Chlorinated Organics in Nearshore Waters and Tributaries of the St. Clair River

1986 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry G. Oliver ◽  
Klaus L.E. Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Chemical Company ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The concent rat ions of hexachloroethane (HCE), hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD), pentachlorobenzene (QCB), hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and octachlorostyrene (OCS) in large volume water samples show that the major sources of these chemicals to the St. Clair River are Dow Chemical Company effluents and, to a lesser degree, Sarnia’s Township ditch which drains one of Dow’s waste disposal sites. Tributaries entering the river on both sides of the Canada/United States border contain measurable concentrations of these chemicals indicating low level contamination throughout the area. The degree of water/suspended sediment partitioning of the chemicals (Kp) was studied. Kp values for the individual chemicals changed in a manner consistent with changes in their physical-chemical properties.

Sorption Kinetics of Uranium-238, Neptunium-237, Caesium-134, and Strontium-85 on a Glacial Deposit

1997 ◽  
Vol 506 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.N. Moyes ◽  
D.J. Bunker ◽  
J.T. Smith ◽  
F.R. Livens ◽  
C.R. Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Kinetic Models ◽  
Sorption Kinetics ◽  
Kinetic Control ◽  
Glacial Deposit ◽  
Sorption Behaviour ◽  
Low Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Uptake Mechanisms

ABSTRACTBatch sorption experiments have been used to assess the sorption behaviour of four radionuclides, important in the context of low-level waste disposal, on a glacial substrate. Data for sorption of 238U, 237Np, 134Cs and 85Sr are compared and agree well with independent studies. A series of well-established kinetic models have been used to describe the individual uptake mechanisms and rate parameters reported. Sorption occurs via both equilibrium and kinetically controlled pathways, with neptunium sorption being under kinetic control to the greatest extent.

The Behaviour and Fate of Arctic Oil Spills

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Bobra ◽  
M. F. Fingas
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Beaufort Sea ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Physical Movement ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Physical Environments ◽  
The Individual

A brief overview is provided, based on several recent reports, of the dominant factors and processes which influence the behaviour and physical fate of spilled crude oil in the remote harsh Arctic offshore regions. These factors and processes include physical-chemical properties, evaporation, dispersion, dissolution, emulsification, physical movement and interaction with ice. Rates of the individual dominant processes for a typical Beaufort oil in the Beaufort Sea under different physical environments are approximated and applied to various spill scenarios. Research needs in this field are summarized.

Trench Water Chemistry at Commercially Operated Low-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal Sites

1982 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Pietrzak ◽  
R. Dayal ◽  
M. T. Kinsley ◽  
J. Clinton ◽  
K. S. Czyscinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Chelating Agents ◽  
Radioactive Waste Disposal ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Acidic Conditions ◽  
Physical Changes ◽  
Low Level Radioactive Waste

ABSTRACTWater samples from the disposal trenches of two low-level radioactive waste burial sites were analyzed for their inorganic, organic, and radionuclide contents. Since oxidation of the trench waters can occur during their movement along the groundwater flow path,experiments were performed to measure the chemical and physical changes that occur in these waters upon oxidation. In addition to the highly acidic conditions of the oxidized Maxey Flats trench water, low concentrations of chelating agents, shown to exist in trench waters, may be responsible for keeping radionuclides in solution following oxidation of anoxic trench leachates from Maxey Flats and West Valley burial sites.

Automated dead-end ultrafiltration of large volume water samples to enable detection of low-level targets and reduce sample variability

2012 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.D. Leskinen ◽  
E.A. Kearns ◽  
W.L. Jones ◽  
R.S. Miller ◽  
C.R. Bevitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Volume ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Dead End

Comparing Two Measures of Electoral Integrity in the American States

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-100
Author(s):  
Patrick Flavin ◽  
Gregory Shufeldt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Performance Index ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Low Level ◽  
American States ◽  
Low Correlation ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
The Individual

We compare two widely publicized measures of state electoral integrity in the United States: the Electoral Integrity Project’s 2016 U.S. Perceptions of Electoral Integrity Survey and the Pew 2014 Elections Performance Index. First, we review the theoretical and empirical differences between the two measures and find that they correlate at a surprisingly low level across the states. Second, given this low correlation, we examine the component parts of these indices and find that both are capturing multiple dimensions. Third, we examine how the components and the individual indicators that comprise each measure are linked to citizens’ stated perceptions about electoral integrity. Throughout the article, we articulate a set of preemptive recommendations that urge researchers to be cautious and deliberate when choosing among measures of electoral integrity to use in future empirical studies.

A Summary of Radiological Waste Disposal Practices in the United States and the United Kingdom

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria M. Maranville ◽  
Richard McGrath
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
The United States ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Low Level ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Uk

A systematic review of near-surface repositories for radioactive waste in the United States (US) was conducted. The main focus of the review consisted of a literature search of available documents and other published sources on low level radioactive waste (LLRW) disposal practices, remediation of LLRW sites in the US, and public participation for remediation efforts of near-surface radiological waste disposal sites in the US. This review was undertaken to provide background information in support of work by the United Kingdom’s (UK) Low Level Waste Repository (LLWR) and to aid in optimizing the future management of this site. The review contained a summary of the US and UK radiological waste classification requirements including a discussion of the waste types, disposal requirements, and the differences between US and UK disposal practices. A regulatory overview and evolution of regulatory requirements in the US is presented. The UK regulatory environment is also discussed and contrasted to the US process. The public participation, as part of the US regulatory process, is provided and the mechanism for stakeholder identification and involvement is detailed. To demonstrate how remediation of radiologically impacted sites is implemented in the US, existing US case studies, in which remediation activities were carried out, were reviewed. The following information was compiled: type of wastes disposed of to US shallow ground facilities [with comparison with UK classifications], facility designs (with special emphasis on those directly comparable to the subsurface conditions in the UK), and deficiencies identified in operation or in demonstrating safe post closure; and processes and difficulties in remedial actions encountered at the selected sites. Stakeholder involvement is discussed within the case studies. Publicly available information related to radiological waste management and disposal practices were reviewed. Two sites are presented in this publication for discussion. These US sites were selected based on the site similarities to conditions in the UK.

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