Disposal of obsolete computers framework to reduce environmental effect of disposed computer materials in higher institutions of learning in Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Effect ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
African People ◽  
Toxic Emissions ◽  
Higher Institution ◽  
Higher Institutions

Disposal of obsolete computers (DOC) in higher institutions in Africa poses a major environmental problem to many African people. The question of how to dispose obsolete computers and computer technologies in a safe manner has become a cause of concern to many African people, especially when toxic emissions pollute the air, water, and soil posing a serious health and environmental hazard to the community. This study investigates the methods of disposing and recycling of obsolete computers, and its environmental effect on plants and animals in Africa. A case study approach is used. Participants were selected from three African countries Ghana, Nigeria and South Africa based on their historical background in Africa regarding e-waste. Semi-structured, open ended interview questions were used to gather evidence from the participants regarding how obsolete computers are disposed from their institutions and the possible effect of the disposed computers on the environment. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and coded. The findings revel that the most common method of disposing obsolete computers is through dumping, dismantling of parts for resale by children and open field burning of unwanted parts. This burning process produces toxic material which is associated with high health risks. Based on the findings, a proposed Disposal of Obsolete Computers Framework (DOCF) was developed to guide higher institutions in Africa to opt for appropriate methods of disposing computers. The framework will not only assist higher institution in selecting a better option of disposing obsolete computers, but also will improve the hazardous environmental conditions which animals and plants find themselves

scholarly journals Reducing environmental hazard caused by disposed mobile phones in developing countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred Coleman
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Environmental Effect ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Environmental Hazard ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Phone Service

The utilization of unused and retired mobile phones in South Africa and other African countries poses a significant environmental hazard. Disposing of retired mobile phones in a safe manner has become an issue of concern in South Africa because of health and environmental hazards associated with it. This study investigates the methods of disposing and recycling of old, unused and retired mobile phones and their associated environmental effect on humans and plants in Africa. A case study approach was used in this paper. Participants were selected from three cities in South Africa, targeting three government institutions and three mobile phone service providers. Semi-structured, open-ended interview questions were used to get evidence from the participants regarding how old, unused and retired mobile phones are disposed and possible effect of these on the environment. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and coded. Findings revealed that most common method of disposing of old, retired mobile phones was donating them as gifts, selling to second-hand shops or storing in homes as spare phones. Based on findings, a proposed framework was developed to guide the collection process, reducing, reusing and recycling of old and retired mobile phones in Africa. The framework will not only assist manufacturers and retailers in selecting a better option of disposing old mobile phones, but also will to improve the hazardous environmental conditions, which affect humans and plants.

scholarly journals Down-to-earth Approach as A Sociological Solution: Learning from Ineffectiveness of Maternity Waiting Home Implementation in Wonogiri, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 317 ◽  
pp. 01085
Author(s):  
Sri Hilmi Pujihartati ◽  
Mahendra Wijaya ◽  
Argyo Demartoto
Keyword(s):  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Maternity Waiting Homes ◽  
Root Barriers ◽  
Maternity Waiting Home ◽  
Concrete Solution ◽  
Depth Interviews

A maternity waiting home is a health facility that is considered helpful in preventing maternal deaths. The service aims to be a transit place for pregnant women to get primary health services. Due to geographic reasons, there is a waiting house for births—many cases of successful implementation of maternity waiting homes in various developing countries, especially in African countries. As a developing country, certain regions in Indonesia have implemented the service in imitation of the successful implementation of other countries. However, the implementation is not entirely effective. This study explores the root barriers in the implementation of the service from a sociological perspective. This study uses a qualitative research method with a case study approach. The data were collected through literature study, observation, in-depth interviews, and FGD. The results of this study were that various factors were found that caused the implementation of the maternity waiting home to be ineffective. Using a sociological analysis, the top-down policy of the maternity waiting for home is a significant factor in this ineffectiveness. This paper presents a concrete solution that uses an approach to emphasize the aspirations and needs of the community as a foundation in the implementation of this service.

scholarly journals Southern African responses to the COVID-19 pandemic: A study of Botswana and South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyanai Masiya ◽  
David Mandiyanike ◽  
Dintle Molosiwa ◽  
Adrino Mazenda
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
World Health ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
Response Measures ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Southern African countries adopted diverse responses to the challenge posed by the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, which manifested itself as both a health and economic disaster.Aim: Using a case study approach of two South African countries, namely Botswana and South Africa, the article assessed their response measures to the COVID-19 pandemic.Setting: Southern African countries applied ‘domesticated’ forms of responses thus, there has been no one-size-fits-all approach to managing the pandemic.Methods: The study adopted a qualitative approach. Two case studies namely Botswana and South Africa were used. Documentary evidence was drawn from these case studies.Results: To ensure that Southern African countries and indeed the world in general navigate the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, the World Health Organization (WHO) developed operational planning guidelines that had sought to balance the demands of responding effectively to COVID-19 and the need to serve economies from collapse. However, an analysis of the programmes of responses in South African countries such as Botswana showed the ‘domestication’ of the guidelines. Nevertheless, the guidelines, although having met with criticism in some cases had significantly contributed to the effective management of COVID-19 health and economic effects.Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic required the state and its institutions to exercise effective leadership and unified action. In South African countries such as Botswana and South Africa, this pandemic showed the importance of governments in shaping the effectiveness of national responses, strategies and approaches in tackling the crisis.

scholarly journals Management Information Systems – The Impact Of 5G Technologies: A Case of Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Josephine Shailemo
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Study Results ◽  
5G Technologies ◽  
The Impact

The study embarked on the management of information systems, what it is all about as well as the impact of fifth generation (5G) technologies, the advantages and disadvantages, and the countries that roll out 5G technologies in Africa. The study was done in some African countries, specifically South Africa, Lesotho, Namibia, and Nigeria. The study employed a survey research design and used a case study approach. Primary data were collected from the mentioned countries. Respondents were companies and few randomly identified individuals. The study identifies the advantages as well as disadvantages of 5G technologies. The study results show that most African countries are still invest in 5G technologies and those that are using it are yet to bear heavy costs.

Caregivers' Perceptions of Speech-Language Pathologist Talk About Child Language and Literacy Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 2049-2067
Author(s):  
Karmen L. Porter ◽  
Janna B. Oetting ◽  
Loretta Pecchioni
Keyword(s):  
Language And Literacy ◽  
Collective Case Study ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
Therapy Goals ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Types Of Information

Purpose This study examined caregiver perceptions of their child's language and literacy disorder as influenced by communications with their speech-language pathologist. Method The participants were 12 caregivers of 10 school-aged children with language and literacy disorders. Employing qualitative methods, a collective case study approach was utilized in which the caregiver(s) of each child represented one case. The data came from semistructured interviews, codes emerged directly from the caregivers' responses during the interviews, and multiple coding passes using ATLAS.ti software were made until themes were evident. These themes were then further validated by conducting clinical file reviews and follow-up interviews with the caregivers. Results Caregivers' comments focused on the types of information received or not received, as well as the clarity of the information. This included information regarding their child's diagnosis, the long-term consequences of their child's disorder, and the connection between language and reading. Although caregivers were adept at describing their child's difficulties and therapy goals/objectives, their comments indicated that they struggled to understand their child's disorder in a way that was meaningful to them and their child. Conclusions The findings showed the value caregivers place on receiving clear and timely diagnostic information, as well as the complexity associated with caregivers' understanding of language and literacy disorders. The findings are discussed in terms of changes that could be made in clinical practice to better support children with language and literacy disorders and their families.

Overcoming Challenges of International Migration Research: A Case Study Approach in Southern Mexico

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-143
Author(s):  
Julie Boyles
Keyword(s):  
International Migration ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Ethnographic Case Study ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Migration Research

An ethnographic case study approach to understanding women’s actions and reactions to husbands’ emigration—or potential emigration—offers a distinct set of challenges to a U.S.-based researcher.  International migration research in a foreign context likely offers challenges in language, culture, lifestyle, as well as potential gender norm impediments. A mixed methods approach contributed to successfully overcoming barriers through an array of research methods, strategies, and tactics, as well as practicing flexibility in data gathering methods. Even this researcher’s influence on the research was minimized and alleviated, to a degree, through ascertaining common ground with many of the women. Research with the women of San Juan Guelavía, Oaxaca, Mexico offered numerous and constant challenges, each overcome with ensuing rewards.

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