–2008. However, there were variations in syphilis prevalence rates within and between the clinics.Conclusion: Syphilis sero-positivity in pregnancy in Gaborone, Botswana has been declining for the last five years, but was more prevalent amongst pregnant women aged 26 to 30 years with the lowest prevalence among those aged 16 to 20 years during the period 2004 to 2008. This decline may be attributed to a number of factors and, in particular, the adoption of the syndromic approach for management of sexually transmitted infections in the country.

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