Are We Asking Too Much from Defamation Law? Reputation Systems, ADR, Industry Regulation and Other Extra-Judicial Possibilities for Protecting Reputation in the Internet Age: Proposal for Reform

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Laidlaw
Keyword(s):  
Reputation Systems ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Industry Regulation ◽  
Internet Age ◽  
Defamation Law

Gossip, Internet-Based Reputation Systems, and Governance

2019 ◽  
pp. 495-511
Author(s):  
Lucio Picci
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
Functional Similarity ◽  
Reputation Systems ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Public Governance ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Internet Age ◽  
Distribution Of Resources ◽  
Generate Process

Internet-based reputation systems allow to generate, process, and publish reputationally relevant information. They sustain practices that at first sight might appear to be an incarnation of traditional gossip, where a subject, “ego,” transmits evaluative information to others, “alter,” about an absent “tertius.” This chapter argues that such identification is inappropriate, and it proposes a characterization of gossip that is suited for the Internet Age. While being different in several ways, gossip and Internet-based reputation systems display a functional similarity: they both generate reputationally relevant information, which reverberates on the distribution of resources, hence of power. In generating such information, Internet-based reputation systems level the playing field and, in a sense, “democratize” gossip. Deliberate engineering could enhance this interesting characteristic of Internet-based reputation systems, particularly so in applications to public governance, which is an explicit focus of this chapter.

scholarly journals Perceived truth of statements and simulated social media postings: an experimental investigation of source credibility, repeated exposure, and presentation format

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Nadarevic ◽  
Rolf Reber ◽  
Anne Josephine Helmecke ◽  
Dilara Köse
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Source Credibility ◽  
Repeated Exposure ◽  
Presentation Format ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Source Information ◽  
Internet Age

Abstract To better understand the spread of fake news in the Internet age, it is important to uncover the variables that influence the perceived truth of information. Although previous research identified several reliable predictors of truth judgments—such as source credibility, repeated information exposure, and presentation format—little is known about their simultaneous effects. In a series of four experiments, we investigated how the abovementioned factors jointly affect the perceived truth of statements (Experiments 1 and 2) and simulated social media postings (Experiments 3 and 4). Experiment 1 explored the role of source credibility (high vs. low vs. no source information) and presentation format (with vs. without a picture). In Experiments 2 and 3, we additionally manipulated repeated exposure (yes vs. no). Finally, Experiment 4 examined the role of source credibility (high vs. low) and type of repetition (congruent vs. incongruent vs. no repetition) in further detail. In sum, we found no effect of presentation format on truth judgments, but strong, additive effects of source credibility and repetition. Truth judgments were higher for information presented by credible sources than non-credible sources and information without sources. Moreover, congruent (i.e., verbatim) repetition increased perceived truth whereas semantically incongruent repetition decreased perceived truth, irrespectively of the source. Our findings show that people do not rely on a single judgment cue when evaluating a statement’s truth but take source credibility and their meta-cognitive feelings into account.

scholarly journals Claiming Credibility in Online Comments: Popular Debate Surrounding the COVID-19 Vaccine

Publications ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Ruth Breeze
Keyword(s):  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
Internet Age ◽  
Online Comments ◽  
Sources Of Authority ◽  
Reader Comments ◽  
Public Demand

At times of crisis, access to information takes on special importance, and in the Internet age of constant connectedness, this is truer than ever. Over the course of the pandemic, the huge public demand for constantly updated health information has been met with a massive response from official and scientific sources, as well as from the mainstream media. However, it has also generated a vast stream of user-generated digital postings. Such phenomena are often regarded as unhelpful or even dangerous since they unwittingly spread misinformation or make it easier for potentially harmful disinformation to circulate. However, little is known about the dynamics of such forums or how scientific issues are represented there. To address this knowledge gap, this chapter uses a corpus-assisted discourse approach to examine how “expert” knowledge and other sources of authority are represented and contested in a corpus of 10,880 reader comments responding to Mail Online articles on the development of the COVID-19 vaccine in February–July 2020. The results show how “expert” knowledge is increasingly problematized and politicized, while other strategies are used to claim authority. The implications of these findings are discussed in the context of sociological theories, and some tentative solutions are proposed.

Psychotherapist self-disclosure and transparency in the Internet age.

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ofer Zur ◽  
Martin H. Williams ◽  
Keren Lehavot ◽  
Samuel Knapp
Keyword(s):  
The Internet ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Internet Age
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