Cropping System and Type of Pig Manure Affect Nitrate-Nitrogen Leaching in a Sandy Loam Soil

Maintenance of soil quality is considered to be the key to attain sustainability in agricultural production and thus to achieve food security. In this study we tried to answer a research question as to whether integrated application of inorganic and organic sources of nutrients can maintain productivity and soil quality in rice-rice cropping system. To address this, total 27 physical, chemical (including organic C and soil fertility parameters) and biological (including enzyme activities) properties of an acidic sandy loam soil, which were subjected to different nutrient management (NM) practices for nine years of rice-rice cropping under submergence in subtropical India were critically assessed. Seven NM practices comprised of organic [farmyard manure (FYM)], inorganic fertilizers (sources of N, P, K, S, Zn, and B) and some of their combinations were tested using randomized complete block design with four replications. Integrated use of inorganic fertilizers (NPK) and organic manure (FYM) sustained productivity of rice-rice cropping system and aggraded soil quality as compared to only inorganic fertilizers even with inclusion of S, Zn and B. The NPK+FYM was superior among the NM practices to improve physical, chemical and biological properties of soil. Cation exchange capacity, non-exchangeable K and microbial biomass C were screened as the most sensitive attributes for assessing soil quality. Although the present study demonstrated the positive influence of integrated NM, application of even 80-17.5-50 kg N-P-K along with 5 Mg FYM ha-1 in each rice season failed to maintain total K content in soil. This suggested for readjustment of dose of inorganic fertilizers and organic manure and their application schedule for adequate replenishment of K in acidic sandy loam soil under rice-rice cropping in subtropical climate.

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Modeling of nitrogen leaching by using urea fertilizer in sandy loam soil

Microorganisms in Industry and Environment ◽

10.1142/9789814322119_0017 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Khalil Ajdary ◽

Hamid Zare Abianeh

Keyword(s):

Sandy Loam ◽

Nitrogen Leaching ◽

Sandy Loam Soil ◽

Urea Fertilizer ◽

Loam Soil

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Covariance of cropping systems and foxtail density as predictors of weed interference

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500093036 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 388-396 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Milton E. McGiffen ◽

Frank Forcella ◽

Michael J. Lindstrom ◽

Donald C. Reicosky

Keyword(s):

Sandy Loam ◽

Cropping System ◽

Sandy Loam Soil ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

Average Weight ◽

Corn Yield ◽

Weed Density ◽

Weed Interference ◽

Wide Range ◽

Loam Soil

Regression models of the effect of weed density on crop yield can form the basis of weed management programs by helping growers decide whether weed control is economically justified. However, few studies have examined whether one regression model can be used across a wide range of tillage systems and crop rotations. We used a nonlinear analysis of covariance to examine experiments conducted in 1990 and 1991 on the interaction of weed interference with conventional, fall chisel, and no-till systems, and rotations of corn, soybean, and wheat on a clay loam soil. Corn and soybean suffered heavy losses due to interference by green foxtail (a mixed population of robust purple and robust white varieties). Both tillage system and crop rotation altered the relationship between weed density and yield for corn in 1990 and 1991, but tillage was not a factor for soybean in 1991. Companion experiments on a sandy loam soil found no relationship between weed density and dryland corn yield in the drought year 1990, but weed density greatly decreased yield in irrigated corn. In 1991, the same model fit both dryland and irrigated corn grown in sandy loam soil. Foxtail density did not affect average weight per foxtail plant in any of our experiments, which indicates a lack of intraspecific competition. Competitiveness of corn better explained variation in dry weight per foxtail than did weather. Economic thresholds for foxtail interference are not constant but vary with weather, cropping system, and soil type.

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Effect of Animal Waste Based Digestate Fertilization on Soil Microbial Activities, Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Spring Wheat Productivity in Loam and Sandy Loam Soil

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11071281 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1281

Author(s):

Modupe Olufemi Doyeni ◽

Ausra Baksinskaite ◽

Skaidre Suproniene ◽

Vita Tilvikiene

Keyword(s):

Spring Wheat ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Crop Productivity ◽

Sandy Loam Soil ◽

Chicken Manure ◽

Soil Types ◽

Pig Manure ◽

Microbial Activities ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Loam Soil

The increasing quantities of organic residues are becoming one of the most important problems for climate change mitigation. Sustainable utilization technologies are required to minimize the effect of recycling on the environment. Nevertheless, treated residues should be part of the circular bioeconomy. One of the most promising processes is the biogas system, with the final products biogas and digestate, which contain valuable nutrients and are therefore suitable as agricultural fertilizers. However, there is lack of research data on the effectiveness of digestate on environmental factors including soil quality as well as crop productivity and quality. In this study, we compare the roles of different digestates (chicken manure digestate, cow manure digestate, and pig manure digestate) on spring wheat productivity, soil microbial activities, and greenhouse gas emissions in loam and sandy loam soil under controlled climate conditions. The liquid digestate applied was equivalent to 170 kg N ha−1 of total N presented. Overall, results showed that the two soil types responded differently to the addition of the digestates, and the benefits depended on soil characteristics as well as on the type of the digestate applied. There was a higher effect on soil microbial activity in sandy loam soil compared to that of loam soil. Chicken manure digestate had the highest value of dehydrogenase activity and soil microbial biomass C of 9.23 µg TPFg−1 h−1 and 175.6 µg g−1 across the two soil types. CO2 and N2O emissions were moderately higher in loam soil when compared to that of sandy loam soil. The highest CO2 peak emission at 0.0107 µg ha−1 h−1 occurred in pig manure digestate in the sandy loam soil, and regular peak patterns observed in loam soil fertilized with pig digestate manure. Chicken manure digestate had the highest peak emissions across both soil types at 0.007950 mg ha−1 h−1 and 0.5667 mg ha−1 h−1 in the loam and sandy loam soil, respectively. The biomass yield varied across the soil types irrespective of the digestate applied. The agricultural benefits of digestates in different receiving soil ecosystems supplying essential nutrients for crop productivity, coupled with its environmental benefits, makes it an encouraging prospect in temperate climate zones.

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Nitrous oxide emissions as affected by liquid and solid pig manures applied to annual and perennial forage crops on a sandy loam soil

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.1139/cjss-2015-0052 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 96 (4) ◽

pp. 361-371 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Paligwendé Nikièma ◽

O.O. Akinremi ◽

M. Tenuta

Keyword(s):

Nitrous Oxide ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Sandy Loam Soil ◽

Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽

Pig Manure ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Forage Crops ◽

Manure Application ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Loam Soil

Emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O-N) from manure applied to annual crop (AC) and perennial forage (PF) are poorly quantified for the Canadian Prairie Region. This study used static chambers over two growing seasons to assess soil N2O-N emissions from solid pig manure (SPM) and liquid pig manure (LPM) in AC and PF systems on a sandy loam soil. In 2011, when manure application coincided with hot and wet soil conditions, both manure treatments in AC induced N2O-N emission episodes a week later. In the PF, however, only LPM resulted in an N2O-N emission peak after 8 d. In 2012, manure application did not coincide with hot and wet soil conditions, and emission rates were smaller. Overall, the effect of manure type was inconsistent. In 2011, cumulative emissions in AC from LPM and SPM were 5.8 and 7.8 kg N2O-N ha−1, respectively, and in PF were 10.7 and 0.6 kg N2O-N ha−1, respectively. In 2012, cumulative emissions were <1 kg N2O-N ha−1, except LPM in PF. In 2011, LPM had significantly higher emission factor (EF ≍ 7%) than SPM (≤0.2%) in both AC and PF, whereas in 2012 manure type had no effect on EF (≍ 0). Over the two growing seasons and across manure types, EF did not differ between AC and PF. These results suggest that SPM would reduce N2O-N emission relative to LPM when conditions favor intense denitrification.

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