Coastal Plain Soils of Southeastern Nigeria: II. Forms of Extractable Iron, Aluminum, and Phosphorus

1986 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Lekwa ◽  
E. P. Whiteside
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Iron Aluminum ◽  
Extractable Iron

SESQUIOXIDE-CEMENTED SOIL HORIZONS IN NORTHERN QUEBEC: THEIR DISTRIBUTION, PROPERTIES AND GENESIS

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. MOORE
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Soil Horizons ◽  
Amorphous Iron ◽  
Far North ◽  
Cemented Soil ◽  
North Shore ◽  
Iron Aluminum ◽  
Extractable Iron

Cemented subsoil horizons are observed in soils along the St. Lawrence North Shore, as far north as Esker. Cementation is mostly strongly developed at depths of 30–90 cm in freely drained soils of sand texture containing large amounts of amphibole minerals. The cemented horizons contain generally small quantities of extractable iron, aluminum and organic matter, though larger than their non-cemented counterparts. A slaking experiment indicates that amorphous iron and aluminum are the main cementing agents. Three hypotheses for the genesis of these cemented horizons are examined; it is proposed that iron and aluminum are released in the Ae horizon, translocated in a basically inorganic form, and precipitated in the B horizons as cementing agents. Study of a chronosequence of soils suggests that 5,000–6,000 yr are required for the formation of strong cementation. The new chemical criteria established for the Podzolic Order of the Canadian Classification System work well in these soils.

scholarly journals Modeling of Permanent Wilting from Particle Size Fractions of Coastal Plain Sands Soils in Southeastern Nigeria

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinedu Innocent Obi ◽  
Jude C. Obi ◽  
Emmanuel U. Onweremadu
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Coarse Sand ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Size Fractions ◽  
Particle Size Fractions ◽  
Permanent Wilting Point ◽  
Wilting Point

Permanent wilting points in soils have been found to correlate significantly with particle size fractions. This study was conducted to establish functional relationship between soil particle size fractions and permanent wilting point of soils of coastal plain sands in southeastern Nigeria. A total of 102 surface samples were collected from three different dominantly Ultisols toposequences (i.e., 34 samples from each). Permanent wilting point experiment was carried out in pots with the 102 samples in the greenhouse while the particle size analysis was carried out in the laboratory. There was significant correlation among the textural separates, permanent wilting point correlated significantly with clay (, ). The general linear model showed significant differences between permanent wilting point of soils found in the upper and lower slope positions. Regression equation established that 54% of the total variation in permanent wilting point could be accounted for by the clay and coarse sand content of the soils. Prediction of permanent wilting point of Ultisols formed on coastal plain sands soils of humid tropical southeastern Nigeria will effectively depend on reliability of determination of clay and coarse sand contents of the soils.

scholarly journals Local Geology, Shear Strength Properties and Bearing Capacity of Coastal Plain Sands in Uyo Metropolis, Akwa-Ibom State, Southeastern Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Abidemi Olujide Ilori ◽  
Charles Etim Akpan Uko ◽  
Ini Christopher Umoh
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Shear Failure ◽  
Field Method ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Shearing Resistance ◽  
Compressible Soil ◽  
Depth Of Investigation

The Bearing capacity of the soil within Uyo metropolis in South-Eastern State of Akwa Ibom was investigated in this study. The soil belongs to Coastal Plain Sand often called the Benin Formation in the geology of Niger Delta. Both Field and Laboratory methods were employed in the study. The field method consisted of Cone Penetration Test (CPT) with a 2.5 ton Dutch Guada cone penetrometer, and the Light weight penetrometer LRS 10. For the CPT, depth of investigation was refusal depth which varies from about 9.0 m to 20.0 m. The depth of investigation by the LRS 10 was not more than 6.0 m. The direct parameter the LRS 10 evaluates is the relative density. Soil sounding with the LRS 10 indicated for all the sites a ‘loose to medium’ consistency. No dense or very dense stratum was encountered. The Laboratory method employed was the Direct shear box tests This was used to determine the cohesive property and angle of shearing resistance of the soil, that is the C- ∅ property. The cohesion varies very widely; with a value ranging from a zero value to 54 kN/m2. The angle of shearing resistance ranges from 8º to 30.7º, with more than ninety percent falling below 28º, indicating a highly compressible soil that is prone to local shear failure. Ultimate bearing capacities are as low as 100.93 kN/m2 and as high as 571.1 kN/m2. Settlement associated with safe bearing pressure estimated from CPT data ranged from 0.35 cm to 3.89 cm. while that from laboratory gives lesser values, thereby making that from the field value conservative.

scholarly journals Evaluation of soils on a toposequence formed from the coastal plain sands of the Imo river basin, Southeastern Niger

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Madueke C.O ◽  
Nnabude P.C. ◽  
Okore I.K ◽  
Onunwa A.O. ◽  
Madueke E.C. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Soil Color ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Land Capability ◽  
Agricultural Yield ◽  
Upper Slope

Due to the increasing land degradation in southeastern Nigeria – with particular reference to the ubiquitous gully network in the region – selected soils formed from the Coastal Plain Sands of the Imo River Basin were evaluated and characterized to determine their potentials and capabilities. , Three profile pits were consequently dug on the upper slope (Umuariam), -mid-slope (Umulogho), and foot slope (Umungwa) of three towns on the Imo River Basin underlain by the coastal plain sands. The soil color ranged from greyish brown (5 YR 5/2) to dull brown (7.5 YR 5/3) in the topsoil and from dull orange (5 YR 6/4) to orange (5 YR 6/7) in the subsoil. The soils had sandy topsoil and relatively more clayey subsoil. The pH (in KCl) ranged from very strongly acidic (4.5 – 5.0) to moderately acidic (5.1 – 6.0). They had low organic matter, low total nitrogen, low ECEC, low Al saturation, and moderate base saturation. The soils of Umuariam (Upper Slope) and Umulogho (Mid Slope) were classified as Typic Hapludults (Chromic Acrisols), while that of Umungwa (Foot Slope) was classified as Typic Udipsamments (Rubic Arenosols). Umuariam had a USDA land capability class of IIes and a USBR land capability class of 2v/C. Umulogho and Umungwa both had a USDA and USBR capability class of IVs and 3v/C respectively. Though moderately to marginally irrigable, the soils can still produce increased and sustainable agricultural yield if the appropriate land use and husbandry practices are adopted, with particular reference to erosion control, organic manure, lime, and fertilizer application.

scholarly journals Numerical classification and digital mapping of coastal plain sands of Southeastern Nigeria

Agro-Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
J.C. Obi ◽  
I.B. Udoh ◽  
F.R. Adefila ◽  
U.E. Brownson
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Mapping Technique ◽  
Regression Kriging ◽  
Soil Series ◽  
Digital Technique ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Digital Mapping ◽  
Terrain Attributes

The study classified the coastal plain sands of south-eastern Nigeria at the series level and modeled the classification using digital terrain attributes. The study utilized 72 secondary and 12 primary profile pits data generated from 24 and 4 locations (at 3 per location) for classification/modelling and validation respectively. The three profile pits per location represents the three topographic positions of upper, middle and lower slopes. Digital elevation model was also utilized for the generation of terrain attributes. Soil morphological characteristics were coded for suitability in statistical analysis. Hierarchical clustering was utilized in the grouping of the soil into 17 homogeneous groups referred to as soil series. Regression kriging was used to model the predicted soil series within the area covered by coastal plain sands in Akwa Ibom State. The variables that could be used in the modelling of the different classified soil series include Sand Content, aspect, flow accumulation, compound topographic index (CTI), elevation, hill shade, slope, curvature, flow direction, stream power index (SPI), profile curvature, tangential curvature (R2 = 0.21).Out of the 17 soil series classified, 14 was successfully mapped using digital technique. It was observed that 66.7% of the classified soil series were accurately predicted using digital mapping technique. The classifications carried out numerically made use of morphological discrete variables whereas digital used empirically determined continuous variables which could be more accurate. Therefore it could be inferred that the digitally produced soil  classification is more accurate and 14 soil series could be identified and mapped in the study area. Key words: pedogenesis, digital soil mapping, soil series, hierarchical clusters, regression kriging

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