Estimation of the fate of microbial water quality contaminants in a South African river

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 271-274
Author(s):  
D. Hohls ◽  
G. du Plessis ◽  
S. N. Venter ◽  
M. C. Steynberg ◽  
C. M. E. De Wet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
South African ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Stream Water Quality ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Microbial Water Quality ◽  
First Order ◽  
Effective Manner

The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity of assumptions, regarding assimilative capacity for microbial contaminants, implicit in microbial water quality management in South Africa. A one dimensional steady state stream water quality model, assuming first order decay of microbial water quality variables, was employed in an attempt to describe and predict microbial water quality in the chosen catchment. Based on the faecal coliform counts the results indicated that the processes of decay and dilution were inadequate to yield water quality which complied with South African and international guidelines for the domestic and recreational use of water. It was also found that a first order decay model can, with fairly limited data, allow a manager to investigate different microbial water quality scenarios in a cost-effective manner.

Management of microbial water quality: new perspectives for developing areas

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 183-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Steynberg ◽  
S. N. Venter ◽  
C. M. E. de Wet ◽  
G. du Plessis ◽  
D. Holhs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Stream Water Quality ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Microbial Water Quality ◽  
Micro Organisms

A case study indicated that the high number of pathogenic micro-organisms in the Rietspruit, South Africa, can impact water uses. Factors contributing to high microbial numbers are high density population with limited services provided per site, sabotage of the sewage reticulation system, lack of money and management skills to provide the essential services and limited integrated development planning for the catchment. Due to non-steady state conditions in the catchment, the specific use and physical characteristics of the river and the difficulty in determining flow, the usefulness of a steady-state stream water quality model as a management tool is limited. Determining the decay rate of micro-organisms by means of chamber studies, may be a first step to predict microbial water quality. Involving the community in preventing microbial pollution may be a more appropriate tool for microbial water quality management in developing areas.

Application of Expert Systems Technology in Water Quality Modeling

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 1045-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas O. Barnwell ◽  
Linfield C. Brown ◽  
Wiktor Marek
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Expert Systems ◽  
Knowledge Engineering ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Environmental Modeling ◽  
Water Quality Modeling ◽  
Stream Water Quality ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Available Technology

Computerized modeling is becoming an integral part of decision making in water pollution control. Expert systems is an innovative methodology that can assist in building, using, and interpreting the output of these models. This paper reviews the use and evaluates the potential of expert systems technology in environmental modeling and describes elements of an expert advisor for the stream water quality model QUAL2E. Some general conclusions are presented about the tools available to develop this system, the level of available technology in knowledge-based engineering, and the value of approaching problems from a knowledge engineering perspective.

Application of an in-stream water quality model to assist the implementation of the Water Framework Directive to a catchment in Southwest Finland

River Systems ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 155-173
Author(s):  
M. Thouvenot ◽  
H. Hämäläinen ◽  
T. Kirkkala ◽  
D. B. Boorman ◽  
M. Hutchins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Framework Directive ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Water Quality Model ◽  
Stream Water Quality ◽  
Quality Model

A reaction-based river/stream water quality model: Model development and numerical schemes

2008 ◽  
Vol 348 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 496-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Gour-Tsyh Yeh ◽  
Jack C. Parker ◽  
Philip M. Jardine
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Water Quality Model ◽  
Numerical Schemes ◽  
Stream Water Quality ◽  
Quality Model

Fuzzy expert system to determine stream water quality classification from ecological information

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. K. Lee ◽  
K. D. Oh ◽  
D. H. Park ◽  
J. H. Jung ◽  
S. J. Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Expert System ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Fuzzy Expert System ◽  
Stream Water Quality ◽  
Ecological Information ◽  
Quality Classification ◽  
Water Quality Classification

Water quality classification for stream has been major tool for water quality management in Korea. This paper examines the application of the fuzzy inference mechanism to develop a fuzzy expert system for proper determination of WQCS from uncertain and imprecise ecological information. This study proposes a rule matrix composed of seven water quality grades, toxicity of water and rarity of cases. From this rule matrix, 30 rules for WQCS determination are generated. From the comparison of performance of the fuzzy expert system and the conventional expert system for the determination of class, toxicity, and rarity, it seems that the smoothly varying curves of WQCS determination from the fuzzy expert system represent our real-world experience more realistically than stepwise curves from the conventional expert system.

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