City Information Modelling: A Conceptual Framework for Research and Practice in Digital Urban Planning

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-527
Author(s):  
Jorge Gil
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Planning Support Systems ◽  
Information Modelling ◽  
Planning Support ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
City Models

The digitalization of the urban development process is driven by the need for informed, evidence-based, collaborative and participative urban planning and decision-making, epitomized in the concept of Smart Cities. This digital transformation is enabled by information technology developments in fields such as 3D city models, Digital Twins, Urban Analytics and Informatics, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and Planning Support Systems (PSS). In this context, City Information Modelling (CIM) has recently emerged as a concept related to these various technological driving forces. In this article, we review the state of the art of CIM (definitions and applications) in the academic literature and propose a definition and a general conceptual framework. By highlighting how the different disciplines are related to each other within this conceptual framework, we offer a context for transdisciplinary work, and focus on integration challenges, for research and development, both in academia and industry. This will contribute to moving forward the debate on digitalization of the built environment development process in the field of Smart Cities.

scholarly journals MODELLING CHANGES, STAKEHOLDERS AND THEIR RELATIONS IN SEMANTIC 3D CITY MODELS

2021 ◽  
Vol VIII-4/W2-2021 ◽  
pp. 137-144
Author(s):  
S. H. Nguyen ◽  
T. H. Kolbe
Keyword(s):  
Change Detection ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Structural Level ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
3D City Models ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
Virtual City ◽  
City Models

Abstract. Urban digital twins have been increasingly adopted by cities worldwide. Digital twins, especially semantic 3D city models as key components, have quickly become a crucial platform for urban monitoring, planning, analyses and visualization. However, as the massive influx of data collected from cities accumulates quickly over time, one major problem arises as how to handle different temporal versions of a virtual city model. Many current city modelling deployments lack the capability for automatic and efficient change detection and often replace older city models completely with newer ones. Another crucial task is then to make sense of the detected changes to provide a deep understanding of the progresses made in the cities. Therefore, this research aims to provide a conceptual framework to better assist change detection and interpretation in virtual city models. Firstly, a detailed hierarchical model of all potential changes in semantic 3D city models is proposed. This includes appearance, semantic, geometric, topological, structural, Level of Detail (LoD), auxiliary and scoped changes. In addition, a conceptual approach to modelling most relevant stakeholders in smart cities is presented. Then, a model - reality graph is used to represent both the different groups of stakeholders and types of changes based on their relative interest and relevance. Finally, the study introduces two mathematical methods to represent the relevance relations between stakeholders and changes, namely the relevance graph and the relevance matrix.

scholarly journals DIGITAL TWIN FOR INDOOR DISASTER IN SMART CITY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2022 ◽  
Vol XLVI-4/W3-2021 ◽  
pp. 315-322
Author(s):  
S. Shaharuddin ◽  
K. N. Abdul Maulud ◽  
S. A. F. Syed Abdul Rahman ◽  
A. I. Che Ani
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Environmental Disaster ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Recent Developments

Abstract. Technology has advanced and progressed tremendously, and the term city is being elevated to a new level where the smart city has been introduced globally. Recent developments in the concept of smart city have led to a renewed interest in Digital Twin. Using precise Building Information Modelling (BIM) consolidated with big data and sensors, several attempts have been made to establish digital twin smart cities. In recent years, several researchers have sought to determine the capability of smart city and digital twin for various taxonomies such as development and urban planning purposes, built environment, manufacturing, environmental, disaster management, and healthcare. Despite being beneficial in many disciplines, especially in manufacturing, built environment, and urban planning, these existing studies have shown a lack of aspect in terms of emergency or disaster-related as opposed to the elements mentioned above. This is because the researcher has not treated emergencies or disasters in much detail. Therefore, an extensive review on smart city, digital twin, BIM and disaster management and technology that revolves around these terms were summarised. In general, 39 articles from prominent multidisciplinary databases were retrieved over the last two decades based on the suggested PRISMA workflow. These final articles were analysed and categorised into four themes based on the research content, gist, and keywords. Based on the review of 39 articles related to smart city, digital twin and BIM, a workflow for the smart city digital twin and the conceptual framework for indoor disaster management was proposed accordingly. The establishment of smart city digital twins solely for an indoor emergency can be beneficial to urbanites, and it could provide numerous benefits for enhanced situation assessment, decision making, coordination, and resource allocation.

scholarly journals Evaluating a Workflow Tool for Simplifying Scenario Planning with the Online WhatIf? Planning Support System

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 706
Author(s):  
Muhammad Qadeer ul Hussnain ◽  
Abdul Waheed ◽  
Khydija Wakil ◽  
Junaid Abdul Jabbar ◽  
Christopher James Pettit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
User Experience ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Scenario Planning ◽  
Data Preparation ◽  
Planning Support Systems ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Noticeable Increase ◽  
Planning Support ◽  
Planning Support System ◽  
Develop Land

In an era of smart cities and digitalisation, there has been a noticeable increase in the development and application of planning support systems (PSS). However, a significant challenge in the broader adoption of these PSS can be attributed to the user experience, which includes the efforts required in pre-processing data. It has been observed that typically 80% of the PSS usage time goes into pre-processing, cleaning, and loading data—a significant barrier for new users. This research focuses on improving user experience by developing and evaluating a new workflow tool called EasyUAZ. This workflow tool directly supports the iterative data preparation needs of scenario planning with the Online WhatIf?—a widely used PSS to develop land-use suitability, demand and land-allocation scenarios. A comparative evaluation has been conducted to quantify the time taken for data preparation with ArcGIS, QGIS, and the EasyUAZ. The study found that EasyUAZ offers a time saving of 30%–35% when compared with other options.

scholarly journals Conceptualizing Walking and Walkability in the Smart City through a Model Composite w2 Smart City Utility Index

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 8193
Author(s):  
Anna Visvizi ◽  
Shahira Assem Assem Abdel-Razek ◽  
Roman Wosiek ◽  
Radosław Malik
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Model Composite ◽  
Utility Index ◽  
Development Goals

This paper explores walking and walkability in the smart city and makes a case for their centrality in the debate on the resilience and sustainability of smart cities, as outlined in the United Nations’ (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It is argued that, while the human/inhabitant-centric paradigm of urban development consolidates, and research on walking, walkability, and pedestrian satisfaction flourishes, the inroads of ICT render it necessary to reflect on these issues in the conceptually- and geographically-delimited space of the smart city. More importantly, it becomes imperative to make respective findings useful and usable for policymakers. To this end, by approaching walking and walkability through the lens of utility, the objective of this paper is to develop a conceptual framework in which the relevance of walking and walkability, hereafter referred to as w2, as a distinct subject of research in the smart cities debate is validated. This framework is then employed to construct a model of a composite w2smart city utility index. With the focus on the development of the conceptual framework, in which the w2 utility index is embedded, this paper constitutes the first conceptual step of the composite index development process. The value added of this paper is three-fold: First, the relevance of walking and walkability as a distinct subject of research in the realm of smart cities research is established. Second, a mismatch between end-users’ satisfaction derived from walking and their perception of walkability and the objective factors influencing walking and walkability is identified and conceptualized by referencing the concept of utility. Third, a model smart city w2 utility index is proposed as a diagnostic and prognostic tool that, in the subsequent stages of research and implementation, will prove useful for decisionmakers and other stakeholders involved in the process of managing smart cities.

From the Smart City to the People-Friendly City

2015 ◽  
pp. 363-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Melis ◽  
Elena Masala ◽  
Matteo Tabasso
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Planning Support Systems ◽  
Collaborative Process ◽  
Numerical Information ◽  
Planning Support ◽  
The People ◽  
Key Points

This chapter addresses the smart city concept as a first step towards the formulation of a new socially-improved urban concept which may be defined as that of the “people-friendly city”. This new task involves the employment of IT tools, but using new methods and pursuing different goals other than mere numerical information. In terms of the urban environment, this means that cities should be designed for people, and planning practitioners should be able to understand citizens' needs, communicate with them and involve them in a collaborative process. Therefore, an overview of the implications of smart cities for urban planning is followed by a more detailed analysis of Planning Support Systems (PSS) as innovative tools for enhancing the process of delivering a more inclusive and people-friendly urban environment. The lessons learnt from the application of the PSS tool is then illustrated in order to define the potentialities and key points for the development of similar tools.

Planning support systems for smart cities

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 13-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Pettit ◽  
Ashley Bakelmun ◽  
Scott N. Lieske ◽  
Stephen Glackin ◽  
Karlson ‘Charlie’ Hargroves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Support Systems ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Planning Support Systems ◽  
Planning Support

Lessons for developing a planning support system infrastructure: The case of Southern California's Scenario Planning Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 777-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Goodspeed ◽  
Cassie Hackel
Keyword(s):  
Support System ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Development Process ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Scenario Planning ◽  
Planning Model ◽  
Planning Support Systems ◽  
Planning Support ◽  
Planning Support System

Although planning support systems are being more widely adopted by professional planners, there are very few examples of planning support system infrastructures designed to support planning practices on an ongoing basis. This paper reports the result of an exploratory qualitative study of the Southern California Association of Governments' Scenario Planning Model, an innovative new planning support system infrastructure. Interviews with professionals who served as participants in a two-year development process were conducted to explore the six dimensions that theories from the planning support systems, innovation diffusion, and organizational information technology fields suggest are important to understanding the adoption and use of a planning support system infrastructure: user considerations, perceived benefits, technical details, the development process, jurisdiction characteristics, and planning style. Drawing on these interviews, the article proposes seven lessons for the creation of planning support system infrastructures: utilize participatory design, support a variety of planning practices, address indirect costs to users, encourage collaboration among multiple users within each organization, ensure that all stakeholders have appropriate access, be mindful of the framing of new technologies, and embrace their transformational potential. Although the Scenario Planning Model has benefited from California's unique planning mandates, advances in web-based geospatial technologies mean that many regions may draw on these lessons to create similar planning support system infrastructures, which have the potential to improve local and regional planning practices through enhanced information, analysis, and communication.

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