scholarly journals 252 STUDIES ON ADVENTITIOUS REGENERATION IN COCOYAM

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 465f-465
Author(s):  
Leopold M. Nyochembeng ◽  
Stephen Garton
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Adventitious Regeneration ◽  
Petiole Explants ◽  
The Impact

Studies were conducted to determine the response of cocoyam shoot tips, petioles, cotyledons and hypocotyls in various media for callus formation, adventitious shoot development and somatic embryogenesis. In all experiments, B5 basal medium or low N B5 were supplemented with various growth regulators. High frequency adventitious shoot proliferation was obtained using cotyledons and hypocotyls in medium supplemented with 1 mg/l IBA and 0.5 mg/l TDZ. Embryogenic callus was obtained using shoot tips in media containing 1 mg/l Dicamba, hile somatic embryos were observed in media containing 0.3 mg/l 2, 4 - D and 1 mg/l Kinetin, using hypocotyl and petiole explants. The impact of these results on micropropagation of cocoyam is discussed.

scholarly journals Bioproduction of Diosgenin in Callus Cultures of Balanites aegyptiaca: Effect of Growth Regulators, Explants and Somatic Embryogenesis

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0600100
Author(s):  
Bishnu P. Chapagain ◽  
Vinod Saharan ◽  
Dan Pelah ◽  
Ram C. Yadav ◽  
Zeev Wiesman
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Embryogenic Callus ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Suspension Cultures ◽  
Balanites Aegyptiaca ◽  
Basal Media

This study describes the effects of plant growth regulators, explants, and somatic embryogenesis on in vitro production of the steroidal sapogenin, diosgenin, in callus cultures of the Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del.(desert date). Root, shoot, hypocotyl, and epicotyl callus culture of B. aegyptiaca, were raised on MS basal media supplemented with various combinations of either 2,4-D and NAA alone, or with BAP. The diosgenin content (on a dry weight basis) was found to be highest when calli were cultured in MS basal medium supplemented with 1.0 mg l−1 2,4-D alone and/or in combination with 0.5 mg l−1 BAP. However, the callus growth was highest in media supplemented with 2.5 or 3.0 mg l−1 2,4-D. MS basal media supplemented with 2,4-D 2.5 mg l−1 alone and in combination with 0.5 mg l−1 BAP induced pre-embryogenic callus formation on root cultures. When these pre-embryogenic callus cultures were used to establish cell suspension cultures, two growth densities were obtained in embryogenic suspension cultures, inducing clusters of somatic embryos at various stages of development. The maximum number of somatic embryos were obtained at the fifth week on the medium supplemented with 1.0 mg l−1 2,4-D. However, the diosgenin content in these somatic cells was found to be lower compared to the explant calluses. This study revealed that production of diosgenin in callus cultures of B. aegyptiaca is possible, but the amount is significantly affected by the growth regulators, type of explants, and somatic embryogenesis.

scholarly journals Thidiazuron- and Zeatin-induced High-frequency Shoot Regeneration from Leaf and Shoot-tip Explants of Strawberry

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Haddadi ◽  
Maheran Abd Aziz ◽  
Hossein Kamaladini ◽  
Seyed Ali Ravanfar
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Leaf Explant ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Regeneration Response ◽  
Basal Salts ◽  
Shoot Tip Explants

Strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa cv. Camarosa) was evaluated to determine a high-frequency shoot regeneration response for leaf and shoot-tip explants. For direct organogenesis from strawberry leaves, combinations of moderate concentrations of thidiazuron [TDZ (0, 2, and 4 μm)] and 6-benzylaminopurine [BAP (0, 4, and 9 μm)] added into medium containing Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal salts were compared. The most shoots regenerated per leaf explant were observed with 4-μm TDZ. Regeneration from shoot tips was evaluated with 0-, 2-, 4-, 8-, and 16-μm zeatin, kinetin, or 6-α,α-dimethylallylamino purine (2ip) tested individually. Optimum shoot proliferation was achieved from shoot-tip explants on medium containing 4-μm zeatin. Rooting was best without cytokinins in the medium; however, adequate rooting was obtained on the 4-μm zeatin treatment as well.

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation of Viburnum opulus ‘Nanum’

1985 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Virginia Hildebrandt ◽  
Patricia M. Harney
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Viburnum Opulus ◽  
Adenine Sulfate ◽  
Growing Shoot

Explants of actively growing shoot tips from greenhouse-grown plants of Viburnum opulus ‘Nanum’ initiated new shoots on a modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) revised medium plus 0.1 mg/L indoleacetic acid (IAA). These shoots were transferred for proliferation to the same medium, but with 1 mg/L 6-benzylamino purine (BA) replacing IAA and the addition of 2.5 mg/L 2-iso-pentenyladenine (2iP). Both adenine sulfate AdS) and NaH2PO4.H2O inhibited shoot proliferation, while gibberellic acid (GA3) and glycine had no effect. The shoots could be rooted either in the basal medium without cytokinin or in vermiculite under mist.

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Turbinicarpus valdezianus (Möeller) Glass & Foster (Cactaceae) an Endemic Cactus in Northern Mexico

HortScience ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Martínez Palacios ◽  
Raúl Cárdenas Navarro ◽  
Diana Beatriz Hernández Ortega ◽  
Víctor Chávez Avila
Keyword(s):  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
In Vitro Clonal Propagation

An in vitro clonal propagation protocol based on axillary bud development was generated for Turbinicarpus valdezianus. An efficient multiplication rate was obtained using either longitudinal or apical explants from in vitro germinated seedlings. The proliferation capacity of these explants was evaluated by testing the single and interaction effects of five concentrations of 6-furfurylaminopurine (KIN) (0.00, 2.32, 4.64, 9.28, and 18.56 µm) and three concentrations of α-naphthalenacetic acid (NAA) (0.00, 0.54, and 2.70 µm), using Murashige and Skoog (MS) as basal medium. Statistical analysis showed that the highest average shoot proliferation of T. valdezianus was recorded with 9.28 µm of KIN, producing 11.75 and 4.50 plantlets per initial explant, for apical and lateral explants, respectively. Addition of NAA to the medium had an inhibitory effect on shoot proliferation for both explant types. The developed shoots in 9.28 µm of KIN and plant growth regulator (PGR)-free treatments were used for a rooting subculture phase. These shoots were then transferred to PGR-free MS medium, resulting in statistically significant different rooting frequencies of 78% and 97%, respectively. When transplanted in soil, the rooted shoots showed an average survival rate of 90%, without any significant statistical differences between treatments. This propagation protocol has the capacity to produce near to 21 plantlets per seedling in 27 weeks, i.e., 11.78 and 9.00 plantlets per apical and lateral explants, respectively, without callus or adventitious shoot formation. These features made it highly attractive as an in vitro clonal propagation method for T. valdezianus plants and the later implementation of a rescue program for threatened wild populations of this cacti species.

scholarly journals High Frequency In Vitro Regeneration of Dianthus caryophyllus L., a Herbaceous Perennial Ornamental Plant

1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
AKM Sayeed Hassan ◽  
JL Munshi ◽  
R Sultana ◽  
MAA Jahan ◽  
R Khatun
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets ◽  
Herbaceous Perennial

High frequency plant regeneration was established from shoot tips and nodal explants of a perennial ornamental plant, Dianthus caryophyllus L. Best shoot induction was observed on MS basal medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l BAP + 0.1 mg/l NAA, in which 82% of the explants responded to produce maximum number of shoots (38) per culture. In vitro raised healthy shoots were rooted on half strength MS medium with 0.5 mg/l IBA +0.5 mg/l NAA. For acclimatization and transplantation, the plantlets in the rooting culture tubes were kept in normal room temperature for 7 days before transplanting in pots where plantlets were reared for three weeks. The survival rate of regenerated plantlets was 78%. Key words: Dianthus caryophyllus; Shoot proliferation; Micropropagation; Acclimatization DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v46i4.9597 BJSIR 2011; 46(4): 495-498

scholarly journals In vitro propagation of pointed gourd (Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.) through encapsulated shoot tips

1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Malek
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Alginate Beads ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Artificial Seed ◽  
Pointed Gourd

Plants were regenerated from encapsulated shoot tips of pointed gourd. Shoot tips isolated from multiple shoot cultures of AM-8 and AM-15 cultivars of pointed gourd were encapsulated in sodium alginate beads. For germination and shoot proliferation, encapsulated shoot tips (artificial seed) were cultured in MS basal medium containing different concentrations and combinations of BAP and NAA. Use of MS medium resulted in 90% conversion of encapsulated shoot tips into plantlets. The results exhibited that BAP and combinations of BAP and NAA play an important role in germination of artificial seed being encapsulated by sodium alginate beads. The plantlets were successfully established in earthen pot. Under the present study, limited experimental efforts have been made to establish the protocol for encapsulating the shoot tips for the production of artificial seed and their subsequent regeneration. It is the first report in Bangladesh in developing artificial seed production technique using vegetative tissue of pointed gourd. Key Words: In vitro propagation; pointed gourd; shoot tips. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v34i4.5832Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(4) : 555-563, December 2009

scholarly journals New Basal Media for Protocorm-Like Body and Callus Induction of Hybrid Cymbidium

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Control Medium ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Basal Media ◽  
Bacto Agar

Abstract High frequency protocorm-like body (PLB) production from hybrid Cymbidium Twilight Moon ‘Day Light’ has been developed through a new medium, Teixeira Cymbidium (TC) medium. Two new TC media containing variable amounts of macroand micronutrients and other additives, inspired by Winarto and Teixeira (WT) medium for Anthurium and Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium were used to induce PLBs and callus. Control medium was research- and industry-standard Vacin and Went (VW) medium. The first TC medium, TCPLB, could induce significantly more PLBs than on VW while high levels of macronutrients in the second TC medium, TCCALLUS, and MS were required to induce callus. All PLB induction media contained 0.1 mg/l α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 0.1 mg/l kinetin (KIN), 2 g/l tryptone and 20 g/l sucrose, and solidified with 8 g/l Bacto agar while callusinduction media were identical, except that KIN was substituted by thidiazuron (TDZ). Basal medium had a significant effect on PLB and callus formation. This protocol could be used to induce PLBs and callus from other Cymbidium species or cultivars.

Somatic Embryogenesis From Styles of Different Cultivars of Citrus limon (L.) Burm

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 587 ◽  
Author(s):  
FD Pasquale ◽  
F Carimi ◽  
FG Crescimanno
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Culture Initiation ◽  
Embryogenic Response

Plants were regenerated from styles of three cultivars of lemon (Citrus limon (L.) Burm.), 'Monachello', 'Lunario' and 'Femminello Santa Teresa'. Styles and stigmas were excised from flowers, and cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium. Callus formation occurred from the style base 2 weeks after culture initiation and was significantly (P < 0.01) greater in immature flowers growing on BAP supplemented medium. Somatic embryos appeared 8 weeks later. The addition of BAP in the culture medium increased significantly (P < 0.01) the embryogenic response of the style, and the best regeneration occurred on MS basal medium supplemented with 13.3 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 146 mM sucrose. Once embryos were transferred to MS medium supplemented with 500 mg L-1 malt extract and 0.27 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), they developed into plantlets. After 5 or 6 months of continuous subculturing, the embryogenic callus became habituated and new embryos were still arising.

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Texas Madrone, Arbutus xalapensis H.B.K.

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1028-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne A. Mackay
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Root Branching ◽  
Rooting Medium

Mature flowering Arbutus texana trees were successfully micropropagated from shoot tips. Optimum shoot proliferation was achieved on a basal medium consisting of WPM salts, MS vitamins, and sucrose supplemented with 11.1 or 22.2 μm BA and no auxin. Microcuttings rooted readily when pulsed with 6.1 μm IBA for 1 week and transferred to auxin-free medium. The addition of charcoal to the rooting medium improved root branching and elongation but suppressed root formation. Chemical names used: N-(phenylmethyl)-1H-purin-6-amine (BA); indole-3-butyric acid (IBA).

scholarly journals Shoot Organogenesis and Plant Regeneration from Leaf Explants ofLysionotus serratusD. Don

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiansheng Li ◽  
Min Deng ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Yigang Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Organogenesis ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Perennial Plant

The gesneriaceous perennial plant,Lysionotus serratus, has been used in traditional Chinese medicine. It also has a great development potential as an ornamental plant with its attractive foliage and beautiful flowers. An efficient propagation and regeneration system via direct shoot organogenesis from leaf explant was established in this study. High active cytokinin (6-benzyladenine (BA) or thidiazuron (TDZ)) was effective for direct organogenesis of initial induction. Murashige and Skoog (MS) growth media containing 0.5 mg L−1BA alone or with combination of 0.1 mg L−1  α-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) were the most effective for shoot proliferation. High BA concentration (1.0 mg L−1) in the media caused high percentage of vitrified shoots though they introduced high shoot proliferation rate. Histological observation indicated that adventitious shoot regeneration on the medium containing 0.5 mg L−1BA alone occurred directly from leaf epidermal cells without callus formation. Regenerated shoots rooted well on medium containing half-strength MS medium with 0.5 mg L−1indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and the plantlets successfully acclimatized and grew vigorously in the greenhouse with a 94.2% and 92.1% survival rate.

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