scholarly journals Introduced Fishmoths identified from South Atlantic Tristan da Cunha Island (Thysanura: Lepismatidae).

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 527-533
Author(s):  
Christine Hänel ◽  
John Irish
Keyword(s):  
South Atlantic ◽  
Tristan Da Cunha ◽  
Gough Island ◽  
St Helena

Zwei weltweit verbreitete Lepismatidae-Arten, die auf der Süd-Atlantischen Insel von Tristan da Cunha gesammelt wurden, sind identifiziert. Damit wird bestätigt das Vertreter der Ordnung Thysanura (Borstenschwänze) dorthin eingeschleppt worden sind. In der Fauna des Archipels Tristan da Cunhas und anderer, weiter südlich liegenden Inseln, sind einheimische Thysanura-Arten nicht bekannt. Im Gegensatz hierzu existieren einige Arten auf den Inseln St. Helena und Ascension. Deren geographische Lage sowie deren politische und soziale Verbindungen zu Tristan da Cunha stehen mit der Ausbreitung im Zusammenhang. Borstenschwänze werden hauptsächlich durch den Handel verbreitet. Im Falle von Tristan da Cunha verstärkt der zunehmende Tourismus die Einschleppung. Um weitere Probleme durch Import fremder Arten zu verhindern, wird der Aufbau eines Quarantänesystems vorgeschlagen, dass für den ankommenden Schiffsverkehr zuständig sein sollte.StichwörterThysanura, Lepismatidae, Lepisma, Ctenolepisma, Fishmoth, Silverfish, Tristan da Cunha, Gough Island, South Atlantic, introduction.

scholarly journals A juvenile Tristan albatross (Diomedea dabbenena) on land at the Crozet Islands

Polar Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander L. Bond ◽  
Christopher Taylor ◽  
David Kinchin-Smith ◽  
Derren Fox ◽  
Emma Witcutt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Cytochrome B ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Small Population ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
South Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Tristan Da Cunha ◽  
Gough Island ◽  
Dispersal Events

AbstractAlbatrosses and other seabirds are generally highly philopatric, returning to natal colonies when they achieve breeding age. This is not universal, however, and cases of extraordinary vagrancy are rare. The Tristan Albatross (Diomedea dabbenena) breeds on Gough Island in the South Atlantic Ocean, with a small population on Inaccessible Island, Tristan da Cunha, ca 380 km away. In 2015, we observed an adult male albatross in Gonydale, Gough Island, which had been ringed on Ile de la Possession, Crozet Islands in 2009 when it was assumed to be an immature Wandering Albatross (D. exulans). We sequenced 1109 bp of the cytochrome b mitochondrial gene from this bird, and confirmed it to be a Tristan Albatross, meaning its presence on Crozet 6 years previous, and nearly 5000 km away, was a case of prospecting behaviour in a heterospecific colony. Given the challenges in identifying immature Diomedea albatrosses, such dispersal events may be more common than thought previously.

Hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Tristan da Cunha and St. Helena

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horia R. Galea
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
New Records ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Tristan Da Cunha ◽  
Gough Island ◽  
The Common ◽  
St Helena ◽  
World Records ◽  
Second World

The present report provides the first account of the shallow water hydroids of St. Helena, which comprises 17 species, and adds nine new records to the hydrozoan fauna of the Tristan da Cunha group of islands, raising their number to 34. A total of 34 species, belonging to five families of Anthoathecata and eight families of Thecata, are discussed herein. Although distributional data are given for each species, brief diagnoses are provided for the lesser known or unidentifiable species, and the common taxa are occasionally accompanied by succinct remarks. Illustrations are provided for nearly all species in order to justify their identification and to facilitate identification by others.Fiordlandia protectaandFilellum bouvetensis,both from Gough Island, represent the second world records and extend their known area of distribution.

scholarly journals Fur Seals Return to Gough Island

Oryx ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.R.P. Bourne
Keyword(s):  
South Atlantic ◽  
The South ◽  
Tristan Da Cunha ◽  
Fur Seals ◽  
Gough Island

After a somewhat perilous landing on Gough Island, south of Tristan da Cunha in the South Atlantic, the author was able to confirm the remarkable comeback of the fur seals there, once heavily exploited but now numbering over a hundred thousand.

The origin of finches on Tristan da Cunha and Gough Island, central South Atlantic ocean

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter G. Ryan ◽  
Luke B. Klicka ◽  
Keith F. Barker ◽  
Kevin J. Burns
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
South Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Tristan Da Cunha ◽  
Gough Island ◽  
Central South

Gough Island

Polar Record ◽  
1940 ◽  
Vol 3 (19) ◽  
pp. 279-279
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Southern Ocean ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
The South ◽  
Cape Of Good Hope ◽  
Following Instructions ◽  
Gough Island ◽  
St Helena ◽  
Colonial Office

According to a note by Allan Crawford (Geographical Journal, xciv, p. 412) H.M.S. Milford called at Gough Island in the Southern Ocean at the end of March 1938. Following instructions from the Colonial Office, the captain landed with a party to hoist the Union Jack and declare this island a dependency of St Helena. Discovered in the sixteenth century by the Portuguese, and named by them Diego Alvarez, it seems to have been lost sight of until, in 1731, Captain Gough, homeward bound in his ship Richmond round the Cape of Good Hope, sighted an island in the South Atlantic, which henceforth went by his name. It was only slowly that geographers came to the conclusion that Diego Alvarez and Gough were one and the same island, and then the former name gradually disappeared from charts. Gough Island has been claimed as British territory since Captain Gough reported it.

scholarly journals Demography and Population Trends of the Atlantic Yellow-Nosed Albatross

The Condor ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Cuthbert ◽  
Peter G. Ryan ◽  
John Cooper ◽  
Geoff Hilton
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Population Trends ◽  
South Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
The South ◽  
Apparent Survival ◽  
Tristan Da Cunha ◽  
Gough Island

Abstract The Atlantic Yellow-nosed Albatross (Thalassarche chlororhynchos) breeds only at the Tristan da Cunha archipelago and Gough Island in the central South Atlantic Ocean, and is threatened by mortality from longline fisheries operating in the South Atlantic. Demographic data have been collected from two study colonies on Gough Island and Tristan da Cunha for 20 years. Annual variation in the number of breeding birds was strongly correlated between the two islands, and over the whole study period both study populations have trended downward at around 1.2% per year. The number of established breeders on Gough Island has declined more rapidly, and significantly, at an annual rate of 2.3%. Monitoring established breeders may be a sensitive means of detecting population trends. Average breeding success (67–69%) and breeding frequency (66–65%) were very similar on the two islands. On Gough Island immature and adult annual apparent survival averaged 88 ± 3% and 92 ± 1%, respectively, and apparent survival from fledging to age 5 has averaged 31 ± 8%. Apparent adult survival on Tristan da Cunha averaged only 84 ± 2%. Annual survival of Tristan birds was negatively correlated with longline fishing effort in the South Atlantic Ocean. Population modeling predicts annual rates of decrease of 1.5–2.8% on Gough Island and 5.5% on Tristan da Cunha. Comparison with congeners suggests that the observed and predicted decreases are most likely to be caused by low adult and immature survival. The conservation status of Atlantic Yellow-nosed Albatrosses should be changed from Near Threatened to Endangered. Demografía y Tendencias Poblacionales del Albatros Thalassarche chlororhynchos Resumen. El albatros Thalassarche chlororhynchos sólo se reproduce en el archipiélago Tristan da Cunha y en la isla Gough en el Océano Atlántico Sur central, y se encuentra amenazado debido a la mortalidad causada por las pesqueras de espinel que operan en el Atlántico Sur. Se colectaron datos demográficos durante 20 años en dos colonias reproductivas en el archipiélago Tristan da Cunha y en la isla Gough. La variación anual en el número de aves reproductivas se correlacionó fuertemente entre las dos islas, y durante todo el período de estudio ambas poblaciones han presentado tendencias de decrecimiento de aproximadamente un 1.2% por año. El número de reproductores establecidos en la isla Gough ha disminuido significativamente y más rápidamente, a una tasa anual de 2.3%. El monitoreo de los reproductores que se establecen puede ser un medio sensible para detectar tendencias poblacionales. El éxito reproductivo promedio (67–69%) y la frecuencia de cría (66–65%) fueron muy similares en ambas islas. En la isla Gough la sobrevivencia aparente de inmaduros y adultos fue en promedio de 88 ± 3% y 92 ± 1%, respectivamente. La sobrevivencia de volantones a la edad de 5 años fue en promedio de 31 ± 8%. La sobrevivencia aparente de adultos en Tristan de Cunha fue en promedio sólo de 84 ± 2%. La sobrevivencia anual de las aves de Tristan se correlacionó negativamente con el esfuerzo de la pesca de espinel en el Océano Atlántico Sur. Los modelos poblacionales predicen tasas de disminución anuales de un 1.5–2.8% en la isla Gough y de un 5.5% en Tristan da Cunha. Comparaciones con congéneres sugieren que las disminuciones observadas y predichas son muy probablemente causadas por la baja sobreviviencia de adultos e inmaduros. La categoría de conservación del albatros T. chlororhynchos debería ser cambiada de “casi amenazada” a “en peligro.”

scholarly journals Synthetic and Semi-Synthetic Microplastic Ingestion by Mesopelagic Fishes From Tristan da Cunha and St Helena, South Atlantic

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra R. McGoran ◽  
James S. Maclaine ◽  
Paul F. Clark ◽  
David Morritt
Keyword(s):  
South Atlantic ◽  
Rock Pools ◽  
Synthetic Material ◽  
Tristan Da Cunha ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Sanitary Products ◽  
United Kingdom Government ◽  
Overseas Territories ◽  
St Helena ◽  
Mesopelagic Species

Mesopelagic fishes were sampled around Tristan da Cunha and St Helena in the South Atlantic from the RRS Discovery at depths down to 1000 m. Sampling was part of the Blue Belt Programme, a marine survey of British Overseas Territories funded by the United Kingdom Government. Thirteen species of mesopelagic fishes identified from 30 specimens were compared with two species (two specimens) collected from rock pools or surface water near the shore. The digestive tracts of all fishes were examined for microplastics. Additionally, one specimen of Opostomias micripnus (Günther, 1878) was analyzed after recovery from the stomach of a commercially fished species, Hyperoglyphe antarctica (Carmichael, 1819). One specimen of Anoplogaster cornuta was found to have ingested a bearded sea devil (Linophryne sp.), a cock-eyed squid (Histioteuthis sp.), a bolitaenid octopus, Japetella diaphana, remains of unidentifiable fish, crustaceans, and possibly salps. These prey items were also examined for microfibres. Both Histioteuthis sp. and Linophryne sp. had ingested fibers and these were considered “ingested particles” for A. cornuta. Neither shallow water dwelling species had ingested microplastics, whilst 11 of the 13 studied mesopelagic species were found to be contaminated. Overall, 66.7% of mesopelagic fishes were found to contain microfibres. Anthropogenic fibers were common especially viscose, a semi-synthetic material which is associated with sanitary products as well as other items.

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