MEMAHAMI KAITAN OBESITAS DAN KANKER: PELUANG UNTUK PENCEGAHAN KANKER

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Teresa Liliana Wargasetia

Jumlah kasus kanker yang disebabkan oleh obesitas diperkirakan sebesar 20%. The International Agency for Research into Cancer dan the World Cancer Research Fund melaporkan bahwa kanker yang sering dialami oleh penderita obesitas adalah kanker endometrium, adenokarsinoma esofagus, kolorektal, payudara postmenopause, prostat, dan ginjal. Risiko keganasan yang meningkat dipengaruhi distribusi lemak tubuh dan peningkatan berat badan yang menyebabkan transfer lipid dari adiposit ke tumor. Sejumlah studi melaporkan bahwa kelebihan berat badan dan obesitas berkorelasi dengan tingkat kematian akibat kanker hepar, pankreas, kolon, endometrium, ginjal, payudara postmenopause, mieloma, dan Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Empat sistem yang teridentifikasi sebagai penyebab kanker pada obesitas adalah peningkatan lipid, respons inflamasi, resistensi insulin, dan adipokin. Konsumsi sejumlah makanan yang bersifat antikanker dan antiobesitas bersama dengan restriksi kalori dan aktivitas fisik membantu dalam pencegahan kanker yang berkaitan dengan obesitas.

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 204-205
Author(s):  
Alex Berezow

Jurors in California have awarded $289 million to a man who claimed that his cancer was due to Monsanto's herbicide glyphosate, even though that is biologically impossible. Even the judge acknowledged that there was no evidence of harm. Yet, trial lawyers manipulated a jury's emotions and the public's misunderstanding of science to score another jackpot verdict. The plaintiff, Dewayne Johnson, claims that glyphosate gave him non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, a cancer that occurs when the immune system goes awry. There are three major problems with this claim. First, as stated above, glyphosate does not cause cancer because it does not harm humans. It is an herbicide, so it is only toxic to plants. There is no known biological mechanism by which glyphosate could cause cancer, therefore its carcinogenicity is not even theoretically possible. That is why there is not a single reputable public health agency that believes glyphosate causes cancer. The US Environmental Protection Agency, the World Health Organization, and the European Food Safety Authority all reject claims of any link. The only organization of note that rejects this scientific consensus is a group within the World Health Organization called the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Contrary to all evidence, the group insists that glyphosate causes cancer – along with bacon and hot water. The truth is that IARC is a fringe outlier, staunchly ideological rather than scientific, and rife with financial conflicts of interest. Christopher Portier, a special adviser to the IARC working group that examined glyphosate, was also working for the activist organization the Environmental Defense Fund and received $160,000 from trial lawyers who stood to profit handsomely if IARC declared glyphosate a carcinogen because they could file suits in lawsuit-happy California. IARC's credibility has been so thoroughly shattered that Congress recently pulled its funding. Secondly, although the root cause of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is unknown, that does not mean its etiology is completely open to speculation. Lymphomas originate from white blood cells, so scientists believe that autoimmune disease or chronic infections play a role. Just because the plaintiff's attorneys can fool a jury into believing that glyphosate causes non-Hodgkin's lymphoma does not mean there is any scientific evidence – and there is not. Thirdly, glyphosate has been off-patent for 18 years, and about 40% of the world's glyphosate is made in China. So, why pick on Monsanto when several different companies could have supplied the glyphosate the plaintiff used?


Lymphoma ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Mwamba ◽  
Walter O. Mwanda ◽  
Naftali W. Busakhala ◽  
R. Matthew Strother ◽  
Patrick J. Loehrer ◽  
...  

Today AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (AR-NHL) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected patients the world over, and especially in sub-Saharan Africa. While the overall incidence of AR-NHL since the emergence of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) era has declined, the occurrence of this disease appears to have stabilized. In regions where access to cART is challenging, the impact on disease incidence is less clear. In the resource-rich environment it is clinically recognized that it is no longer appropriate to consider AR-NHL as a single disease entity and rather treatment of AIDS lymphoma needs to be tailored to lymphoma subtype. While intensive therapeutic strategies in the resource-rich world are clearly improving outcome, in AIDS epicenters of the world and especially in sub-Saharan Africa there is a paucity of data on treatment and outcomes. In fact, only one prospective study of dose-modified oral chemotherapy and limited retrospective studies with sufficient details provide a window into the natural history and clinical management of this disease. The scarcities and challenges of treatment in this setting provide a backdrop to review the current status and realities of the therapeutic approach to AR-NHL in sub-Saharan Africa. More pragmatic and risk-adapted therapeutic approaches are needed.


2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Sanchez Varela ◽  
Sharon Bober ◽  
Andrea Ng ◽  
Peter Mauch ◽  
Christopher Recklitis

2014 ◽  
Vol 226 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
W Balwierz ◽  
T Klekawka ◽  
A Moryl-Bujakowska ◽  
M Matysiak ◽  
I Malinowska ◽  
...  

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