New Advanced Technology to Improve Prediction and Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes

Distinct DNA methylation patterns have recently been observed to precede type 1 diabetes in whole blood collected from young children. Our aim was to determine, whether perinatal DNA methylation could be associated with later progression to type 1 diabetes. Reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) analysis was performed on umbilical cord blood samples collected within the Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention (DIPP) study. Children later diagnosed with type 1 diabetes and/or testing positive for multiple islet autoantibodies (N=43) were compared to control individuals (N=79), who remained autoantibody-negative throughout the DIPP follow-up until 15 years of age. Potential confounding factors related to the pregnancy and the mother were included in the analysis. No differences in the cord blood methylation patterns were observed between these cases and controls.

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Stress Hyperglycemia in Children and Adolescents as a Prognostic Indicator for the Development of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Frontiers in Pediatrics ◽

10.3389/fped.2021.670976 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Theodoros Argyropoulos ◽

Emmanouil Korakas ◽

Aristofanis Gikas ◽

Aikaterini Kountouri ◽

Stavroula Kostaridou-Nikolopoulou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Severe Disease ◽

Prognostic Indicator ◽

Hormonal Changes ◽

Stress Hyperglycemia ◽

Prediction And Prevention ◽

Prediction Of Diabetes

Hyperglycemia is a common manifestation in the course of severe disease and is the result of acute metabolic and hormonal changes associated with various factors such as trauma, stress, surgery, or infection. Numerous studies demonstrate the association of adverse clinical events with stress hyperglycemia. This article briefly describes the pathophysiological mechanisms which lead to hyperglycemia under stressful circumstances particularly in the pediatric and adolescent population. The importance of prevention of hyperglycemia, especially for children, is emphasized and the existing models for the prediction of diabetes are presented. The available studies on the association between stress hyperglycemia and progress to type 1 diabetes mellitus are presented, implying a possible role for stress hyperglycemia as part of a broader prognostic model for the prediction and prevention of overt disease in susceptible patients.

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Prediction and Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes

Type I Diabetes ◽

10.1385/1-59259-310-0:55 ◽

2003 ◽

pp. 55-70

Author(s):

Aristides K. Maniatis ◽

George S. Eisenbarth

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Prediction And Prevention

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Chapter-90 Prediction and Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes

RSSDI Textbook of Diabetes Mellitus (Vols 1 and 2) ◽

10.5005/jp/books/11487_90 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 1157-1165

Author(s):

Tripathy BB

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Prediction And Prevention

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Risk assessment, prediction and prevention of type 1 diabetes

Pediatric Diabetes ◽

10.1034/j.1399-5448.2001.002002071.x ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 71-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Leonard C Harrison

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Prediction And Prevention

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Maternal Nitrate and Nitrite Intakes during Pregnancy and Risk of Islet Autoimmunity and Type 1 Diabetes: The DIPP Cohort Study

Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1093/jn/nxaa250 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 150 (11) ◽

pp. 2969-2976

Author(s):

Markus Mattila ◽

Sari Niinistö ◽

Hanna-Mari Takkinen ◽

Heli Tapanainen ◽

Heli Reinivuo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Islet Autoimmunity ◽

University Hospitals ◽

Family History Of Diabetes ◽

Prediction And Prevention ◽

Nitrate And Nitrite ◽

Maternal Dietary Intake

ABSTRACT Background High dietary intake of nitrate and nitrite might increase the risk of type 1 diabetes. To our knowledge, no earlier prospective study has explored whether maternal dietary intake of nitrate and nitrite during pregnancy is associated with the risk of type 1 diabetes in the offspring. Objective Our aim was to study association between maternal intake of nitrate and nitrite during pregnancy and the risk of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in the offspring. Design Children born between 1997 and 2004 at Oulu and Tampere University Hospitals in Finland and carrying increased human leukocyte antigen (HLA)–conferred risk for type 1 diabetes were followed in the Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention (DIPP) study from 3 mo of age. Islet autoantibodies were screened at 3- to 12-mo intervals from serum samples. Of 4879 children, 312 developed islet autoimmunity and 178 developed type 1 diabetes during a 15-y follow-up. Maternal intake of nitrate and nitrite during the eighth month of pregnancy was assessed after birth using a validated self-administered FFQ. Cox proportional hazards regression was used for the statistical analyses. Results Maternal intake of nitrate and nitrite during pregnancy was not associated with the child's risk of islet autoimmunity [nitrate: HR 0.99 (95% CI: 0.88, 1.11); nitrite: HR 1.03 (95% CI: 0.92, 1.15)] or type 1 diabetes [nitrate: HR 1.02 (95% CI: 0.88, 1.17); nitrite: HR 0.97 (95% CI: 0.83, 1.12)] when adjusted for energy (residual method), sex, HLA risk group, and family history of diabetes. Further adjustment for dietary antioxidants (vitamin C, vitamin E, and selenium) did not change the results. Conclusion Maternal dietary intake of nitrate or nitrite during pregnancy is not associated with the risk of islet autoimmunity or type 1 diabetes in the offspring genetically at risk for type 1 diabetes.

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Sociodemographic determinants of early weaning: a Finnish birth cohort study in infants with human leucocyte antigen-conferred susceptibility to type 1 diabetes

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980012002595 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 296-304 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Maijaliisa Erkkola ◽

Maija Salmenhaara ◽

Bright I Nwaru ◽

Liisa Uusitalo ◽

Carina Kronberg-Kippilä ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Infant Formula ◽

Professional Education ◽

Complementary Food ◽

Complementary Foods ◽

Prediction And Prevention ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Sociodemographic Determinants

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the most important sociodemographic determinants of age at introduction of complementary foods in infancy.DesignA prospective birth cohort with increased risk of type 1 diabetes, recruited between 1996 and 2004. The families completed at home a follow-up form on the age at introduction of new foods and, for each clinic visit, a structured dietary questionnaire with 3 d food records.SettingData from the Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention (DIPP) Project, Finland.SubjectsA cohort of 5991 infants (77 % of those invited) belonging to the DIPP Nutrition Study.ResultsSixty-three per cent of the infants were introduced to complementary foods, including infant formula, before the age of 4 months. The median age at introduction of infant formula was 1·5 months (range 0–18 months) and that of the first other complementary food 3·5 months (range 0·7–8 months). All sociodemographic and lifestyle factors studied were associated with the age at introduction of infant formula and/or first other complementary food. Female sex of the infant, being born in the southern region of Finland, living in a rural municipality, the presence of siblings, the mother or the father being a high-school graduate, high maternal professional education and maternal non-smoking during pregnancy predicted later introduction of complementary foods.ConclusionsCompliance was relatively poor with the current recommendations for the age of introducing complementary foods. Small-sized young families with less well-educated parents were most prone to introduce complementary foods early.

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