Non-Invasive Bed-side assessment of pulmonary vascular resistance in critically I11 pediatric patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
MarwaMoustapha Al-Fahham ◽  
HananMohamed Ibrahim ◽  
NevinMamdouh Habeeb ◽  
AhmedGamal Youssif
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Pulmonary Vascular Resistance ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Non Invasive

scholarly journals Exogenous Surfactant Therapy for Pediatric Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

1997 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F Lewis ◽  
Jasvinder S Dhillon ◽  
Ram N Singh ◽  
Craig C Johnson ◽  
Timothy C Frewen
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Exogenous Surfactant ◽  
Lung Dysfunction ◽  
Surfactant Administration ◽  
Severe Lung

Exogenous surfactant administration is currently being tested in patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The results of the studies have varied because several factors may influence the host’s response to this therapy. This clinical pilot study was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of exogenous surfactant administration in pediatric patients with ARDS. Surfactant was administered to 13 patients with severe lung dysfunction, and eight of these patients experienced a significant improvement in oxygenation after the first dose of surfactant. In these patients the exogenous surfactant was administered within 48 h of the diagnosis of ARDS, whereas in the five patients who did not respond, surfactant was administered several days after the onset of ARDS. Responders also spent fewer days on a mechanical ventilator and less time in intensive care compared with nonresponders. Based on the results of this pilot study, a more appropriate multicentre clinical trial should be designed to evaluate this treatment strategy.

Barotrauma during non-invasive ventilation for acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by COVID-19: a balance between risks and benefits

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
M Gabrielli ◽  
F Valletta ◽  
F Franceschi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Acute Respiratory Failure ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Non Invasive Ventilation

Ventilatory support is vital for the management of severe forms of COVID-19. Non-invasive ventilation is often used in patients who do not meet criteria for intubation or when invasive ventilation is not available, especially in a pandemic when resources are limited. Despite non-invasive ventilation providing effective respiratory support for some forms of acute respiratory failure, data about its effectiveness in patients with viral-related pneumonia are inconclusive. Acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 infection causes life-threatening respiratory failure, weakening the lung parenchyma and increasing the risk of barotrauma. Pulmonary barotrauma results from positive pressure ventilation leading to elevated transalveolar pressure, and in turn to alveolar rupture and leakage of air into the extra-alveolar tissue. This article reviews the literature regarding the use of non-invasive ventilation in patients with acute respiratory failure associated with COVID-19 and other epidemic or pandemic viral infections and the related risk of barotrauma.

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