SEED YIELD RESPONSES OF THREE GRASSES TO POST-HARVEST STUBBLE REMOVAL

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 841-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. FULKERSON
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

The effect of post-harvest stubble removal dates upon the succeeding year’s seed yield of timothy (Phleum pratense L. ’Climax’), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L. ’Frode’), and smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss. ’Saratoga’) was investigated over four harvest years. The stubble was removed each year on 15 Aug., 15 Sept., 15 Oct., 15 Aug. and 15 Sept., 10 Apr., or left uncut. The experiments were conducted under conditions of adequate soil fertility. No stubble removal treatments increased the seed production of timothy. Orchardgrass seed yields were increased by all fall removal treatments but responded best to the 15 Aug. removal. Bromegrass responded to all stubble removal treatments but produced its highest seed yield from the 15 Oct. treatment. Seed yields declined with successive years until year 5 when timothy, and particularly orchardgrass, produced a yield increase. The interaction for years × stubble removal dates was significant only for bromegrass seed yield. Seed yield was highly correlated with panicle number in all species, with weight of seed in 25 panicles in timothy and bromegrass, and with 200-seed weight in timothy.

EFFECT OF HERBICIDES FOR THE CONTROL OF WEEDY GRASSES ON SEED PRODUCTION OF BROMEGRASS, CRESTED WHEATGRASS AND TIMOTHY

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 817-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN WADDINGTON
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Agropyron Cristatum ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
Crested Wheatgrass ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

Herbicides for the control of annual grass weeds were applied to established seed-producing stands of bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) and crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn.) in spring each year 1979 through 1981 and to timothy (Phleum pratense L.) in 1980 and 1981. Flamprop methyl reduced seed yields in 2 years in bromegrass and in 1 year in crested wheatgrass and timothy. Diclofop methyl and difenzoquat reduced timothy and bromegrass yields, but not yields of crested wheat-grass. Diclofop methyl and flamprop methyl stunted timothy, reduced the number of seed heads formed, and delayed their maturation. Propanil reduced timothy seed yield 1 year, but did not reduce bromegrass yields. Dichlobenil had no deleterious effects.Key words: Bromus inermis, Agropyron cristatum, Phleum pratense, seed production, herbicides

NITROGENASE ACTIVITY OF ALFALFA GROWN ALONE AND IN MIXTURE WITH GRASS UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 787-791
Author(s):  
H. A. BURITY ◽  
B. E. COULMAN ◽  
M. A. FARIS
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Smooth Bromegrass ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Phleum Pratense L ◽  
Nodule Tissue

A greenhouse experiment has shown that total nitrogenase activity of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is not significantly affected when grown in association with timothy (Phleum pratense L.), smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss) or orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) except after initial harvest when decreased alfalfa activity was associated with smooth bromegrass or orchardgrass. It was concluded that mixed cultures of alfalfa with timothy, smooth bromegrass or orchardgrass have no effect on alfalfa N2 fixation. The results also suggest the occurrence of N transference from alfalfa to associated grasses. It is speculated that this transfer is not primarily due to the death of roots and nodule tissue (after harvest), but involves some degree of N excretion during the period before initial harvest.Key words: Alfalfa-grass mixtures, N2-fixation, nodule activity, N-transference

COPPER, MOLYBDENUM AND SULFUR CONTENTS OF FORAGE CROPS AT KAPUSKASING, ONTARIO

1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 685-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. LESSARD ◽  
M. HIDIROGLOU ◽  
R. B. CARSON ◽  
J. M. WAUTHY
Keyword(s):  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Reed Canarygrass ◽  
Red Fescue ◽  
Cu Content ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

Each of the species birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), timothy (Phleum pratense L.), bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) and creeping red fescue (Festuca rubra L.) was grown in the field on 10 plots sampled at weekly intervals in rotation from June 13. Each plot was resampled after 6 weeks and all samples were analyzed for copper, molybdenum and sulfur. In most species, levels of Cu and Mo were highest in the early samplings and decreased with advancing maturity. Second-cut samples tended to be higher in Cu, Mo and S than first-cut samples. The S content was more uniform in the first cycle but increased considerably in the second cycle, especially in reed canarygrass. The ranges in Cu content were 7.4 to 14.1 ppm for birdsfoot trefoil and 3.7 to 11.4 ppm for the grasses. Mo ranged from 1.9 to 8.1 ppm in birdsfoot trefoil and from 1.0 to 6.5 ppm in the grasses. The overall range in S content was from 0.14 to 0.95%. The mineral composition of the crops is discussed in relation to the requirement of ruminants for these three elements.

scholarly journals Effects of Foliar Application of Titanium on Seed Yield in Timothy (Phleum pratense L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Radkowski ◽  
Iwona Radkowska ◽  
Tadeusz Lemek
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Loess Soil ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Foliar Fertilization ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

AbstractTitanium is one of a plant biostimulators. It stimulates life processes, growth and development, as well as affects physiological and biochemical pathways, often increasing biomass production and enhancing yield. An open field experiment was conducted in the years 2011-2013 in Polanowice, Poland to investigate the effects of titanium foliar fertilization on the growth of timothy grass (Phleum pratenseL.). This single-factor, randomized block design study was performed in four replicates on research plots with the area of 10 m2each. The substrate was black loess soil (chernozem) typical for top class farmland. Titanium fertilizationvialeaf spray was performed with a water solution of Tytanit® at three doses of 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 dm3· ha−1. Foliar fertilization with the highest dose of Tytanit® significantly increased seed yield, thousand grain weight and germination capacity. Moreover, the middle dose of Tytanit® (0.4 dm3· ha−1) was enough to observe a positive effect on the sample.

Influence of post-harvest residue management and cultivar on tiller dynamics and seed yield in timothy

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Entz ◽  
S. R. Smith Jr. ◽  
D. J. Cattani ◽  
A. K. Storgaard
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Compensatory Mechanisms ◽  
Burn Treatment ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Harvest Residue

Timothy (Phleum pratense L.) is a bunch-type cool season perennial grass species grown in Manitoba primarily for seed production. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of post-harvest residue management (straw removal-SR, straw and stubble removal-SSR and fall burning-Burn) on tiller production, yield components and seed yield of five timothy cultivars (Basho, Climax, Goliath, Hokuo and Salvo), and to better understand the association between yield components and final seed yield in timothy crops grown in the dry subhumid region of the Canadian prairies. Two experiments were conducted over four production seasons at Arborg, MB and one production season at St. Claude, MB. Tiller number per m2 in spring (TS) and at harvest (THV) were measured in 1990 at St. Claude and in 1990 and 1991 at Arborg. Residue management (RM) treatment ranking for TS was Burn < SR < SSR, but tiller senescence and compensatory mechanisms resulted in equivalent THV values across all RM treatments. The number of seed-bearing tillers m−2 at harvest was also unaffected by RM. Seed yield was unaffected by RM in all instances, except at Arborg in 1989 where a significant RM × cultivar interaction was observed. The basis of the interaction was the greater sensitivity of Hokuo to the Burn treatment. Cultivar differences for seed yield were relatively consistent over years and between the two experiments, with Climax always ranking in the high yielding group and Salvo with the low yielding group. Based on analysis of yield components, it appeared that RM most affected early season growth (i.e. TS), while cultivar most affected later season growth (fertile tillers per unit area, seed yield per fertile tiller (SYFT)). Seed yield differences were most closely associated with SYFT (r2 = 0.97**) across cultivar treatments. Key words: Burning, straw removal, harvest index, yield components, forages

Оценка гибридных образцов многолетних злаковых трав в условиях Приморского края

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
Наталия Леонидовна Клочкова ◽  
Ольга Николаевна Теличко ◽  
Ольга Михайловна Скалозуб
Keyword(s):  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

Многолетние травы являются растениями многопланового использования. Изучены биологические, хозяйственно ценные признаки и свойства гибридов многолетних злаковых трав, выделены лучшие из них для использования в создании новых интенсивных сортов. Приведены данные, полученные в результате селекционной работы с многолетними травами в условиях Приморского края в 2018 – 2019 гг. В селекционных питомниках F1 изучали 4 гибридных образца тимофеевки луговой (Phleum pratense L.) и 3 гибридных образца ежи сборной (Dactylis glomerata L.). Из образцов ежи сборной по урожайности семян выделился гибридный образец № 2(II) (Дикорастущая × Аукштуоле) — превышение над стандартом составило 8,7 г/м2. По массе 1000 семян имела преимущество гибридная комбинация № 1(I) (Дикорастущая × Аукштуоле), которая превышала стандарт на 0,02 г/м2. По урожайности семян тимофеевки луговой выделились следующие гибридные образцы: Моршанская 69 × Приморская местная, Приморская местная × Нарымская. Данные образцы превзошли стандарт на 16 – 73 %. По массе 1000 семян имела преимущество гибридная комбинация Моршанская 69 × Приморская — превышение над стандартом составило 24 %. Выделившиеся гибридные образцы далее будут использованы в селекционной работе с целью создания новых сортов многолетних трав.

Grass seed yields increased with plant growth regulators and fungicides

2004 ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.P. Rolston ◽  
B.L. Mccloy ◽  
N.B. Pyke
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Gibberellic Acid Biosynthesis

Seed yields of ryegrass and tall fescue have increased rapidly over the last seven years; the best farm yields are now reaching 3000 kg/ha, up from 2000 kg/ha. These increases are largely due to the adoption of technologies developed from research funded from grower crop levies and effective technology transfer programmes. The key technologies are (1) the adoption of trinexapac ethyl (TE), a plant growth regulator that blocks gibberellic acid biosynthesis and reduces lodging; and (2) new generation triazole and strobilurin fungicides that give improved disease control and extend the period that green leaf area is maintained on crops. Seed yield data from 10 ryegrass and 6 tall fescue trials with TE, and from 13 fungicide trials are presented. The average seed yield increase in tall fescue treated with 200 g TE/ha and ryegrass with 400 g TE/ha was 67% and 50% respectively. In fungicide trials, seed yields in forage perennial ryegrass were increased by 20% and in turf ryegrass by 42%. A survey of growers indicated 95% of ryegrass growers and 100% of tall fescue growers had adopted the use of TE three years after the commercial release of the product. Keywords: fungicides, plant growth regulators, ryegrass, seed yield, strobilurin, tall fescue, triazole, trinexapac

YIELD AND COMPOSITION OF MONOCULTURES AND MIXTURES OF BROMEGRASS, ORCHARDGRASS AND TIMOTHY

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. COULMAN
Keyword(s):  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Forage Grass ◽  
Weed Invasion ◽  
The Third ◽  
Binary And Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Percent Composition ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

The objectives of this study were (a) to determine the relative yielding ability of binary and ternary mixtures of bromegrass (Brotnus inermis Leyss.), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), and timothy (Phleum pratense L.); and (b) determine the relative competitiveness of the three species in mixtures. Two experiments were established in 1981 and 1982 and each evaluated for three consecutive production years. Bromegrass was the highest yielding monoculture in both experiments, followed by timothy, with orchardgrass being the lowest. Among mixtures, bromegrass-timothy was the highest yielding and orchardgrass-timothy the lowest. Yields of mixtures generally fell between the yields of the monocultures of the component species. There were, however, two examples of mixtures significantly (P = 0.05) outyielding their highest yielding component monoculture. For the bromegrass-timothy mixture there was a trend towards higher yields than the bromegrass monoculture in the second and third years. Mixtures were generally more competitive against weed invasion than were monocultures. In mixtures, orchardgrass was usually the most competitive of the three species, with its percent composition increasing substantially by the end of the third production year. Bromegrass was intermediate in competitiveness, increasing in percent composition in mixtures with timothy, but decreasing in mixtures with orchardgrass. Timothy was the least competitive, decreasing markedly in all mixtures, particularly those which included orchardgrass.Key words: Orchardgrass, bromegrass, timothy, forage grass mixtures, interspecific competition

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