Serodiagnosis of Lumpy Skin Disease Using Sheep Pox Virus Compared to a Commercial ELISA Kit

Vaccines form the cornerstone of any control, eradication and preventative strategy and this is no different for lumpy skin disease. However, the usefulness of a vaccine is determined by a multiplicity of factors which include stability, efficiency, safety and ease of use, to name a few. Although the vaccination campaign in the Balkans against lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) was successful and has been implemented with success in the past in other countries, data of vaccine failure have also been reported. It was therefore the purpose of this study to compare five homologous live attenuated LSDV vaccines (LSDV LAV) in a standardized setting. All five LSDV LAVs studied were able to protect against a challenge with virulent LSDV. Aside from small differences in serological responses, important differences were seen in side effects such as a local reaction and a Neethling response upon vaccination between the analyzed vaccines. These observations can have important implications in the applicability in the field for some of these LSDV LAVs.

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Development of a Safe and Highly Efficient Inactivated Vaccine Candidate against Lumpy Skin Disease Virus

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines9010004 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 4

Author(s):

Janika Wolff ◽

Tom Moritz ◽

Kore Schlottau ◽

Donata Hoffmann ◽

Martin Beer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skin Disease ◽

Animal Health ◽

Vaccine Virus ◽

Lumpy Skin Disease ◽

Virus Shedding ◽

Clinical Protection ◽

Inactivated Vaccines ◽

Disease Free ◽

World Organisation ◽

Free Status

Capripox virus (CaPV)-induced diseases (lumpy skin disease, sheeppox, goatpox) are described as the most serious pox diseases of livestock animals, and therefore are listed as notifiable diseases under guidelines of the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). Until now, only live-attenuated vaccines are commercially available for the control of CaPV. Due to numerous potential problems after vaccination (e.g., loss of the disease-free status of the respective country, the possibility of vaccine virus shedding and transmission as well as the risk of recombination with field strains during natural outbreaks), the use of these vaccines must be considered carefully and is not recommended in CaPV-free countries. Therefore, innocuous and efficacious inactivated vaccines against CaPV would provide a great tool for control of these diseases. Unfortunately, most inactivated Capripox vaccines were reported as insufficient and protection seemed to be only short-lived. Nevertheless, a few studies dealing with inactivated vaccines against CaPV are published, giving evidence for good clinical protection against CaPV-infections. In our studies, a low molecular weight copolymer-adjuvanted vaccine formulation was able to induce sterile immunity in the respective animals after severe challenge infection. Our findings strongly support the possibility of useful inactivated vaccines against CaPV-infections, and indicate a marked impact of the chosen adjuvant for the level of protection.

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Seroprevalence and risk factors for lumpy skin disease in cattle in Northern Egypt

Tropical Animal Health and Production ◽

10.1007/s11250-021-02786-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 53 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Abdelfattah Selim ◽

Eman Manaa ◽

Hanem Khater

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Skin Disease ◽

Lumpy Skin Disease ◽

Northern Egypt

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Development of an inactivated combined vaccine for protection of cattle against Lumpy skin disease and Bluetongue viruses

Veterinary Microbiology ◽

10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109046 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 109046

Author(s):

Youness Es-sadeqy ◽

Zahra Bamouh ◽

Abderrahim Ennahli ◽

Najete Safini ◽

Soufiane El Mejdoub ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skin Disease ◽

Lumpy Skin Disease ◽

Combined Vaccine

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Production of small ruminant morbillivirus, rift valley fever virus and lumpy skin disease virus in CelCradle™ -500A bioreactors

BMC Veterinary Research ◽

10.1186/s12917-021-02801-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Halima Rhazi ◽

Najete Safini ◽

Karima Mikou ◽

Meryeme Alhyane ◽

Khalid Omari Tadlaoui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Disease Virus ◽

Skin Disease ◽

Rift Valley ◽

Rift Valley Fever ◽

Rift Valley Fever Virus ◽

Fever Virus ◽

Valley Fever ◽

Lumpy Skin Disease ◽

Lumpy Skin Disease Virus ◽

Cell Factories

Abstract Background Animal vaccination is an important way to stop the spread of diseases causing immense damage to livestock and economic losses and the potential transmission to humans. Therefore effective method for vaccine production using simple and inexpensive bioprocessing solutions is very essential. Conventional culture systems currently in use, tend to be uneconomic in terms of labor and time involved. Besides, they offer a limited surface area for growth of cells. In this study, the CelCradle™-500A was evaluated as an alternative to replace conventional culture systems in use such as Cell factories for the production of viral vaccines against small ruminant morbillivirus (PPR), rift valley fever virus (RVF) and lumpy skin disease virus (LSD). Results Two types of cells Vero and primary Lamb Testis cells were used to produce these viruses. The study was done in 2 phases as a) optimization of cell growth and b) virus cultivation. Vero cells could be grown to significantly higher cell densities of 3.04 × 109 using the CelCradle™-500A with a shorter doubling time as compared to 9.45 × 108 cells in Cell factories. This represents a 19 fold increase in cell numbers as compared to seeding vs only 3.7 fold in Cell factories. LT cells achieved modestly higher cell densities of 6.7 × 108 as compared to 6.3 × 108 in Cell factories. The fold change in densities for these cells was 3 fold in the CelCradle™-500A vs 2.5 fold in Cell factories. The titers in the conventional system and the bioreactor were not significantly different. However, the Cell-specific virus yield for rift valley fever virus and lumpy skin disease virus are higher (25 virions/cell for rift valley fever virus, and 21.9 virions/cell for lumpy skin disease virus versus 19.9 virions/cell for rift valley fever virus and 10 virions/cell for lumpy skin disease virus). Conclusions This work represents a novel study for primary lamb testis cell culture in CellCradle™-500A bioreactors. In addition, on account of the high cell densities obtained and the linear scalability the titers could be further optimized using other culture process such us perfusion.

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Lumpy skin disease in Kazakhstan

Tropical Animal Health and Production ◽

10.1007/s11250-021-02613-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mukhit B. Orynbayev ◽

Raikhan K. Nissanova ◽

Berik M. Khairullin ◽

Arman Issimov ◽

Kunsulu D. Zakarya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Disease Virus ◽

Cell Cultures ◽

Skin Disease ◽

Stomoxys Calcitrans ◽

Lumpy Skin Disease ◽

Dermacentor Marginatus ◽

The Third ◽

Gpcr Gene ◽

Mdbk Cells ◽

The Republic

AbstractThis study describes the registration of the first cases of lumpy skin disease in July 2016 in the Republic of Kazakhstan. In the rural district of Makash, Kurmangazinsky district of Atyrau region, 459 cattle fell ill and 34 died (morbidity 12.9% and mortality 0.96%). To determine the cause of the disease, samples were taken from sick and dead animals, as well as from insects and ticks. LSDV DNA was detected by PCR in all samples from dead animals and ticks (Dermacentor marginatus and Hyalomma asiaticum), in 14.29% of samples from horseflies (Tabanus bromius), and in one of the samples from two Stomoxys calcitrans flies. The reproductive LSD virus was isolated from organs of dead cattle and insects in the culture of LT and MDBK cells. The virus accumulated in cell cultures of LT and MDBK at the level of the third passage with titers in the range of 5.5–5.75 log 10 TCID50/cm3. Sequencing of the GPCR gene allowed us to identify this virus as a lumpy skin disease virus.

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