Tobacco Mosaic Virus Subliminal Infection of African Violet

`Wild White' African violet (Saintpaulia ionantha H. Wendl.) was previously reported to be probably immune to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection. In this study, 15 other S. ionantha cultivars were mechanically inoculated with 200 μg TMV/ml sodium phosphate buffer. Two weeks postinoculation, tissue was harvested and assayed for TMV infection by a) TMV-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and b) bioassay on the local lesion host, `Samsun NN' tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). There was evidence of TMV infection in directly inoculated tissue of each of the 15 S. ionantha cultivars but not in noninoculated tissue or in mock-inoculated control plants. The small amount of virus recovered from inoculated tissue was shown to be the result of de facto viral infection and not the detection of residual inoculum. Postinoculation treatment with ultraviolet light significantly enhanced virus recovery in directly inoculated tissue. These results suggest that S. ionantha is not immune to TMV infection and that this host undergoes an asymptomatic subliminal infection by TMV.

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Susceptibility of Vegetatively Propagated Petunia to Tobamovirus Infection and Its Possible Control

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.34.2.292 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 292-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. Cohen ◽

Noga Sikron ◽

S. Shuval ◽

A. Gera

Keyword(s):

Mosaic Virus ◽

Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Phosphate Buffer ◽

Sodium Phosphate ◽

Tomato Mosaic Virus ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Post Inoculation ◽

Sodium Phosphate Buffer ◽

Local Lesions ◽

Systemic Symptoms

In this study, 18 Petunia ×hybrida Hort. Volm.-Andr. cultivars were mechanically inoculated with the tobamoviruses tobacco mosaic (TMV) or tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) (20 μg·L-1 in 0.05 m sodium phosphate buffer). One and 2 weeks post-inoculation (PI), inoculated and noninoculated upper leaves were harvested and assayed for TMV infection using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Local lesions developed on inoculated leaves of 16 cultivars 3-5 days PI. A total of 11 and 16 of the cultivars developed systemic symptoms characteristic of tobamovirus infection 2 weeks after inoculation with TMV and ToMV, respectively. All cultivars were positive in ELISA tests. Large amounts of virus were recovered from the upper, noninoculated leaves of all cultivars, including symptomless plants. Up to 95% infection by TMV occurred when a sterilized knife was passed through an infected shoot of petunia prior to its being used to remove cuttings from healthy petunia plants. Heat sterilization of knives and/or treatment with 2.8 g·L-1 sodium troclosene was very effective in controlling TMV transmission.

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Tobacco Mosaic Virus-Infected Tissue

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100119375 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 510-511

Author(s):

Egbert W. Henry

Keyword(s):

Nicotiana Tabacum ◽

Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽

Chlorogenic Acid ◽

Mosaic Virus ◽

Host Resistance ◽

Oxidative Metabolism ◽

Leaf Tissue ◽

Vein Clearing ◽

Basal Septum ◽

Concentration Levels

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection has been studied in several investigations of Nicotiana tabacum leaf tissue. Earlier studies have suggested that TMV infection does not have precise infective selectivity vs. specific types of tissues. Also, such tissue conditions as vein banding, vein clearing, liquification and suberization may result from causes other than direct TMV infection. At the present time, it is thought that the plasmodesmata, ectodesmata and perhaps the plasmodesmata of the basal septum may represent the actual or more precise sites of TMV infection.TMV infection has been implicated in elevated levels of oxidative metabolism; also, TMV infection may have a major role in host resistance vs. concentration levels of phenolic-type enzymes. Therefore, enzymes such as polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase and phenylalamine ammonia-lyase may show an increase in activity in response to TMV infection. It has been reported that TMV infection may cause a decrease in o-dihydric phenols (chlorogenic acid) in some tissues.

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First Detection of Tobacco Mosaic Virus in Tobacco Fields in Northern Lebanon

Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871526520666200928164057 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

Author(s):

Rami Obeid ◽

Elias Wehbe ◽

Mohamad Rima ◽

Mohammad Kabara ◽

Romeo Al Bersaoui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽

Mosaic Virus ◽

Viral Genome ◽

Virus Genome ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Virus Family ◽

Crop Fields ◽

Wide Range ◽

Almost All ◽

Das Elisa

Background: Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is the most known virus in the plant mosaic virus family and is able to infect a wide range of crops, in particularly tobacco, causing a production loss. Objectives: Herein, and for the first time in Lebanon, we investigated the presence of TMV infection in crops by analyzing 88 samples of tobacco, tomato, cucumber and pepper collected from different regions in North Lebanon. Methods: Double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA), revealed a potential TMV infection of four tobacco samples out of 88 crops samples collected. However, no tomato, cucumber and pepper samples were infected. The TMV+ tobacco samples were then extensively analyzed by RT-PCR to detect viral RNA using different primers covering all the viral genome. Results and Discussion: PCR results confirmed those of DAS-ELISA showing TMV infection of four tobacco samples collected from three crop fields of North Lebanon. In only one of four TMV+ samples, we were able to amplify almost all the regions of viral genome, suggesting possible mutations in the virus genome or an infection with a new, not yet identified, TMV strain. Conclusion: Our study is the first in Lebanon revealing TMV infection in crop fields, and highlighting the danger that may affect the future of agriculture.

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