Application of Expert Systems Technology in Water Quality Modeling

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 1045-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas O. Barnwell ◽  
Linfield C. Brown ◽  
Wiktor Marek
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Expert Systems ◽  
Knowledge Engineering ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Environmental Modeling ◽  
Water Quality Modeling ◽  
Stream Water Quality ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Available Technology

Computerized modeling is becoming an integral part of decision making in water pollution control. Expert systems is an innovative methodology that can assist in building, using, and interpreting the output of these models. This paper reviews the use and evaluates the potential of expert systems technology in environmental modeling and describes elements of an expert advisor for the stream water quality model QUAL2E. Some general conclusions are presented about the tools available to develop this system, the level of available technology in knowledge-based engineering, and the value of approaching problems from a knowledge engineering perspective.

Application of an in-stream water quality model to assist the implementation of the Water Framework Directive to a catchment in Southwest Finland

River Systems ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 155-173
Author(s):  
M. Thouvenot ◽  
H. Hämäläinen ◽  
T. Kirkkala ◽  
D. B. Boorman ◽  
M. Hutchins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Framework Directive ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Water Quality Model ◽  
Stream Water Quality ◽  
Quality Model

Estimation of the fate of microbial water quality contaminants in a South African river

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 271-274
Author(s):  
D. Hohls ◽  
G. du Plessis ◽  
S. N. Venter ◽  
M. C. Steynberg ◽  
C. M. E. De Wet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
South African ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Stream Water Quality ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Microbial Water Quality ◽  
First Order ◽  
Effective Manner

The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity of assumptions, regarding assimilative capacity for microbial contaminants, implicit in microbial water quality management in South Africa. A one dimensional steady state stream water quality model, assuming first order decay of microbial water quality variables, was employed in an attempt to describe and predict microbial water quality in the chosen catchment. Based on the faecal coliform counts the results indicated that the processes of decay and dilution were inadequate to yield water quality which complied with South African and international guidelines for the domestic and recreational use of water. It was also found that a first order decay model can, with fairly limited data, allow a manager to investigate different microbial water quality scenarios in a cost-effective manner.

A reaction-based river/stream water quality model: Model development and numerical schemes

2008 ◽  
Vol 348 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 496-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Gour-Tsyh Yeh ◽  
Jack C. Parker ◽  
Philip M. Jardine
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Water Quality Model ◽  
Numerical Schemes ◽  
Stream Water Quality ◽  
Quality Model

Management of microbial water quality: new perspectives for developing areas

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 183-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Steynberg ◽  
S. N. Venter ◽  
C. M. E. de Wet ◽  
G. du Plessis ◽  
D. Holhs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Stream Water Quality ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Microbial Water Quality ◽  
Micro Organisms

A case study indicated that the high number of pathogenic micro-organisms in the Rietspruit, South Africa, can impact water uses. Factors contributing to high microbial numbers are high density population with limited services provided per site, sabotage of the sewage reticulation system, lack of money and management skills to provide the essential services and limited integrated development planning for the catchment. Due to non-steady state conditions in the catchment, the specific use and physical characteristics of the river and the difficulty in determining flow, the usefulness of a steady-state stream water quality model as a management tool is limited. Determining the decay rate of micro-organisms by means of chamber studies, may be a first step to predict microbial water quality. Involving the community in preventing microbial pollution may be a more appropriate tool for microbial water quality management in developing areas.

scholarly journals Towards benchmarking an in-stream water quality model

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 623-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. Boorman
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Quality Model ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Stream Water Quality ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Benchmark Model ◽  
Model Code

Abstract. A method of model evaluation is presented which utilises a comparison with a benchmark model. The proposed benchmarking concept is one that can be applied to many hydrological models but, in this instance, is implemented in the context of an in-stream water quality model. The benchmark model is defined in such a way that it is easily implemented within the framework of the test model, i.e. the approach relies on two applications of the same model code rather than the application of two separate model codes. This is illustrated using two case studies from the UK, the Rivers Aire and Ouse, with the objective of simulating a water quality classification, general quality assessment (GQA), which is based on dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand and ammonium. Comparisons between the benchmark and test models are made based on GQA, as well as a step-wise assessment against the components required in its derivation. The benchmarking process yields a great deal of important information about the performance of the test model and raises issues about a priori definition of the assessment criteria.

A System for Control of River Water Quality for the Community of Madrid Using QUAL2E

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1867-1873 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Cubillo ◽  
B. Rodriguez ◽  
T. O. Barnwell
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
User Interface ◽  
River Water ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Stream Water Quality ◽  
Quality Model

The Stream Water Quality Model QUAL2E has been applied to the major rivers of the Comunidad de Madrid in Spain by Canal de Isabel II. Canal de Isabel II is the company responsible for management of Madrid's water supply and waste treatment system. Initially, the model was applied in planning a waste treatment expansion program. Now, QUAL2E is being used to assist in the management of waste treatment plants and in the evaluation of river water quality controls. To facilitate interaction with the model, a comprehensive user interface specific to the Madrid network was written. This paper discusses the unique water quality problems of Madrid, shows how the QUAL2E model was calibrated and verified on the rivers of Madrid, and describes the user interface developed to allow interaction with the model by decision makers in the Regional Government.

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