Identification and Estimation of Endogenous Peer Effects in the Presence of Multiple Reference Groups

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadat Reza ◽  
Puneet Manchanda ◽  
Juin-Kuan Chong
Keyword(s):  
Peer Effects ◽  
Reference Groups ◽  
Multiple Reference

scholarly journals Indirect Effects of a Policy Altering Criminal Behavior: Evidence from the Italian Prison Experiment

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Drago ◽  
Roberto Galbiati
Keyword(s):  
Peer Effects ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Prison Population ◽  
Reference Groups ◽  
Social Multiplier ◽  
Former Inmates

We exploit the 2006 Italian prison pardon to evaluate peer effects in criminal behavior. The pardon randomly commutes actual sentences to expected sentences for 40 percent of the Italian prison population. Using prison and geographical origin to construct reference groups for former inmates, we find large indirect effects of this policy. In particular, we find that the reduction in the individuals' recidivism due to an increase in their peers' residual sentence is at least as large as their response to an increase in their own residual sentence. From this result we estimate a social multiplier in crime of two. (JEL D12, K42, Z13)

Contextual Undertow of Workplace Deviance by and Within Units: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Götz ◽  
Grégoire Bollmann ◽  
Ernest H. O’Boyle
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Workplace Deviance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Reference Groups ◽  
Injunctive Norms ◽  
Organizational Hierarchy ◽  
Appropriate Behavior ◽  
The Social ◽  
Multiple Reference

Within the constellation of employee misconduct, workplace deviance possesses the somewhat distinctive feature of violating organizational norms. Yet, the burgeoning research examining the social context surrounding workplace deviance typically fails to properly account for it. Interdisciplinary research has demonstrated that within organizations (a) multiple reference groups provide descriptive and injunctive norms about (in)appropriate behavior; (b) even when embedded within the organizational hierarchy, norms are not necessarily consistent across these groups; and (c) the immediate reference group often exerts a crucial influence. Against this background, we discuss prevalent conceptualizations of workplace deviance and systematically review the literature from 1995 to 2017. We present our findings according to external and organizational, leadership, and intraunit antecedents of workplace deviance by and within units, distinguishing, in particular, unit composition, processes and emergent states, climates, and norms. We conclude with a discussion of theoretical and methodological avenues for future research.

Multiple Reference Groups in Case-Referent Studies

2002 ◽  
pp. 231-252
Author(s):  
Paul R. Rosenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Reference Groups ◽  
Multiple Reference

Multiple Reference Groups in Case-Referent Studies

1995 ◽  
pp. 154-173
Author(s):  
Paul R. Rosenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Reference Groups ◽  
Multiple Reference

How imitation of multiple reference groups drives the evolution of firm strategy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Gómez ◽  
Raquel Orcos ◽  
Henk W. Volberda
Keyword(s):  
Firm Strategy ◽  
Reference Groups ◽  
Multiple Reference

Problems in methadone treatment: The influence of reference groups.

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana E. Hunt ◽  
Douglas S. Lipton ◽  
Douglas S. Goldsmith ◽  
David L. Strug
Keyword(s):  
Methadone Treatment ◽  
Reference Groups

Multiple reference points in pay satisfaction assessments

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Ordonez ◽  
Terry Connolly ◽  
Richard Coughlan
Keyword(s):  
Reference Points ◽  
Pay Satisfaction ◽  
Multiple Reference
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