Melon PI 414723 Is Resistant to Papaya Ringspot Virus Watermelon Strain

PI 414723 has received much attention from melon (Cucumis melo L.) breeders, pathologists, and entomologists for resistances to zucchini yellow mosaic and watermelon mosaic viruses, including resistances to virus multiplication and subsequent transmission by the melon aphid, powdery mildew resistance, and melon aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover). PI 414723 was derived from PI 371795, which was a contaminant in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) PI 175111 collected in 1948 by Walter N. Koelz in Mussoorie, Uttar Pradesh, India (altitude 1829 m). Its fruit, which have soft flesh and rind that split at maturity, are used in soups and stews, and the seeds are roasted and eaten. PI 414723, PI 371795, and the related Ames 20219 and progeny 92528a were resistant to California and Florida isolates of papaya ringspot virus watermelon strain (PRSV-W). Plants were either symptomless, or they exhibited local lesions, systemic necrosis, or systemic spots. Resistance to PRSV-W is conditioned by a single dominant gene. Allelism with Prv1 (PI 180280, Rajkot, Gujarat, India), Prv2 (PI 180283, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India), Nm (`Vedrantais, Fance), and a recently described gene for PRSV-W resistance in PI 124112 (Calcutta, India) is yet to be determined.

Download Full-text

Transmission Efficiency of Papaya ringspot virus by Three Aphid Species

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto-98-5-0541 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 98 (5) ◽

pp. 541-546 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

C. M. Kalleshwaraswamy ◽

N. K. Krishna Kumar

Keyword(s):

Aphis Gossypii ◽

Transmission Efficiency ◽

Leaf Disk ◽

Ringspot Virus ◽

Test Plant ◽

Infected Leaf ◽

Papaya Ringspot Virus ◽

Access Period ◽

Virus Retention ◽

Aphid Inoculation

The transmission efficiency of Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) by three aphid vectors (i.e., Aphis gossypii, A. craccivora, and Myzus persicae) was studied. Efficiency was measured by single-aphid inoculation, group inoculation (using five aphids), duration of virus retention, and the number of plants following a single acquisition access period (AAP) to which the aphids could successfully transmit the virus. Single-aphid inoculation studies indicated that M. persicae (56%) and A. gossypii (53%) were significantly more efficient in transmitting PRSV than A. craccivora (38%). Further, in the former two species, the time required for initiation of the first probe on the inoculation test plant was significantly shorter compared to A. craccivora. PRSV transmission efficiency was 100% in all three species when a group of five aphids were used per plant. There was a perceptible decline in transmission efficiency as the sequestration period increased, although M. persicae successfully transmitted PRSV after 30 min of sequestration. A simple leaf-disk assay technique was employed for evaluating the transmission efficiency of three species of aphids. The results of leaf-disk assays also indicated that A. gossypii (48%) and M. persicae (56%) were more efficient PRSV vectors than A. craccivora. Using leaf-disk assays, the ability of individual aphids to inoculate PRSV serially to a number of plants was studied. Following a single AAP on an infected leaf, M. persicae was more efficient than the other two species with 52.5% transmission after the first inoculation access period (IAP). However, its inoculation efficiency significantly decreased with the second and subsequent IAPs. A. gossypii was able to transmit PRSV sequentially up to four successive leaf disks, but with significantly declining efficiency. Since A. gossypii is reported to be the numerically dominant vector in south India in addition to being a more efficient vector capable of inoculating PRSV to multiple plants, it should be the target vector for control strategies.

Download Full-text

149 DIFFERENTIAL REACTIONS OF MELONS TO ISOLATES OF PAPAYA RINGSPOT VIRUS WATERMELON STRAIN

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.29.5.450b ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

pp. 450b-450

Author(s):

Patti Fashing-Burdette ◽

James D. McCreight

Keyword(s):

Mosaic Virus ◽

Cucumis Melo ◽

Ringspot Virus ◽

Watermelon Mosaic Virus ◽

Papaya Ringspot Virus ◽

Plant Introductions ◽

Local Lesions ◽

Necrotic Spots ◽

Incompatible Reaction

In 1963, melon (Cucumis melo L.) plant introductions (PI) 124112 and PI 180280 were reported variable in response to inoculation with the T-1 or Freitag's isolates of watermelon mosaic virus. Most plants were symptomless, but some had small pinpoint necrotic lesions on cotyledons and leaves. The T-1 and Freitag's isolates of watermelon mosaic were later designated watermelon mosaic virus 1, and more recently renamed papaya ringspot virus watermelon strain (PRSV-W). When inoculated with California or Florida isolates of PRSV-W in 1993, WMR 29 a western U.S. shipping type melon derived from PI 180280 was symptomless (incompatible reaction) and SDS-immunodiffusion assays were negative. In contrast when inoculated with the same PRSV-W isolates, PI 124112 had incompatible reactions characterized by wilting, local lesions, systemic necrotic spots and necrosis and negative SDS-immunodiffusion assays.

Download Full-text

Virus Transmission by Aphis gossypii Glover to Aphid-resistant and Susceptible Muskmelons

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.117.2.248 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 117 (2) ◽

pp. 248-254 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Albert N. Kishaba ◽

Steven J. Castle ◽

Donald L. Coudriet ◽

James D. McCreight ◽

G. Weston Bohn

Keyword(s):

Cucumis Melo ◽

Aphis Gossypii ◽

Virus Transmission ◽

Watermelon Mosaic Virus ◽

Recurrent Parent ◽

Breeding Line ◽

Field Cage ◽

Aphis Gossypii Glover ◽

Resistant Population ◽

Melon Aphid

The spread of watermelon mosaic virus by the melon aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) was 31%, 74%, and 71% less to a melon aphid-resistant muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) breeding line than to the susceptible recurrent parent in a field cage study. Aphid-resistant and susceptible plants served equally well as the virus source. The highest rate of infection (97.9%) was noted when target plants were all melon-aphid susceptible, least (26.7%) when the target plants were all melon-aphid resistant, and intermediate (69.4%) when the target plants were an equal mix of aphid-resistant and susceptible plants. The number of viruliferous aphids per plant required to cause a 50% infection varied from five to 20 on susceptible controls and from 60 to possibly more than 400 on a range of melon aphid-resistant populations. An F family from a cross of the melon aphid-resistant AR Topmark (AR TM) with the susceptible `PMR 45' had significantly less resistance to virus transmission than AR TM. Breeding line AR 5 (an aphid-resistant population with `PMR 5' as the recurrent parent) had significantly greater resistance to transmission than other aphid-resistant populations.

Download Full-text

Genes for Resistance to Powdery Mildew Races 1 and 2U.S. in Melon PI 313970

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.38.4.591 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 38 (4) ◽

pp. 591-594 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

James D. McCreight

Keyword(s):

Powdery Mildew ◽

Cucumis Melo ◽

Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽

Dominant Gene ◽

Recessive Gene ◽

Sphaerotheca Fuliginea ◽

Limited Data ◽

Race 1 ◽

Resistance Reaction ◽

Greenhouse Tests

Powdery mildew is a major problem in melon (Cucumis melo L.) production worldwide. Three genes for resistance to Sphaerotheca fuliginea (Schlecht. ex Fr.) Poll. race 1 and race 2U.S. were identified in growth chamber and greenhouse tests in the cross of PI 313970 × `Top Mark'. A recessive gene conditioned resistance of true leaves to race 1. A recessive gene appeared to condition resistance of cotyledons to race 2U.S., although a second recessive gene may be involved. A semi-dominant gene conditioned resistance of true leaves to race 2U.S. Limited data suggested linkage of the recessive gene for resistance to race 1 and the semi-dominant gene for resistance to race 2U.S. The resistance reaction of PI 313970 to infection of true leaves by race 2U.S. included water-soaked spots and resistant blisters, but segregation data for the resistant blister reaction were inconclusive. Allelic relationships of these genes with previously reported melon powdery mildew resistance genes remain to be determined.

Download Full-text

Detection of Papaya ringspot virus Type W Infecting the Cucurbit Weed Cucumis melo var. dudaim in Florida

Plant Health Progress ◽

10.1094/php-br-13-0126 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 29-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yaowapa Tantiwanich ◽

Carlye A. Baker ◽

William W. Turechek ◽

Scott Adkins

Keyword(s):

Virus Type ◽

Cucumis Melo ◽

Ringspot Virus ◽

Papaya Ringspot Virus ◽

First Report

This is the first report of Papaya ringspot virus type W infecting Cucumis melo var. dudaim, a cucurbit weed, in Florida. It provides an overview of this virus reservoir for growers, extension workers, crop consultants, and research and regulatory scientists. Accepted for publication 21 January 2014. Published 18 March 2014.

Download Full-text

Nature of resistance in Cucumis melo cvs to papaya ringspot virus type W

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar9940633 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 633 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

KS Gibb ◽

AC Padovan ◽

ME Herrington

Keyword(s):

Virus Type ◽

Comparative Studies ◽

Cucumis Melo ◽

Ringspot Virus ◽

Symptom Expression ◽

Papaya Ringspot Virus ◽

True Leaf ◽

Infected Cells ◽

Systemic Symptoms ◽

Lines Of Evidence

Comparative studies were made of the reactions of a 'resistant' (Cinco), a susceptible (Planters Jumbo) and a Cinco x Planters Jumbo (Cinbo) cultivar of muskmelon to papaya ringspot virus-watermelon strain (PRSV-W). Neither Cinbo nor Cinco supported levels of virus that were detectable by biotin-ELISA, but PRSV-W was detected in individual cells of the three cultivars. In inoculated leaves of Planters Jumbo most cells were infected, but in both Cinbo and Cinco only 3-7% of cells were infected. When cotyledons of Cinbo were inoculated, mild systemic symptoms were observed, but plants remained symptomless when true leaves were inoculated. Virus was recovered from both cotyledon - inoculated Cinbo grown at 25 or 40�C and true leaf-inoculated Cinbo, but only when the latter were grown at 25�C. There was no difference in the percentage of infected cells in these leaves despite the differences in symptom expression. Cinco was highly resistant and only occasionally showed mild systemic symptoms on cotyledon-inoculated plants grown at 25�C. Unlike those of Cinbo, leaves with symptoms were not infective, but there was no difference in the percentage of infected cells in these leaves compared to those in Cinbo. For both Cinbo and Cinco, several lines of evidence are presented that suggest PRSV-W is restricted to a few cells throughout the plant.

Download Full-text

Inheritance of Resistance to the Watermelon Strain of Papaya Ringspot Virus in the Cucumber Line TMG-1

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.30.2.338 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 338-340 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

T. Wai ◽

R. Grumet

Keyword(s):

Mosaic Virus ◽

Dominant Gene ◽

Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽

Ringspot Virus ◽

Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Watermelon Mosaic Virus ◽

Papaya Ringspot Virus ◽

Genetics Of Resistance ◽

Elisa Data

The inbred cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) line TMG-1 is resistant to three potyviruses: zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), and the watermelon strain of papaya ringspot virus (PRSV-W). In this study we sought to determine the genetics of resistance to PRSV-W. TMG-1 was crossed with WI-2757, an inbred line susceptible to all three viruses. Segregation data indicated that resistance to PRSV-W was due to a single dominant gene (proposed designation, Prsv-2). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) data suggested that the mechanism of resistance to PRSV-W differs from that for ZYMV and WMV, and may be better described as tolerance. Although the plants were free of symptoms, high PRSV-W titers existed in young expanding leaves of the TMG-1 plants and the WI-2757 × TMG-1 F1 progeny.

Download Full-text

GENETIC RELATIONSHIPS AMONG RESISTANCE TO ZUCCHINI YELLOW MOSAIC VIRUS, WATERMELON MOSAIC VIRUS, PAPAYA RINGSPOT VIRUS, AND POWDERY MILDEW IN MELON (CUCUMIS MELO)

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.6.913g ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (6) ◽

pp. 913G-914

Author(s):

Konstantinos Anagnostou ◽

Molly Kyle ◽

Rafael Perl-Treves

Keyword(s):

Powdery Mildew ◽

Mosaic Virus ◽

Cucumis Melo ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽

Ringspot Virus ◽

Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽

Watermelon Mosaic Virus ◽

Papaya Ringspot Virus ◽

Relationship Of

We have studied the relationship of resistance to watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), papaya ringspot virus (PRSV), and powdery mildew (PM) in melon (Cucumis melo). We have confirmed monogenic dominant inheritance of these four resistances and report that PI414723-4S3, which was initially selected as a source of ZYMR, is also a source of dominant monogenic resistance to PRSV. Further, we observed departure from independent assortment for resistance to WMV and ZYMV in a study of 73 (UC Top Mark × PI414723-4S3) F3 families (χ2 = 39.87 significant at both 0.01 and 0.05 levels), indicating linkage between Wmv and Zym. The map distance between these resistance genes calculated from the number of recombinant families (RF% = 9.58) was 10.5 cM. Compari-sons among WMV, PM, ZYMV-PM, PRSV-PM, ZYMV-PRSV, and WMV-PRSV of 48 (TM × PI414723-4S3) F3 families, which were screened with all four pathogens, showed no consistent cosegregation.

Download Full-text