The Effectiveness of Cross Training on Mental Toughness, Development of Special Physical Abilities, and The Degree of Skilled Performance in Aerobic Gymnastics

RESUMO Objetivos: Os programas de condicionamento extremo (ex. CrossFit, Cross Training, treinamento funcional realizado em alta intensidade, etc.) apresentam um desafio importante no desenvolvimento simultâneo de diversas valências físicas, tais como, força, força explosiva e a aptidão cardiovascular. Uma única sessão de treinamento pode induzir uma fadiga residual, que consequentemente pode prejudicar o desempenho durante o decorrer do treinamento se uma recuperação inadequada for realizada. Para minimizar esse tipo de interferência negativa, a periodização do treinamento deve considerar as características de treinamento concorrente presentes nos programas de condicionamento extremo. Conclusões: Apesar da literatura apresentar uma lacuna em relação aos modelos de periodização para os programas de condicionamento extremo, uma análise individual da periodização tradicional e em blocos nos permite observar que a periodização em blocos apresenta uma aplicabilidade maior para esse tipo de programa. ABSTRACT Objective: Extreme conditioning programs (ECP, e.g. CrossFit, CrossTraining, high intensity functional training, etc.) present a major challenge in the simultaneous development of various physical abilities, such as strength, explosive strength and cardiovascular fitness. A single training session can induce residual fatigue, which can consequently impair performance during the training if an improper recovery is performed. To minimize the effects of negative interference, training periodization should consider the concurrent training characteristics that was presented in extreme conditioning programs. Conclusions: Although the literature presents a gap in periodization models for extreme conditioning programs, an individual analysis of the traditional and block periodization and allows to observe that the block periodization presents a greater applicability for this type of programs. RESUMEN Objetivo: los programas de entrenamiento extremo (por ejemplo, CrossFit, Cross Training, entrenamiento funcional a alta intensidad, etc.) presentan un desafío importante al desarrollar diversas condiciones físicas como la fuerza, potencia o resistencia. Una única sesión de entrenamiento puede inducir una fatiga residual y, consecuentemente puede perjudicar el rendimiento a lo largo del entrenamiento si se realiza una recuperación inadecuada. Para reducir este tipo de interferencia negativa, la periodización del entrenamiento debe tener en cuenta las características concurrentes de este tipo de ejercicios presentes en los programas de entrenamiento extremo. Conclusiones: a pesar de que la literatura científica presenta una laguna de conocimiento en relación con los modelos de periodización para los programas de entrenamiento extremo, un análisis pormenorizado de la periodización tradicional y en bloques, nos permite observar que la periodización en bloques presenta una mayor aplicabilidad para este tipo de programas.

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The Effect of Using Cross Training on Improving Some of the Physical abilities of Basketball players and its Relationship to the Biochemical Variables .

Journal of Applied Sports Science ◽

10.21608/jass.2021.63020.1029 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 120-133

Author(s):

ayman Elkeky ◽

mohamed Esmail ◽

falah alkhaldy

Keyword(s):

Basketball Players ◽

Biochemical Variables ◽

Cross Training ◽

Physical Abilities

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Job Validation Studies and Physical Agility Testing: Is the Vendor Telling You What They Think You Want or Are You Telling Them What You Need?

Guides Newsletter ◽

10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.2016.novdec02 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 5-11

Author(s):

E. Randolph Soo Hoo ◽

Stephen L. Demeter

Keyword(s):

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission ◽

Job Analysis ◽

Specific Work ◽

Test Protocol ◽

Systematic Method ◽

Technical Standards ◽

Work Related ◽

Physical Abilities ◽

Specific Factors ◽

Key Terms

Abstract Referring agents may ask independent medical evaluators if the examinee can return to work in either a normal or a restricted capacity; similarly, employers may ask external parties to conduct this type of assessment before a hire or after an injury. Functional capacity evaluations (FCEs) are used to measure agility and strength, but they have limitations and use technical jargon or concepts that can be confusing. This article clarifies key terms and concepts related to FCEs. The basic approach to a job analysis is to collect information about the job using a variety of methods, analyze the data, and summarize the data to determine specific factors required for the job. No single, optimal job analysis or validation method is applicable to every work situation or company, but the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission offers technical standards for each type of validity study. FCEs are a systematic method of measuring an individual's ability to perform various activities, and results are matched to descriptions of specific work-related tasks. Results of physical abilities/agilities tests are reported as “matching” or “not matching” job demands or “pass” or “fail” meeting job criteria. Individuals who fail an employment physical agility test often challenge the results on the basis that the test was poorly conducted, that the test protocol was not reflective of the job, or that levels for successful completion were inappropriate.

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Clinical Update: Functional Capacity Evaluations and Disability

Guides Newsletter ◽

10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.1998.marapr02 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 4-5

Author(s):

Glenn Pransky

Keyword(s):

Direct Observation ◽

Functional Capacity ◽

Work Capacity ◽

Functional Capacity Evaluation ◽

Whole Body ◽

Validity Of Results ◽

Job Tasks ◽

Capacity Evaluation ◽

Physical Abilities ◽

The Relationship

Abstract According to the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment, a functional capacity evaluation (FCE) measures an individual's physical abilities via a set of activities in a structured setting and provides objective data about the relationship between an impairment and maximal ability to perform work activities. A key distinction between FCEs and self-reported activities of daily living is that the former involve direct observation by professional evaluators. Numerous devices can quantify the physical function of a specific part of the musculoskeletal system but do not address the performance of whole body tasks in the workplace, and these devices have not been shown to predict accurately the ability to perform all but the simplest job tasks. Information about reliability has been proposed as a way to identify magnification and malingering, but variability due to pain and poor comprehension of instructions may cause variations in assessments. Structured work capacity evaluations involve a set of activities but likely underestimate the individual's ability to do jobs that involve complex or varying activities. Job simulations involve direct observation of an individual performing actual job tasks, require a skilled and experienced evaluator, and raise questions about expense, time, objectivity and validity of results, and interpretation of results in terms of the ability to perform specific jobs. To understand the barriers to return to work, examiners must supplement FCEs with information regarding workplace environment, accommodations, and demotivators.

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