Seed Yield of Kentucky Bluegrass as Affected by Post‐Harvest Residue Removal
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Timothy (Phleum pratense L.) is a bunch-type cool season perennial grass species grown in Manitoba primarily for seed production. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of post-harvest residue management (straw removal-SR, straw and stubble removal-SSR and fall burning-Burn) on tiller production, yield components and seed yield of five timothy cultivars (Basho, Climax, Goliath, Hokuo and Salvo), and to better understand the association between yield components and final seed yield in timothy crops grown in the dry subhumid region of the Canadian prairies. Two experiments were conducted over four production seasons at Arborg, MB and one production season at St. Claude, MB. Tiller number per m2 in spring (TS) and at harvest (THV) were measured in 1990 at St. Claude and in 1990 and 1991 at Arborg. Residue management (RM) treatment ranking for TS was Burn < SR < SSR, but tiller senescence and compensatory mechanisms resulted in equivalent THV values across all RM treatments. The number of seed-bearing tillers m−2 at harvest was also unaffected by RM. Seed yield was unaffected by RM in all instances, except at Arborg in 1989 where a significant RM × cultivar interaction was observed. The basis of the interaction was the greater sensitivity of Hokuo to the Burn treatment. Cultivar differences for seed yield were relatively consistent over years and between the two experiments, with Climax always ranking in the high yielding group and Salvo with the low yielding group. Based on analysis of yield components, it appeared that RM most affected early season growth (i.e. TS), while cultivar most affected later season growth (fertile tillers per unit area, seed yield per fertile tiller (SYFT)). Seed yield differences were most closely associated with SYFT (r2 = 0.97**) across cultivar treatments. Key words: Burning, straw removal, harvest index, yield components, forages

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Effect of post-harvest management on seed production of creeping red fescue, tall fescue, and Kentucky bluegrass in the Peace River region of north-western Canada

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/p00-129 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 81 (4) ◽

pp. 693-701 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

N. A. Fairey ◽

L. P. Lefkovitch

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Tall Fescue ◽

Seed Weight ◽

Kentucky Bluegrass ◽

Harvest Management ◽

Post Harvest ◽

Red Fescue ◽

River Region ◽

Seed Harvest ◽

Harvest Year

A field study in the Peace River region of northwestern Canada evaluated five post-harvest management (PHM) treatments on the seed yield and quality of four grasses, viz. Boreal creeping red fescue (Festuca rubra L. var. rubra), Safari and Tomahawk tall fescue (F. arundinacea Schreber), and Midnight Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.). The PHM treatments were: straw removal after seed harvest plus trimming prior to winter; a single propane burn; a double propane burn; power cultivation; and diuron applied in spring. The study was conducted for 3 consecutive harvest years. The grass × harvest year × PHM interaction was not statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05) for any of 10 characteristics, viz. panicle density, time of seed maturity, seed yield (per unit land area and per individual panicle), whole-plant yield, harvest index, seed dockage, 1000-seed weight, specific seed weight, and germination capacity. The grass × harvest year interaction was statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05) for each of the 10 characteristics, primarily because of the differential response of the bluegrass as compared to the fescue grasses. The grass × PHM interaction was statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05) for seed yield of individual panicles, harvest index, seed dockage and 1000-seed weight. The PHM × harvest year interaction was statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05) for specific seed weight only. The main effect of PHM was statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05) for specific seed weight and germination capacity only. The average annual seed yield of the two tall fescue cultivars (1002 and 1171 kg ha–1 for Safari and Tomahawk) was approximately twice that of Boreal creeping red fescue (554 kg ha–1) and four times that of Midnight Kentucky bluegrass (284 kg ha–1). At this northerly latitude (55°N), the effects of any PHM treatment on the seed productivity of these grasses may be limited by the short period of environmental conditions between seed harvest and the onset of winter that are conducive to vegetative and reproductive tiller development. Key words: Post-harvest management, propane burning, mechanical and chemical rejuvenation, grass seed yield, grass seed quality

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Kernza intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium) grain production as influenced by legume intercropping and residue management

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.1139/cjps-2018-0146 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 98 (6) ◽

pp. 1376-1379 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

C. Dick ◽

D. Cattani ◽

M.H. Entz

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

White Clover ◽

Residue Management ◽

Thinopyrum Intermedium ◽

Grain Production ◽

Sweet Clover ◽

Melilotus Officinalis ◽

Intermediate Wheatgrass ◽

Residue Removal ◽

Harvest Residue

Intermediate wheatgrass yielded 519 and 446 kg seed ha−1in years one and two after establishment. Autumn grazing increased seed yield compared with post-harvest residue removal or chopping. Inter-seeding legumes (alfalfa (Medicago sativa), sweet clover (Melilotus officinalis), and white clover (Trifolium repens) did not affect intermediate wheatgrass seed production.

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Cultivar-specific management for seed production of creeping red fescue

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/p05-016 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 86 (4) ◽

pp. 1099-1105 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

N. A. Fairey

Keyword(s):

Seed Production ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Festuca Rubra ◽

Harvest Management ◽

Post Harvest ◽

Red Fescue ◽

Residue Removal ◽

Seed Harvest ◽

Total Seed ◽

Specific Management

A study was conducted in the Peace River region of north-western Canada with three cultivars (Boreal, Jasper, Jasper E) of creeping red fescue (Festuca rubra L. var. rubra) to identify cultivar-specific management practices for seed production. Experimental treatments included four methods of establishment [Broadcast; 30-cm rows; 15-cm rows; 15-cm rows with sulfur (56 kg ha-1 SulFer 0-0-0-95)], 10 nitrogen (N as 34-0-0) fertilizer treatments, and three methods of post-harvest management prior to winter (flail mowing and residue removal; disc mowing and residue removal; short-duration, intensive grazing with sheep) plus crop residue removal at seed harvest. Total seed yield over 2 consecutive production years was greatest with 30-cm rows although a higher first-year yield was realized with 15-cm rows. In the first production year, establishment in rows produced higher seed yield than broadcasting but, in the second, the converse was true. Within-row supplementation with sulfur decreased the total seed yield over 2 yr by 7%. In the first, second and combined production years, Boreal produced 655, 372 and 1027 kg ha-1, respectively; for the corresponding production years, Jasper produced 56, 65 and 60% of Boreal, while Jasper E produced 58, 76 and 65% of Boreal. The endophyte (Neotyphodium spp. Glenn, Bacon, Price & Hanlin and Epichloe festucae Leuchtm., Schardl, & Siegel) infection of Jasper E had no consistent beneficial or detrimental effects on seed yield. For the year subsequent to the application of the post-harvest treatments, the effects of flail and disc mowing were similar (360 versus 347 kg ha-1 seed, respectively), whereas grazing reduced seed yield to 188 kg ha-1. Splitting the application of N in fall and spring resulted in similar seed yields to fall-only N. The response to N fertilizer differed for consecutive years of production; in the first production year, seed yield increased linearly over the range 38–114 kg ha-1 N, whereas in the second production year, rates in excess of 76 kg ha-1 N markedly suppressed seed yield. A fall application of 55–80 kg ha-1 N in the establishment year, and again after the seed harvest of the first production year, was sufficient to maximize the total seed yield over 2 consecutive production years. Cultivar-specific responses in seed yield to treatment interactions were too small for agronomic exploitation. Key words: Creeping red fescue, Festuca rubra, grass seed production, cultivar-specific management, establishment method, nitrogen fertility, post-harvest management

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Effect of post-harvest forestry residue management practices on the diversity of epigeal coleopterans

Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín ◽

10.15446/rfna.v70n1.61765 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 8069-8075 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Priscila Ramírez Aliaga ◽

Amanda Huerta Fuentes ◽

Jaime Eduardo Araya Clericus

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Management Practices ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Residue Management ◽

Pitfall Traps ◽

Central Chile ◽

Post Harvest ◽

Clear Cutting ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Harvest Residue

The aim of this work was to study the effect of post-harvest forestry residue management practices on the epigeal coleopterans diversity and abundance in a 1-yr old Pinus radiata plantation. Approximately 25-yr old P. radiata plantation was available, which was harvested by clear-cutting at the beginning of 2010 in Constitución, central Chile. Three post harvest residue management treatments were installed in a fully randomized design in blocks: 1) a control, where residues were intact left; 2) residue removed (> 2.5 cm diameter); and 3) burned. The coleopterans were sampled in spring and summer, using linear transects with pitfall traps. The abundance and richness, and diversity index of coleopterans were determined. A total of 23 species of 13 families were obtained. Both in the springand summer, the treatment with residues left registered significantly greater abundance and species richness. In the residue management, the practices of intact leaving residue should be considered as the least impacting on diversity and abundance of epigeal coleopterans and is recommended for creating refugee areas to promote diversity of beetles in this area of study.

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Residue management increases seed yield of three turfgrass species on the Canadian prairies

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/p01-126 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 82 (4) ◽

pp. 687-692 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

B. D. Gossen ◽

J. J. Soroka ◽

H. G. Najda

Keyword(s):

Seed Production ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Poa Pratensis ◽

Creeping Bentgrass ◽

Kentucky Bluegrass ◽

Residue Management ◽

Row Spacing ◽

Seeding Rate ◽

Canadian Prairies ◽

The Impact

Little information is available on the management of turfgrass species for seed production in the Canadian prairies. The objective of these studies was to assess the impact of residue management and row spacing on seed yield under irrigation. A factorial experiment was seeded at Saskatoon, SK, in 1993 to assess the impact of burning or scalping (very close mowing with residue removal) vs. mowing, and 20- vs. 40-cm row spacing on seed yield of Kentucky bluegrass (KBG) (Poa pratensis), creeping red fescue (CRF) (Festuca rubra subsp. rubra) and creeping bentgrass (CBG) (Agrostis palustris). Also, a residue management trial on KBG was seeded at Brooks, AB, in 1993. At Saskatoon, yield was higher at 20-cm spacing across all three species in 1994, but spacing had no impact on winter survival, stand density, tiller growth or yield in subsequent years. Burning and scalping consistently resulted in earlier spring green-up, a higher proportion of fertile tillers, and higher seed yield than mowing. Even with residue management, yield declined after one harvest in CBG and CRF, and after two harvests in KBG. At Brooks, residue management had a similar impact on yield of KBG. A second trial at Brooks examined the impact of row spacing (20, 40, 60 cm) and seeding rate (0.5 to 6 kg seed ha-1) on KBG. Seed yield was highest at 40-cm spacings in 1994, at 60 cm in 1995, and at 40 to 60 cm in 1996. Seeding rate did not have a consistent effect on yield. We conclude that a combination of residue management and 20- to 40-cm spacings provide the highest, most consistent seed yields for these turfgrass species in this region. Key words: Burning, clipping, turfgrass, seed production, row spacing, Poa, Festuca, Agrostis

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SEED YIELD RESPONSES OF THREE GRASSES TO POST-HARVEST STUBBLE REMOVAL

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps80-123 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 841-846 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

R. S. FULKERSON

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Phleum Pratense ◽

Yield Increase ◽

Post Harvest ◽

Panicle Number ◽

Highly Correlated ◽

Dactylis Glomerata L ◽

Yield Responses ◽

Seed Yields ◽

Phleum Pratense L

The effect of post-harvest stubble removal dates upon the succeeding year’s seed yield of timothy (Phleum pratense L. ’Climax’), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L. ’Frode’), and smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss. ’Saratoga’) was investigated over four harvest years. The stubble was removed each year on 15 Aug., 15 Sept., 15 Oct., 15 Aug. and 15 Sept., 10 Apr., or left uncut. The experiments were conducted under conditions of adequate soil fertility. No stubble removal treatments increased the seed production of timothy. Orchardgrass seed yields were increased by all fall removal treatments but responded best to the 15 Aug. removal. Bromegrass responded to all stubble removal treatments but produced its highest seed yield from the 15 Oct. treatment. Seed yields declined with successive years until year 5 when timothy, and particularly orchardgrass, produced a yield increase. The interaction for years × stubble removal dates was significant only for bromegrass seed yield. Seed yield was highly correlated with panicle number in all species, with weight of seed in 25 panicles in timothy and bromegrass, and with 200-seed weight in timothy.

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