scholarly journals Attitude and Behaviour For Preventing COVID-19 Disease Infections in Mali: An Analysis Based On COVID-19 Panel Phone Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilfried GUETS ◽  
Deepak Kumar Behera
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Low Income ◽  
World Health ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Phone Survey ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
National Statistical Office

Abstract Background COVID-19 outbreak has been declared as an emerging and conflict situation by the World Health Organization (WHO) due to the multiple nature of infection through international spread that poses a serious threat to populations’ health and socio-economic conditions household in general. Objective This study aims to analyse the behaviour adopted by households’ heads for preventing COVID-19 infection in Mali. Methods We collected data from the COVID-19 Panel Households survey collected in Mali by the National Statistical Office, Institut National de la Statistique (INSTAT), in collaboration with the World Bank in October 2020. We used a multivariate logistic regression model. Results A total of 1,514 households heads were included. The age between 20 and 90 years old. The poor households represented 27%. Being a household with a low-income reduced the probability of using masks (p < 0.1). Being poor increased the probability to agree with vaccination (p < 0.01). The health services utilisation increased the probability of wear masks (p < 0.01), getting tested (p < 0.01), and agree with the vaccine (p < 0.01). People with a high occupation volume were more likely to wear protective masks (p < 0.1). Conclusion Behaviour and attitude prevention varied according to households characteristics. Local government and policymakers should continue to provide more economic, medical and social assistance to protect the population, which would reduce the spread of the disease, particularly to households living in vulnerable regions of the country most affected by conflict and food insecurity.

scholarly journals Water and the death of ambition in global health, c.1970-1990

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 211-230
Author(s):  
Christian McMillen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Good Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Project ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Economic development and good health depended on access to clean water and sanitation. Therefore, because economic development and good health depended on access to clean water and sanitation, beginning in the early 1970s the World Bank, the World Health Organization (WHO), and others began a period of sustained interest in developing both for the billions without either. During the 1980s, two massive and wildly ambitious projects showed what was possible. The International Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Decade and the Blue Nile Health Project aimed for nothing less than the total overhaul of the way water was developed. This was, according to the WHO, “development in the spirit of social justice.”

The role of the World Bank and WHO Model Disability Survey in public health

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 262-264
Author(s):  
Carla Sabariego
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract: The Model Disability Survey (MDS) is the tool recommended by the world health organization (WHO) to collect data on disability at the population level. It consciously promotes a narrative of inclusion, as disability is understood as a continuum, ranging from low to high levels. Public health currently faces the challenge of responding to demographic and health shifts leading to an increase in disability in the population. The MDS provides the information needed to meet these challenges and develop targeted public health interventions.

scholarly journals IGOs in Crisis? Or New Opportunities to Demonstrate Responsibility?

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Marceau
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
World Health ◽  
Intergovernmental Organizations ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Institutional Responses ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The International Monetary Fund ◽  
Law Making

AbstractThis editorial seeks to explore the creative reactions of intergovernmental organizations ('IGOs') in times of global crisis. With emphasis on recent health and economic crises and the response of IGOs including the World Health Organization, the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and the World Trade Organization, the editorial shows that crises have strengthened the institutional and law-making power of the IGOs that are forced to deal with them. Certain common elements emerge from this discussion, including the more prominent role that the leadership and Secretariats of IGOs regularly play in crises, the wider range of institutions and groups with which IGOs are prepared to closely collaborate in order to deal with new issues, and the increased prevalence of creative and informal law-making by IGOs as part of their institutional responses to challenges.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Predictive Insights for Ameliorating Global Malnutrition: A Human-Centric AI-Thinking Approach

AI ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng-Leong How ◽  
Yong Jiet Chan
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Probabilistic Reasoning ◽  
World Health ◽  
Black Swan ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Bank, malnutrition is one of the most serious but least-addressed development challenges in the world. Malnutrition refers to the malfunction or imbalance of nutrition, which could be influenced not only by under-nourishment, but also by over-nourishment. The significance of this paper is that it shows how artificial intelligence (AI) can be democratized to enable analysts who are not trained in computer science to also use human-centric explainable-AI to simulate the possible dynamics between malnutrition, health and population indicators in a dataset collected from 180 countries by the World Bank. This AI-based human-centric probabilistic reasoning approach can also be used as a cognitive scaffold to educe (draw out) AI-Thinking in analysts to ask further questions and gain deeper insights. In this study, a rudimentary beginner-friendly AI-based Bayesian predictive modeling approach was used to demonstrate how human-centric probabilistic reasoning could be utilized to analyze the dynamics of global malnutrition and optimize conditions for achieving the best-case scenario. Conditions of the worst-case “Black Swan” scenario were also simulated, and they could be used to inform stakeholders to prevent them from happening. Thus, the nutritional and health status of vulnerable populations could be ameliorated.

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