non hodgkin's lymphoma
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Genes ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Min-Yue Zhang ◽  
George Calin ◽  
Ming-Dan Deng ◽  
Rex K. H. Au-Yeung ◽  
Lu-Qian Wang ◽  
...  

The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) NKILA, localized to 20q13.31, is a negative regulator of NF-κB signaling implicated in carcinogenesis. As a CpG island is embedded in the promoter region of NKILA, it is hypothesized as a tumor suppressor lncRNA silenced by promoter DNA methylation in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). By pyrosequencing-verified methylation-specific PCR, NKILA methylation was detected in 1/10 (10%) NHL cell lines, but not in normal peripheral blood buffy coats or tonsils. NKILA methylation correlated with the repression of NKILA in cell lines. Hypomethylation treatment with 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine resulted in promoter demethylation and the re-expression of NKILA. In 102 NHL primary samples, NKILA was methylated in 29 (51.79%) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and 4 (20%) peripheral T-cell lymphoma cases, but unmethylated in all 26 mantle cell lymphoma cases. Mechanistically, the knockdown of NKILA resulted in promoting IkBα phosphorylation, associated with nucleus translocation of total p65 and phosphorylated p65 in SU-DHL-1 cells, hence constitutive NF-κB activation. Functionally, the knockdown of NKILA in SU-DHL-1 cells led to decreased cell death and increased cellular proliferation. Collectively, NKILA was a tumor suppressor lncRNA frequently hypermethylated in DLBCL. Promoter DNA methylation-mediated NKILA silencing resulted in increased cellular proliferation and decreased cell death via the repression of NF-κB signaling in NHL.


2022 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Diembi S ◽  
Ngouoni GC ◽  
Ondzotto G ◽  
Itiere Odzili F ◽  
Ngatali SF ◽  
...  

Primary lymphomas of the thyroid are rare tumours, representing less than 5% to 15% of thyroid cancers. These lymphomas develop on a pre-existing thyroid disease, notably Hashimoto's thyroiditis, or as a secondary site of a disseminated lymphoma. This pathology is aggressive and presents as a painful, rapidly evolving goitre with signs of compression. The most common histological types are non-Hodgkin's lymphoma type B. We report a case of thyroid non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the MALT type in a 71 year old woman with a specific history; the positive diagnosis was made thanks to a histological study of the surgical specimen completed by an immunohistochemical study on paraffin sections. The postoperative clinical course after six years was favourable, with no local recurrence or distant metastasis. Keywords: Goiter; Primary Lymphoma; Thyroid; MALT; Immunohistochemistry


Author(s):  
Budhi Singh Yadav ◽  
Vjai Simha

Abstract Background: Primary non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) of the orbit is rare. Orbital NHLs show good response to both radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy, and hence, the emphasis should be to ensure maximum cure rate with minimum morbidity. In this study, we present the clinical profile and treatment outcomes of patients with NHL who had initial presentation in the orbit. Materials and methods: In this retrospective analysis, case records of patients with a diagnosis of NHL of the orbit were analysed from January 2005 to January 2015. Patients were worked up and staged according to the Ann Arbor system. Patients with large tumours were initially given chemotherapy with CHOP regimen (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, adriamycin and prednisolone) three weekly for 4–6 cycles. Patients with residual disease were given RT 20–30 Gy at 2 Gy per fraction. RT when given as a primary treatment consisted of 36–45 Gy at 1·8–2 Gy per fraction on either Cobalt 60 machine or linear accelerator. Results: A total of 52 patients with diagnosis of orbital NHL were included in this study. Median age at presentation was 57 years (range 13–71). Left, right and bilateral orbit was involved in 21 (40%), 28(54%) and 3(6%) patients, respectively. Low- and high-grade pathology was seen in 39(75%) and 13(25%) patients, respectively. On immunohistochemistry, 23(44%) tumors were CD 20 positive. After staging, 33 (63%) patients had stage I disease. Median tumour size was 4·0 × 3·2 × 1·5 cm (1·7 × 1·7 × 1·4 cm to 5·8 × 4·0 × 4·7 cm). Primary RT was given to 7(13%) patients. Upfront chemotherapy was given in 45(86·5%) patients, out of which 24 had stage I disease. RT consolidation was done in 26 (50%) patients for residual disease after chemotherapy. Median follow-up was 88 months (range 29–183 months). Relapse occurred in 6(9·6%) patients; 2 local; 2 local + distant and in 2 distant alone. These patients were successfully salvaged with systemic chemotherapy and local RT. One patient died due to neutropenia. Overall survival in this series was 96%. Conclusions: Excellent local control was achieved with initial chemotherapy followed by RT for primary orbital NHL with minimal toxicity. We recommend a dose of 36–40 Gy for definitive RT and 30 Gy for lymphoma following chemotherapy using 2 Gy/fraction for Indian patients who present with bulky tumours. RT should be incorporated in treatment of orbital NHL whenever possible as it is safe, effective and is associated with minimal complications.


2022 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
KM Bhargav ◽  
MShri Ramya ◽  
Alladi Mohan ◽  
N Rukmangada ◽  
TC Kalawat ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Milind Pande ◽  
Sunita Vagha ◽  
Aditi Goyal ◽  
Raunak Kotecha

Background: Out of the various malignant tumours originating from the lymphatic hematopoietic system, lymphoma is one such important entity. It is divided into Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) depending on its cell source. A very rare type of malignant variant of lymphoma is the primary splenic lymphoma, involving exclusively the spleen and splenic hilar lymph nodes. Moreover, splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) is even more infrequent. SMZL is an uncommon chronic B lymphocyte proliferative disease, which only accounts for about 1–2% of all non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. The mean age of SMZL incidence is about 65 years. There is no known significant gender predominance. A quarter of patients with early diagnosed SMZL have known to have vague symptoms like abdominal pain and distention; and other patients may be accompanied by loss of weight, malaise, cachexia, splenomegaly, or other manifestations. Conclusion: Although, a good prognostic outcome is what is usually expected from most patients of Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma who undergo splenectomise, an aggressive transformation leading to a worse direction cannot be ruled out. SMZL is very challenging to be diagnosed pre-operatively due to the lack of specificity in clinical presentation.


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