scholarly journals The Impact of Sleep Restriction on Contributions and Punishment: First Evidence

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Edmund Clark ◽  
David L. Dickinson
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
The Impact

043 Sleep Restriction Affects Memory in Healthy Adults: Preliminary Findings

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A18-A19
Author(s):  
Molly Zimmerman ◽  
Christiane Hale ◽  
Adam Brickman ◽  
Lok-Kin Yeung ◽  
Justin Cochran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
Neuropsychological Function ◽  
Wake Time ◽  
Sleep Condition ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction Sleep loss has a range of detrimental effects on cognitive ability. However, few studies have examined the impact of sleep restriction on neuropsychological function using an experimental design. The goal of this study was to examine the extent to which maintained insufficient sleep affects cognition in healthy adults compared to habitual adequate sleep. Methods This study used a randomized, crossover, outpatient sleep restriction design. Adults who regularly slept at least 7 h/night, verified by 2 weeks of screening with actigraphy, completed 2 phases of 6 weeks each: habitual sleep (>7 h of sleep/night) or sleep restriction (habitual sleep minus 1.5 h) separated by a 6-week washout period. During the sleep restriction phase, participants were asked to delay their bedtime by 1.5 hours/night while maintaining their habitual wake time. Neuropsychological function was evaluated with the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery at baseline (week 0) and endpoint (week 6) of each intervention phase. The NIH Toolbox evaluates a range of cognitive abilities, including attention, executive functioning, and working memory. General linear models with post hoc paired t-tests were used to assess demographically-adjusted test scores prior to and following each sleep condition. Results At the time of analyses, 16 participants were enrolled (age 34.5□14.5 years, 9 women), 10 of whom had completed study procedures. An interaction between sleep condition and testing session revealed that individuals performed worse on List Sorting, a working memory test, after sleep restriction but improved slightly after habitual sleep (p<0.001). While not statistically reliable, the pattern of test results was similar on the other tests of processing speed, executive function, and attention. Conclusion In these preliminary results from this randomized experimental study, we demonstrated that sleep restriction has a negative impact while stable habitual adequate sleep has a positive impact on working memory, or the ability to temporarily hold information in mind while executing task demands. This finding contributes to our understanding of the complex interplay between different aspects of sleep quality (i.e., both sleep restriction as well as the maintenance of stable sleep patterns) on cognition and underscores the importance of routine sleep screening as part of medical evaluations. Support (if any):

The Impact of Sleep Restriction on Daytime Functioning in School-Age Children With and Without ADHD: A Narrative Review of the Literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Davidson ◽  
Benjamin Rusak ◽  
Christine Chambers ◽  
Penny Corkum
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Daytime Functioning ◽  
Insufficient Sleep ◽  
Cognition And Emotion ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this narrative review was to synthesize the existing literature on the impact of sleep on daytime functioning in both typically developing (TD) children and children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Correlational studies in children suggest that insufficient sleep and impaired daytime functioning are significantly associated; however, this does not address the causal relationships between sleep and daytime functioning. The review results indicated that there is limited experimental sleep manipulation research in children. In the eight studies that employed experimental methods to examine sleep restriction, the consequences of insufficient sleep were greatest for attention and inconsistent for other domains, such as cognition and emotion regulation. Despite the significant co-occurrence of ADHD and sleep problems, the experimental sleep research focused on the daytime impact of shorter sleep in children with ADHD is extremely limited and as such more research is needed.

scholarly journals The impact of five nights of sleep restriction on emotional reactivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Tempesta ◽  
Federico Salfi ◽  
Luigi De Gennaro ◽  
Michele Ferrara
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Impact of sleep restriction on local immune response and skin barrier restoration with and without “multinutrient” nutrition intervention

2018 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracey J. Smith ◽  
Marques Wilson ◽  
J. Philip Karl ◽  
Jeb Orr ◽  
Carl Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
Wound Fluid ◽  
Nutrition Supplementation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Supplemental Nutrients

Systemic immune function is impaired by sleep restriction. However, the impact of sleep restriction on local immune responses and to what extent any impairment can be mitigated by nutritional supplementation is unknown. We assessed the effect of 72-h sleep restriction (2-h nightly sleep) on local immune function and skin barrier restoration of an experimental wound, and determined the influence of habitual protein intake (1.5 g·kg−1·day−1) supplemented with arginine, glutamine, zinc sulfate, vitamin C, vitamin D3, and omega-3 fatty acids compared with lower protein intake (0.8 g·kg−1·day−1) without supplemental nutrients on these outcomes. Wounds were created in healthy adults by removing the top layer of less than or equal to eight forearm blisters induced via suction, after adequate sleep (AS) or 48 h of a 72-h sleep restriction period (SR; 2-h nightly sleep). A subset of participants undergoing sleep restriction received supplemental nutrients during and after sleep restriction (SR+). Wound fluid was serially sampled 48 h postblistering to assess local cytokine responses. The IL-8 response of wound fluid was higher for AS compared with SR [area-under-the-curve (log10), 5.1 ± 0.2 and 4.9 ± 0.2 pg/ml, respectively; P = 0.03]; and both IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations were higher for SR+ compared with SR ( P < 0.0001), suggestive of a potentially enhanced early wound healing response. Skin barrier recovery was shorter for AS (4.2 ± 0.9 days) compared with SR (5.0 ± 0.9 days) ( P = 0.02) but did not differ between SR and SR+ ( P = 0.18). Relatively modest sleep disruption delays wound healing. Supplemental nutrition may mitigate some decrements in local immune responses, without detectable effects on wound healing rate. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The data herein characterizes immune function in response to sleep restriction in healthy volunteers with and without nutrition supplementation. We used a unique skin wound model to show that sleep restriction delays skin barrier recovery, and nutrition supplementation attenuates decrements in local immune responses produced by sleep restriction. These findings support the beneficial effects of adequate sleep on immune function. Additional studies are necessary to characterize practical implications for populations where sleep restriction is unavoidable.

scholarly journals 0939 Anxiety Symptoms Moderate the Effects of Sleep Loss on Children’s Emotions

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A357-A357
Author(s):  
C A Alfano ◽  
J Bower ◽  
A Harvey ◽  
D Beidel ◽  
C Sharp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Sleep Loss ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Inadequate Sleep

Abstract Introduction An abundance of cross-sectional research links inadequate sleep with poor emotional health, but experimental studies in children are rare. Further, the impact of sleep loss is not uniform across individuals, and pre-existing anxiety might potentiate the effects of poor sleep on children’s emotional functioning. Methods N=53 children (mean age 9.0 years; 56% female) completed multi-modal, emotional assessments in the lab when rested and after two nights of sleep restriction (7h and 6h in bed, respectively). Sleep was monitored with polysomnography and actigraphy. Subjective reports of affect and arousal, psychophysiological reactivity, and objective emotional expression were examined during two emotional processing tasks, including one where children were asked to suppress their emotional responses. Results After sleep restriction, deleterious alterations were observed in children’s affect and their emotional reactivity, expression, and regulation. These effects were primarily limited to positive emotional stimuli. The presence of anxiety symptoms moderated most of the alterations in emotional processing observed after sleep restriction. Conclusion Results suggest inadequate sleep preferentially impacts positive compared to negative emotion in pre-pubertal children and that pre-existing anxiety symptoms amplify these effects. Implications for children’s everyday socio-emotional lives and long-term affective risk are highlighted. Support NIMH grant #R21MH099351

scholarly journals The impact of experimental sleep restriction on affective functioning in social and nonsocial contexts among adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 1027-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana L. McMakin ◽  
Ronald E. Dahl ◽  
Daniel J. Buysse ◽  
Jennifer C. Cousins ◽  
Erika E. Forbes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
Affective Functioning ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The impact of sleep restriction on skin parameters and facial appearance of 24 women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damien Léger ◽  
Caroline Gauriau ◽  
Cécile Etzi ◽  
Samuel Ralambondrainy ◽  
Catherine Heusele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
Facial Appearance ◽  
The Impact

The impact of sleep restriction on daytime movement in typically developing children

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbey Poirier ◽  
Melissa Gendron ◽  
Jennifer Vriend ◽  
Fiona Davidson ◽  
Penny Corkum
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
The Impact

Abstract MP19: Impact of Change in Bedtime Variability on Body Composition: Secondary Findings From the Go Red for Women Strategically Focused Research Network

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Pierre St-Onge ◽  
Ayanna Campbell ◽  
Faris M Zuraikat ◽  
Bin Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
Study Phase ◽  
Sleep Phase ◽  
Wrist Actigraphy ◽  
The Impact

Variability in daily sleep duration and unstable bedtimes are emerging sleep-related factors that have been linked to metabolic syndrome. For example, in longitudinal studies, the odds of developing metabolic syndrome over 6.3 y median follow-up are 1.36 for every 1 h increase in sleep onset variability (standard deviation of bedtimes measured over 7 nights of actigraphy) in fully adjusted models. However, whether reducing bedtime variability improves markers of disease risk has not been tested. Here, we assessed whether body composition was impacted by changes in bedtime variability over a 6-wk period during which women were instructed to maintain healthy, habitual sleep patterns. This was a single arm of a randomized trial originally designed to test the impact of sleep restriction on cardiometabolic risk factors. Women, aged 20 y and older and with body mass index 20-33 kg/m 2 were recruited. All women were required to have adequate sleep duration of 7-9 h/night, determined over 2 wk using wrist-worn actigraphy. Upon randomization, women were given bed and wake time prescriptions aligned with their average screening bed and wake times in order to ensure maintenance of adequate sleep duration over the 6 wk study phase. The alternate phase required women to delay their bedtimes to achieve sleep restriction. Only data from the adequate sleep phase were used for the present analyses. Bedtime variability and body composition data were available for 37 women (age 34.9±12.4 y, BMI 24.7±2.9 kg/m 2 , screening sleep duration 7.58±0.49 h/night). Body composition was measured at baseline (0 wk) and endpoint (6 wk) using magnetic resonance imaging. Bedtime and sleep data were collected weekly using wrist actigraphy. Change in bedtime variability was calculated as the difference in the standard deviation of bedtimes measured during the 2-wk screening period and the 6-wk study phase. Sleep duration did not differ between screening and the average of 6 wk of the sleep phase (-4.8±24.7min, P=0.24). Average percent change in bedtime SD was 24.4±25.2% in those who increased their bedtime variability and -39.9±23.5% in those who reduced their bedtime variability. Results showed that, compared to women who increased or did not change (n=8) bedtime variability, women who reduced their bedtime variability (n=29) during the intervention had significant reductions in total (reduced: -0.52±0.98 vs increase/no change: 0.63±0.41 L, P<0.001) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (reduced: -0.48±0.86 vs increase/no change: 0.56±0.31 L, P<0.001). Thus, results provide novel preliminary information showing that reducing bedtime variability can improve body composition over time. Given that bedtimes are highly individualized, this may provide an easy public health message to maintain healthy sleep hygiene, particularly stable bedtime routine, to achieve better weight management and reduced CVD risk.

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