A Comprehensive Framework for Modeling Soil Genesis

2015 ◽  
pp. 77-89
Author(s):  
E.R. Levine ◽  
R.G. Knox
Keyword(s):  
Soil Genesis ◽  
Comprehensive Framework

Dynamic Pedogenesis: New Views on Some Key Soil Concepts, and a Model for Interpreting Quaternary Soils

1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Johnson ◽  
E. A. Keller ◽  
T. K. Rockwell
Keyword(s):  
Open Systems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soil Genesis ◽  
Soil Evolution ◽  
Wetting And Drying ◽  
Parent Materials ◽  
Mass Fluxes ◽  
Soil Wetting ◽  
Comprehensive Framework ◽  
Geomorphic Surfaces

AbstractInasmuch as soils are open systems and rarely, if ever, achieve equilibrium with their environments, it is philosophically sound to view all soils as expressing varying levels of polygenesis as that term has been redefined. Soil genesis and resultant morphology may then be viewed in a comprehensive framework of soil evolution that consists of two linked pathways, one developmental and the other regressive, that reflect interactions of both exogenous and endogenous vectors (vectors are factors, processes, and conditions of pedogenesis). Following this philosophy, a model of pedogenesis is framed in an evolutional paradigm that emphasizes the integrated effects of dynamic and passive pedogenic vectors in directing pathways and in controlling rates of soil genesis through time. The dynamic vectors include energy and mass fluxes, frequencies of soil wetting and drying, water table dynamics, organisms, feedback processes, and pedoturbation. The passive vectors include parent materials, soil chemical environment, stability of geomorphic surfaces, and various evolved soil properties and conditions (accessions). Both sets of vectors vary spatially, and the dynamic vectors, more so than passive vectors, fluctuate through time. The model is expressed as S=f(D,P,dD/dt,dD/dt) where S is the state of the soil or degree of profile evolution, D is the set of dynamic vectors, P is the set of passive vectors, and dD/dt and dP/dt denote change through time t. The model helps explain the apparent minimal development and regressed character of some old soils and the rapid and strong development of some young ones.

Communicating the Value of Design

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
George Edward TORRENS ◽  
Nicholas Samuel JOHNSON ◽  
Ian STORER
Keyword(s):  
Design Decision ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Product Packaging ◽  
Sorting Method ◽  
Packaging Design ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Modified Delphi ◽  
Fast Moving Consumer Goods ◽  
Comprehensive Framework

Product packaging design is often produced through the practical application of tacit knowledge, rule of thumb and professional connoisseurship. Stakeholders are becoming increasingly demanding that design practitioners provide clarity of reasoning and accountability for their design proposals. Therefore, a better framework for the design of fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) is required. This paper proposes a comprehensive taxonomy of ‘design considerations’ to assist the development of low involvement FMCG packaging and aid in rationale communication for design solutions. 302 academic sources were reviewed, inductive content analysis performed to code topics and output validation with academic and industry experts (n=9) through a modified-Delphi card sorting method. The research provides movement towards a comprehensive framework and common dialogue between stakeholders, practitioners and managers to assist in more effectively communicating the value that design can offer to FMCGs. The constructed taxonomy provides a set of 156 ‘design considerations’ to support in objective and informed design decision-making.

Creating autonomous learners in the teaching of English as a second language (ESL) in Zimbabwean secondary schools : a reality or a myth?

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-132
Author(s):  
Rungamirai Matiure ◽  
Erick Nyoni
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Second Language ◽  
Multiple Case Study ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Learner Autonomy ◽  
Case Study Design ◽  
Midlands Province ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Comprehensive Framework

This study explored the utility of the learner autonomy concept in the Zimbabwean O Level English as a Second Language (ESL) classroom focusing on three Gweru urban high schools of the Midlands Province. The researchers intended to establish whether learner autonomy was a reality or just a myth in Zimbabwean classrooms. A qualitative multiple case study design was applied focusing on teaching strategies, availability of resources, challenges faced and ways of optimising it. Questionnaires and document analysis were used for data collection. The findings revealed that the concept did not manifest in explicit terms, the learners did not participate in decision making, and the teachers were not adequately prepared to administer autonomous processes with students. For it to be a reality, the Education Ministry is recommended to establish a comprehensive framework of how autonomous learning should be implemented. Teacher training should explicitly focus on how to develop autonomous learners. Teachers ought to be flexible enough to accommodate learners' contributions towards their learning.

L'Évolution des Sols (Soil Genesis)

1969 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. iv-iv
Author(s):  
F. D. Hole
Keyword(s):  
Soil Genesis

A Comprehensive Framework for Quantitative Stress Tests in Financial Institutions

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Takano ◽  
Jiro Hashiba ◽  
Rintaro Anraku ◽  
Ryuichi Sato ◽  
Sakae Mizuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
Comprehensive Framework ◽  
Quantitative Stress

Cultural Accommodation of Internet-Based Interventions for Substance Use and Related Disorders: A Proposed Comprehensive Framework (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keren Gueta ◽  
Yossi Harel-Fisch ◽  
Sophie D. Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Service Engagement ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cultural Accommodation ◽  
Abuse Treatment ◽  
Comprehensive Framework

BACKGROUND Despite the low utilization rates of substance use and related disorders services, and the ability of internet-based interventions for substance use and related disorders (IBIS) to address challenges related to service engagement, limited attention has been placed on the processes for the accommodation of these interventions to diverse cultural settings. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to develop a conceptual framework for the cultural accommodation of IBIS across populations, settings, and countries. METHODS A pilot study of cultural accommodation of an existing internet intervention for alcohol use (Down Your Drink (DYD)), focus groups and daily online surveys of prospective consumers (N=24) and interviews with experts (N=7) in the substance abuse treatment field were conducted. RESULTS Thematic analysis revealed a wide range of themes identified as needing to be addressed in the process of DYD accommodation. It also emphasized that accommodation needs to incorporate both technical and contents themes, shaped by both the general Israeli cultural as well as by the specific Israeli drinking subculture. A combined mixed emic–etic theoretical approach incorporating the pilot findings together with a scoping literature review was employed to develop a framework for cultural accommodation of IBIS. A comprehensive framework for cultural accommodation of IBIS is introduced consisting of five chronological stages of IBIS accommodation and four dimensions of accommodation. CONCLUSIONS The proposed framework can serve as a guide for the cultural accommodation of existing IBIS across a diverse range of cultural and geographical settings thus augmenting the ecological validity of IBIS and reducing health disparities worldwide.

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