The Burden and Trends of Primary Liver Cancer Caused by Specific Etiologies from 1990 to 2017 at the Global, Regional, National, Age, and Gender Level Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Background: Liver cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The primary causes of liver cancer include hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), alcohol consumption, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and other factors. Aims: The objective of this study was to evaluate the global and sex-, age-, region-, country-, and etiology-related liver cancer burden, as well as the trends in liver cancer caused by different etiologies. Methods: The causes of liver cancer from 1990 to 2017, including global, regional, and national liver cancer incidence, mortality, and etiology, were collected from the Global Burden of Disease study 2017, and the time-dependent change in the trends of liver cancer burden was evaluated by annual percentage change. Results: The global liver cancer incidence and mortality have been increasing. There were 950,000 newly-diagnosed liver cancer cases and over 800,000 deaths in 2017, which is more than twice the numbers recorded in 1990. HBV and HCV are the major causes of liver cancer. HBV is the major risk factor of liver cancer in Asia, while HCV and alcohol abuse are the major risk factors in the high sociodemographic index and high human development index regions. The mean onset age and incidence of liver cancer with different etiologies have gradually increased in the past 30 years. Conclusions: The global incidence is still rising and the causes have national, regional, or population specificities. More targeted prevention strategies must be developed for the different etiologic types in order to reduce liver cancer burden.

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Global Incidence Trends in Very-Early-, Early-, and Late-Onset Primary Liver Cancer by Sex, Region, and Aetiology: A Study Based on Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3377539 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Zhenqiu Liu ◽

Chen Suo ◽

Xianhua Mao ◽

Yanfeng Jiang ◽

Li Jin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Cancer ◽

Burden Of Disease ◽

Late Onset ◽

Primary Liver Cancer ◽

Global Burden Of Disease ◽

Global Burden ◽

Incidence Trends ◽

Disease Study

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Burden of near vision loss in China: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

British Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319603 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. bjophthalmol-2021-319603

Author(s):

Guangming Jin ◽

Minjie Zou ◽

Chi Liu ◽

Aiming Chen ◽

Yi Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Burden Of Disease ◽

Vision Loss ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Global Burden Of Disease ◽

Global Burden ◽

Near Vision ◽

Disability Adjusted Life ◽

Life Years ◽

And Gender ◽

Disease Study

PurposeTo investigate the burden of near vision loss (NVL) in China by year, age and gender from 1990 to 2019.MethodsWe used estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study to report the prevalence and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to NVL in China. Estimates of crude counts and age-standardised rates per 100 000 population are accompanied by 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). We summarised the age-specific and sex-specific patterns and trends regarding the burden of NVL in China, compared with seven neighbouring countries.ResultsFrom 1990 to 2019, the all-age number and rate for NVL prevalence and DALYs increased significantly in China (all p<0.001). The age-standardised rate decreased from 7538.1 (95% UI 6946.3 to 8075.1) to 7392.9 (95% UI 6855.8 to 7890.5) per 100 000 population for NVL prevalence (p=0.107), and from 74.9 (95% UI 69.6 to 79.9) to 73.8 (95% UI 70.6 to 80.1) per 100 000 population for DALYs (p=0.388). Women had higher NVL prevalence (t=170.1, p<0.001) and DALYs (t=192.5, p<0.001) than men. Higher disease burden of NVL was observed in the middle-aged and elderly population. The age-standardised prevalence and DALY rate attributable to NVL in China were lower than in India, North Korea, Pakistan (all p<0.001), but higher than Russia, South Korea, Singapore and Japan (all p<0.001).ConclusionsDespite a small decrease in age-standardised prevalence and DALYs due to NVL in China in the past two decades, the existing burden is still considerable and significantly higher compared with neighbouring developed countries. An approach that includes all stakeholders is needed to further reduce this burden.

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The burden of diarrhea, etiologies, and risk factors in India from 1990 to 2019: evidence from the global burden of disease study

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-022-12515-3 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Deepak Kumar Behera ◽

Sanghamitra Mishra

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Burden Of Disease ◽

Age Groups ◽

Global Burden Of Disease ◽

Global Burden ◽

Rotavirus Vaccination ◽

Effective Interventions ◽

Mother And Child ◽

And Gender ◽

Disease Study

Abstract Background This study aims to measure the burden of diarrhea in India and analyze the trend of mortality associated with it for the past 30 years. We also intend to find the prevailing etiology and risk factors associated with diarrheal mortality in India. Methods The study has used the latest round of Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study-2019. GBD data is available across age groups and gender-wise over the period from 1990 to 2019. The study has identified 13 etiologies for the cause of diarrhea deaths and 20 risk factors to analyze the burden of disease. Results Our study shows, childhood diarrhea has declined over the years significantly, yet contributes to a larger share of DALYs associated with the disease. Among all the death cases of Diarrhea, in 2019, the most prevalent disease-causing pathogen is found to be Campylobacter. But Adenovirus is the major contributor to childhood diarrheal deaths. Though the burden of diarrhea is declining over the period, still there is a need to progress the interventions to prevent and control diarrhea rapidly to avoid the huge number of deaths and disabilities experienced in India. Conclusions Consumption of safe and clean water, proper sanitation facility in every household, required nutrition intake by mother and child, safe breastfeeding and stool disposal practices and careful case management, rotavirus vaccination are some of the effective interventions to be implemented all over the country. Further, evidence-based policies should be made and implemented to sustain diarrhea prevention programs.

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