scholarly journals Virulence of Entomopathogenic Nematodes Steinernema glaseri and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar (HP88 strain) Against the Black Cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon.

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heba Hassan ◽  
Souad Shairra ◽  
Samah Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora ◽  
Agrotis Ipsilon ◽  
Black Cutworm ◽  
Steinernema Glaseri

scholarly journals Canadian entomopathogenic nematode isolates: virulence against black cutworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Bélair ◽  
Louis Simard ◽  
Julie Dionne
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Steinernema Carpocapsae ◽  
Agrotis Ipsilon ◽  
Black Cutworm ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

The virulence of ten indigenous and two commercial isolates of entomopathogenic nematodes against the black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon, was assessed under laboratory conditions. When comparing commercial isolates, Steinernema carpocapsae exhibited higher virulence than S. feltiae. One indigenous isolate of S. carpocapsae (6Sc) provided similar or higher virulence than the commercial isolate against black cutworm larvae. An indigenous strain of S. kraussei demonstrated low virulence in our study.

scholarly journals Evaluation of two native entomopathogenic nematodes against Odontotermes obesus (Rambur) (Isoptera: Termitidae) and Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sindhura Bhairavi ◽  
Badal Bhattacharyya ◽  
Gitanjali Devi ◽  
Sudhansu Bhagawati ◽  
Partha Pratim Gyanudoy Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora ◽  
Agrotis Ipsilon ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Odontotermes Obesus ◽  
Percent Mortality ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Abstract Background Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are one of the widely studied biological control agents. The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of two EPNs species, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar) (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) and Steinernema aciari (Qui, Yan, Zhou, Nguyen and Pang) (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), isolated locally from soils of Majuli river island, Assam, India against two important subterrenean pests; Odontotermes obesus (Rambur) (Isoptera: Termitidae) and Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under laboratory conditions. Results In case of O. obesus, mortality percent was recorded by H. bacteriophora after 72 h. at 300 IJs/termite and by S. aciari at 250 and 300 IJs/termite after 96 h. The lowest LD50 and LT50 values obtained for H. bacteriophora were 13.054 IJs/termite and 26.639 h., respectively, while those of S. aciari were 42.040 IJs/termite and 31.761 h., respectively. With respect to A. ipsilon, H. bacteriophora registered a highest mortality rate at 300 IJs/larvae after 144 h. S. aciari showed 100 percent mortality at 300 IJs/larva after 168 h. The lowest values of LD50 and LT50 for H. bacteriophora were 35.711 IJs/larva and 83.050 h., respectively. The lowest values of LD50 and LT50 for S. aciari were 71.192 IJs/larvae and 97.921 h., respectively. Overall, H. bacteriophora displayed more virulence toward O. obesus and A. ipsilon than S. aciari. Conclusion Both native EPNs were found effective against O. obesus and A. ipsilon. However, H. bacteriophora was more virulent toward O. obesus and A. ipsilon than S. aciari under the laboratory conditions.

Utilisation of entomopathogenic nematodes, Heterorhabditis spp. and Steinernema spp., for the control of Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) in China

Nematology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Yan ◽  
Xiandong Wang ◽  
Richou Han ◽  
Xuehong Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Larval Stage ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Agrotis Ipsilon ◽  
Exposure Rate ◽  
Black Cutworm ◽  
The Third ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) have good application prospects for the control of the black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon. In the present study, the effects of isolate, exposure rate, temperature and larval stage on EPN infectivity to A. ipsilon were evaluated. Results of in vitro tests showed that Steinernema carpocapsae Mex and Heterorhabditis indica LN2 were the most virulent and promising species, causing 80.0 and 83.3% mortality, respectively, to the third instar larvae at 25°C and 72 h after infection. Mortality of A. ipsilon caused by the nematodes was significantly affected by EPN exposure rate, temperature and the larval stage. Both S. carpocapsae and H. indica caused greater mortality to the third instar of A. ipsilon at 25°C than at 15, 20 and 30°C. Both EPN isolates also caused higher mortality to the second instar than to the third and fourth instar larvae of A. ipsilon. The field trials of EPN for the control of A. ipsilon also showed that S. carpocapsae Mex and H. indica LN2 reduced the damage caused by A. ipsilon and increased the cabbage yield when compared with the control. Both EPN isolates showed better control effects than cyfluthrin and Bacillus thuringiensis, indicating that these two EPN isolates could be used for sustainable control of A. ipsilon in vegetable fields in China.

Laboratory Studies of the Interactions of Environmental Conditions on the Susceptibility of Green June Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Grubs to Entomopathogenic Nematodes

1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica L. Townsend ◽  
Donn T. Johnson ◽  
Don C. Steinkraus
Keyword(s):  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Percentage Mortality ◽  
Steinernema Glaseri ◽  
Water Suspensions

In the laboratory, four nematode species differed significantly in the percentage mortality that each caused in second-instar green June beetles (grubs), Cotinis nitida (L.). Water suspensions of 1,000 infective juveniles (IJ)/one grub/Petri dish each of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Steinernema glaseri, and S. feltiae caused 34, 22 and 18% grub mortality, respectively. These values were significantly (P = 0.05) greater than the grub mortality caused by either S. carpocapsae (12%) or the water check (0%) that were similar. Several factors affected third- and fourth-instar susceptibility in the laboratory when exposed to 10,000 S. carpocapsae or H. bacteriophora IJ in 75 g of soil (133 IJ/cm3 soil)/plastic cup. Soil at 30% moisture by weight resulted in significantly more (P= 0.006) dead grubs (6.6%) than at 10% soil moisture (2.8%). Significantly more (P = 0.03) grubs died when at a grub density of 2 grubs/plastic cup (5.6%) than at 1 grub/plastic cup (3.8%). Significantly more (P = 0.01) grubs were killed by either S. carpocapsae and H. bacteriophora at a soil temperature of 25°C (6.5%) than at 12°C (2.8%). There was also a significant interaction of temperature and nematode species. Heterorhabditis bacteriophora killed significantly more (P= 0.02) grubs at 25°C (9.5%) than at 12°C (1.9%) and more than S. carpocapsae killed at either 12°C or 25°C (<3.9%). More virulent nematode strains or species than these four nematode species must be identified if green June beetles are to be controlled by nematodes.

Cellular reactions of the white grub larvae, Polyphylla adspersa, against entomopathogenic nematodes

Nematology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1047-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamileh Alvandi ◽  
Javad Karimi ◽  
Gary B. Dunphy
Keyword(s):  
Larval Stage ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora ◽  
Post Injection ◽  
White Grub ◽  
Maximum Percentage ◽  
Steinernema Glaseri ◽  
Encapsulation Rate

The haemocyte reactions of the white grub larvae Polyphylla adspersa to entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN), together with the host haemocyte types, have been studied. Six types of identified haemocytes included the prohaemocytes, granulocytes, plasmatocytes, oenocytoids, coagulocytes and spherulocytes. The granulocytes were the dominant (65.2%) haemocyte type followed by the plasmatocytes (22.1%). Both haemocyte types encapsulate EPN. White grub larvae and last larval stage of Galleria mellonella were individually infected with monoxenic Heterorhabditis bacteriophora or Steinernema glaseri. The maximum total haemocyte counts (THC) level of the white grub larvae against the nematode S. glaseri occurred at 12 h post-injection. In addition, by 8 h post-injection, the granulocyte and plasmatocyte levels decreased. The cell reactions of the grubs against H. bacteriophora in terms of THC and differential haemocyte counts and the encapsulation rate started earlier and were more pronounced than those against S. glaseri. The maximum percentage of the encapsulation observed in the white grub larvae against S. glaseri (27.3 ± 0.7%) and H. bacteriophora (36.5 ± 3.5%) occurred at 12 and 8 h post-injection, respectively. EPN-triggered encapsulation in P. adspersa larvae was more extensive than in G. mellonella larvae.

Field Evaluation of Steinernema carpocapsae (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) Against Black Cutworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae In Field Corn

1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eli Levine ◽  
Hassan Oloumi-Sadeghi
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Steinernema Carpocapsae ◽  
Agrotis Ipsilon ◽  
Black Cutworm ◽  
Field Corn ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Better Than

An entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) All strain (BioVector®), applied at two rates (1.25 and 2.5 × 109 nematodes/ha) was compared with several registered insecticides for controlling black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), larvae during the 1991 growing season in Illinois. Fonofos, tefluthrin and chlorpyrifos were applied at planting time; permethrin and the two rates of nematodes were applied as postemergence rescue treatments. The nematodes generally performed as well as or better than the conventional insecticides in controlling black cutworm larval injury to seedling corn. Bioassays with black cutworm larvae showed that nematode efficacy was lost 8 days after application in the field. Entomopathogenic nematodes hold promise for controlling black cutworms in corn, particularly for corn grown under irrigation.

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