Adenosine Inhibits TNFα-Induced MMP-3 Production in MH7A RA Synoviocytes via A2A Receptor Signaling
Abstract Adenosine is the effector molecule; however, the contributions of synoviocyte adenosine receptors (AdoRs) are unknown, and matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) is released by fibroblast-like synoviocytes in response to inflammatory signaling. To elucidate the therapeutic mechanisms of methotrexate, we investigated the effects of A2A AdoR activation and inhibition on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFa)-induced MMP-3 release by MH7A human rheumatoid synovial cells. MH7A cells constitutively expressed membrane-associated A2A AdoRs, and HENECA enhanced intracellular cAMP. Stimulation with TNFa markedly enhanced release of MMP-3 from MH7A cells, whereas HENECA partially and dose-dependently inhibited TNFa-evoked MMP-3 release. Similarly, dbcAMP partially inhibited TNFa-induced MMP-3 release. Pretreatment with ZM241385 reversed the inhibitory effects of HENECA. Further, TNFa induced p38 MAPK and ATF-2 phosphorylation, whereas HENECA suppressed p38 MAPK and ATF-2 phosphorylation. We concluded that adenosine signaling via A2A AdoRs, adenylyl cyclase, and cAMP reduces TNFa-induced MMP-3 production by interfering with p38 MAPK/ATF-2 activity. Activation of A2A AdoR pathway and suppression of MMP-3 release may explain the antirheumatic effects of methotrexate.