scholarly journals Substitution Bias in Multilateral Methods for CPI Construction Using Scanner Data

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Erwin Diewert ◽  
Kevin J. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Scanner Data ◽  
Substitution Bias

Elementary Index Bias: Evidence for the Euro Area from a Large Scanner Dataset

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. e618-e656
Author(s):  
Enikő Gábor-Tóth ◽  
Philip Vermeulen
Keyword(s):  
Euro Area ◽  
Product Category ◽  
Scanner Data ◽  
Product Categories ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Price Indexes ◽  
Substitution Bias ◽  
Upper Level ◽  
Index Formulas ◽  
Fisher Ideal Index

Abstract We provide evidence on the effect of elementary index choice on inflation measurement in the euro area. Using scanner data for 15,844 individual items from 42 product categories and 10 euro area countries, we compute product category level elementary price indexes using eight different elementary index formulas. Measured inflation outcomes of the different index formulas are compared with the Fisher ideal index to quantify elementary index bias. We have three main findings. First, elementary index bias is quite variable across product categories, countries and index formulas. Second, a comparison of elementary index formulas with and without expenditure weights shows that a shift from price only indexes to expenditure weighted indexes would entail at the product level multiple percentage points differences in measured price changes. And finally, we show that elementary index bias is quantitatively more important than upper level substitution bias.

scholarly journals Sources of Bias and Solutions to Bias in the Consumer Price Index

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry Hausman
Keyword(s):  
Price Index ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
Scanner Data ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
First Order ◽  
Consumer Prices ◽  
Substitution Bias ◽  
Cost Of Living Index

Four sources of bias in the Consumer Prices Index (CPI) have been identified. The most discussed is substitution bias, which creates a second order bias in the CPI. Three other changes besides prices changes create first order effects on a correctly measured cost of living index (COLI). I explain in this paper that a “pure price” based approach of surveying prices to estimate a COLI cannot succeed in solving the 3 problems of first order bias. I discuss economic and econometric approaches to measuring the first order bias effects as well as the availability of scanner data that would permit implementation of the techniques.

Obtaining morphometric variables from gullies using two methods of interpolation laser scanner data: the case study of Vassouras, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 3012-3023
Author(s):  
Carlos Magno Moreira de Oliveira ◽  
Márcio Rocha Francelino ◽  
Bruno Araujo Furtado de Mendonça ◽  
Isabela Queiroz Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Scanner Data

The net environmental impact of online shopping, beyond the substitution bias

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 103058
Author(s):  
Heleen Buldeo Rai
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
Substitution Bias

Consumer preferences for low-salt foods - a Danish case study based on a comprehensive supermarket intervention

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Sigrid Denver ◽  
Tove Christensen ◽  
Jonas Nordström
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Scanner Data ◽  
Statistical Regression ◽  
Salt Consumption ◽  
Dietary Choices ◽  
Low Salt ◽  
Reduced Salt

Abstract Objective: The objective is to analyze Danish consumers’ attitudes to buying food with reduced salt content. Design: The study is based on a comprehensive store intervention that included 114 stores belonging to the same supermarket chain. Three different salt claims were tested for eight weeks on six test products within the categories bread, cornflakes and frozen pizzas. Scanner data were supplemented with 134 brief interviews with consumers in nine selected stores. Setting: Stores spread across Denmark. Participants: Consumers who buy food in the stores. Results: Statistical regression analyses of the scanner data indicated that none of the three claims significantly affected demand for any of the test products. The interviews confirmed that many consumers were more focused on other elements of the official dietary advice than reduced salt consumption, such as eating plenty of vegetables, choosing products with whole grains and reducing their intake of sugar and fat. Conclusions: Overall, both the scanner data and the interviews pointed in the same direction, toward the conclusion that salt content is often a secondary factor when Danish consumers make dietary choices.

scholarly journals Scanner Data: New Opportunities for Demand and Competitive Strategy Analysis

1994 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald W. Cotterill
Keyword(s):  
Market Power ◽  
Price Competition ◽  
Tacit Collusion ◽  
Scanner Data ◽  
Strategy Analysis ◽  
Price Response ◽  
Oligopoly Model ◽  
Sufficient Detail ◽  
Bertrand Price Competition ◽  
Reaction Equations

This paper reviews prior research by agricultural economists on the demand for food products using scanner data. Thereafter, a differentiated product's oligopoly model with Bertrand price competition is developed and used to specify brand level demand and oligopoly price reaction equations. The model has sufficient detail to estimate brand level price elasticities and price response elasticities which in turn can be used to estimate three indices of market power. The first index estimated is the familiar Rothschild Index. The paper develops estimates two new indexes, the observed index and the Chamberlin quotient for tacit collusion. It concludes with comments on how the proposed method for the measurement of market power in a differentiated oligopoly can be improved.

Chlorophyll gradient map from high-altitude ocean-color-scanner data

1979 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 3715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongsuk H. Kim ◽  
Charles R. McClain ◽  
William D. Hart
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Ocean Color ◽  
Scanner Data ◽  
Color Scanner
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