Global Financial Services: An Empirical Study of American Depositary Receipts from Emerging Asian Stock Markets

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Samant
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Stock Markets ◽  
American Depositary Receipts ◽  
Depositary Receipts

scholarly journals Risk-Adjusted Returns of American Depositary Receipts on Chinese and Indian Stocks

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onur Arugaslan ◽  
Ajay Samant
Keyword(s):  
Stock Markets ◽  
Systematic Risk ◽  
Portfolio Theory ◽  
Evaluation Metrics ◽  
American Depositary Receipts ◽  
Total Risk ◽  
Modern Portfolio Theory ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
Global Investors ◽  
Depositary Receipts

This study evaluates the risk-adjusted performance of American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) on shares of stock of Chinese and Indian fi rms. The first part of the study examines the nature of Chinese and Indian ADRs (based on depositary bank, sponsorship status, industry classification and listing). The second part of the study evaluates the performance of these ADRs using statistical measures grounded in modern portfolio theory. Returns are adjusted for the degree of total risk and systematic risk inherent in each ADR, and the securities are then ranked on the basis of risk-adjusted performance. Two relatively new evaluation metrics, the Modigliani and Sortino measures, are used. The objective of the study is to provide documentation to global investors who are contemplating participation in Chinese and Indian stock markets via depositary receipts.  

scholarly journals International Financial Integration through Depositary Receipts (DRs)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 301-322
Author(s):  
Obiyathulla Ismath Bacha ◽  
Norhazlina Ibrahim ◽  
Mansor H. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Stock Markets ◽  
Financial Integration ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Equity Capital ◽  
American Depositary Receipts ◽  
Home Equity ◽  
International Financial Integration ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Depositary Receipts

The issue of liquidity and underdevelopment of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) stock markets has caused problems to companies in those countries that seek higher equity capital. One way out of this problem is to employ international markets more intensively by seeking cheaper cost of capital through Depositary Receipts (DRs). Many studies on DRs focused on emerging and developed countries, leaving many OIC countries behind. Thus, this study investigates the financial implication by examining the integration of returns of local and foreign stock markets via American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) and Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs) of OIC countries. Techniques employed in this study are cointegration and the speed of adjustments to examine the existence of integration between the local and foreign stock markets. The study covers a sample of 146 firms from 17 OIC countries that are cross-listed as ADRs or GDRs from 1992 to 2011. The findings show mixed results when some markets provide evidence of integration while others show evidence of segmentation. The study on the integration between DR and home equity markets has practical implications for both the international as well as domestic investors especially on portfolio selection, asset pricing and risk management

scholarly journals Risk-Return Dynamics of Cross-listed Stocks

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 294
Author(s):  
Ming Jing Yang
Keyword(s):  
Stock Markets ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Home Bias ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
American Depositary Receipts ◽  
International Capital Markets ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
International Portfolios ◽  
Depositary Receipts ◽  
Return Dynamics

Since US has been playing a leading role in global economy and technology, any major price changes in the American stock market may affect other stock markets worldwide. The American Depositary Receipts (ADRs), being the substitutes for the foreign securities, provide American investors with appealing investment opportunities to form international portfolios and to achieve the international diversification benefits. These stocks cross-listed on different exchanges not only assist corporations in raising capital abroad, but also provide a better channel for firms to search for price efficiency across the international capital markets. Consequently, the objective of this study is to examine the risk and return dynamics between ADRs and their underlying securities. The empirical results of this study indicate that the mean and volatility spillover effects and information transmission between ADRs and their underlying securities are bi-directional for the Taiwanese securities, but uni-directional (from the underlying securities to their ADRs) for the Chinese securities. Furthermore, while the international center hypothesis and the home bias hypothesis are both supported for the Taiwanese securities cross-listed in US stock markets, this study also provides evidence more in favor of the home bias hypothesis for the Chinese ADRs and their underlying securities.

Audit Quality of Chinese ADR Engagements

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aloke (Al) Ghosh ◽  
Elisabeth Peltier ◽  
Cunyu Xing
Keyword(s):  
Audit Quality ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Foreign Firms ◽  
American Depositary Receipts ◽  
Reverse Mergers ◽  
Chinese Companies ◽  
Big 4 ◽  
Depositary Receipts

SYNOPSIS The controversy over Chinese reverse mergers has led to concerns about the audit quality of all U.S.-listed Chinese companies. Because a sizeable number of foreign firms cross-list their shares as American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) issued by U.S. depositary banks (as opposed to direct listings), we study how auditors have managed their audits of Chinese ADRs. Our motivation for examining Chinese ADRs is based on the findings that cross-listing via the ADR process is beneficial for U.S. shareholders. We find that relative to ADRs from countries other than China, and relative to directly listed Chinese companies, Chinese ADRs are more likely to be associated with a Big 4 auditor and are less likely to restate prior-period financial statements. We also find that Chinese ADRs pay significantly higher fees than other emerging market ADRs and Chinese direct-listings. Collectively, these results suggest high audit quality for Chinese ADRs, which is in sharp contrast to the Chinese direct-listing results. Using Tobin's Q as a measure of market value, we find that the stock market rewards Chinese ADRs, indicating that investors incorporate the benefits of higher audit quality when evaluating Chinese ADRs.

COVID -19 and Indian Financial Markets: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Kamaldeep Kaur Sarna
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Stock Markets ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
The Impact

COVID-19 is aptly stated as a Black Swan event that has stifled the global economy. As coronavirus wreaked havoc, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) contracted globally, unemployment rate soared high, and economic recovery still seems a far-fetched dream. Most importantly, the pandemic has set up turbulence in the global financial markets and resulted in heightened risk elements (market risk, credit risk, bank runs etc.) across the globe. Such uncertainty and volatility has not been witnessed since the Global Financial Crisis of 2008. The spread of COVID-19 has largely eroded investors’ confidence as the stock markets neared lifetimes lows, bad loans spiked and investment values degraded. Due to this, many turned their backs on the risk-reward trade off and carted their money towards traditionally safer investments like gold. While the banking sector remains particularly vulnerable, central banks have provided extensive loan moratoriums and interest waivers. Overall, COVID-19 resulted in a short term negative impact on the financial markets in India, though it is making a way towards V-shaped recovery. In this context, the present paper attempts to identify and evaluate the impact of the pandemic on the financial markets in India. Relying on rich literature and live illustrations, the influence of COVID-19 is studied on the stock markets, banking and financial institutions, private equities, and debt funds. The paper covers several recommendations so as to bring stability in the financial markets. The suggestions include, but are not limited to, methods to regularly monitor results, establishing a robust mechanism for risk management, strategies to reduce Non-Performing Assets, continuous assessment of stress and crisis readiness of the financial institutions etc. The paper also emphasizes on enhancing the role of technology (Artificial Intelligence and Virtual/Augmented Reality) in the financial services sector to optimize the outcomes and set the path towards recovery.

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