Reliability of sewer flow quality models - results of a North Rhine-Westphalian comparison

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
H.-J. Russ
Keyword(s):  
Model Calibration ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Model Application ◽  
Quality Models ◽  
Flow Quality ◽  
Calibration And Verification ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Flow Quantity

In North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany a project for the evaluation of sewer flow quantity and quality models was carried out with the aid of measured data in 1986 to 1991. Measurement projects in two real subcatchments in the cities of Solingen and Düsseldorf delivered the data for model calibration and verification. 10 models with different approaches for quantity and quality simulation took part in a relative and an absolute comparison. This report focuses on some selected results of the absolute comparison and discusses the reliability and accuracy of model application.

Sewer flow quality modelling

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 177-184
Author(s):  
Lennart Heip ◽  
Johan Van Assel ◽  
Patrick Swartenbroekx
Keyword(s):  
Model Calibration ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Hydraulic Behaviour ◽  
Measuring Campaign ◽  
Flow Quality ◽  
Wet Weather ◽  
Calibration And Verification ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Dry Weather Flow

Within the framework of an EC-funded SPRINT-project, a sewer flow quality model of a typical rural Flemish catchment was set up. The applicability of such a model is demonstrated. Furthermore a methodology for model building, data collection and model calibration and verification is proposed. To this end an intensive 9 month measuring campaign was undertaken. The hydraulic behaviour of the sewer network was continuously monitored during those 9 months. During both dry weather flow (DWF) and wet weather flow (WWF) a number of sewage samples were taken and analysed for BOD, COD, TKN, TP and TSS. This resulted in 286 WWF and 269 DWF samples. The model was calibrated and verified with these data. Finally a software independent methodology for interpretation of the model results is proposed.

Stormwater pollutant loads modelling: epistemological aspects and case studies on the influence of field data sets on calibration and verification

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Luc Bertrand-Krajewski
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Model Calibration ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Stormwater Quality ◽  
Quality Models ◽  
Pollutant Loads ◽  
Detention Tank ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Calibration And Verification

In urban drainage, stormwater quality models have been used by researchers and practitioners for more than 15 years. Most of them were initially developed for research purposes, and have been later on implemented in commercial software packages devoted to operational needs. This paper presents some epistemological problems and difficulties with practical consequences in the application of stormwater quality models, such as simplified representation of reality, scaling-up, over-parameterisation, transition from calibration to verification and prediction, etc. Two case studies (one to estimate pollutant loads at the outlet of a catchment, one to design a detention tank to reach a given pollutant interception efficiency), with simple and detailed stormwater quality models, illustrate some of the above problems. It is hard to find, if not impossible, an “optimum” or “best” unique set of parameters values. Model calibration and verification appear to dramatically depend on the data sets used for their calibration and verification. Compared to current practice, collecting more and reliable data is absolutely necessary.

scholarly journals Multi-step building energy model calibration process based on measured data

2021 ◽  
Vol 252 ◽  
pp. 111380
Author(s):  
José Eduardo Pachano ◽  
Carlos Fernández Bandera
Keyword(s):  
Model Calibration ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Energy Model ◽  
Calibration Process

scholarly journals Commissioning Measurements of Electron Beam Using Montecarlo Algorithm on Truebeam STx® and Compariaon with Clinac iX Linear Accelerator

2021 ◽  
Vol 229 ◽  
pp. 01041
Author(s):  
Kamal Saidi ◽  
Redouane El Baydaoui ◽  
Hanae El Gouach ◽  
Othmane Kaanouch ◽  
Mohamed Reda Mesradi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Beams ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Field Size ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Water Phantom ◽  
Depth Dose ◽  
International University ◽  
The Absolute

TrueBeam STx latest generation linear accelerators (linacs) installed at Sheikh Khalifa International University Hospital in Casablanca, Morocco. The aim of this is to present and compare the result of the Electron commissioning measurement on TrueBeam Stx and clinac iX installed at Sheikh Khalifa International University Hospital in Casablanca, Morocco. A compariaon of eMC calculations and measurements for TrueBeam Stx were evaluated. Dosimetric parameters are systematically measured using a large water phantom 3D scanning system MP3 Water Phantom (PTW, Freiburg, Germany). The data of the electron beams commissioning including depth dose curves for each applicator, depth dose curves without applicator and the profile in air for a large field size 40x 40cm2, and the Absolute Dose (cGy/MU) for each applicator. All the data were examined and compared for five electron beams (E6MeV, E9MeV, E12MeV, E16MeV and E20MeV) of Varian’s TrueBeam STx and Clinac iX machines. A comparison, between measurement PDDs and calculated by the Eclipse electron Monte Carlo (eMC) algorithm were performed to validate Truebeam Stx commissioning. All this measurements were performed with a Roos and Markus plane parallel chamber. Our measured data indicated that electron beam PDDs from the TrueBeam Stx machine are well matched to those from our Varian Clinac iX machine. Significant differences between TrueBeam and Clinac iX were found in in‐air profiles and open field output. Maximum depth dose for the TrueBeam Stx and Clinac iX for the following energies (6, 9, 12, 16, 20 MeV) are respectively (1.15; 1.89; 2.6; 3.1; and 2.35) and (1.24; 1.95; 2.70; 2.99 and 2.4cm). For the TrueBeam Stx and Clinac iX the quality index R50 for applicator 15x15 cm2 are in the tolerance intervals. Surface dose increases by increasing energy for both machines. The Absolute Dose (cGy/MU) calibrated for both machine in Dmax at 1cGy/MU for the reference field size cone 15x15 cm2. Bremsstrahlung tail Rp per energy levels as follows for the TrueBeam Stx : 6 MeV – 2.85 cm, 9 MeV – 4.28 cm, 12 MeV – 5.97 cm, 16 MeV – 7.88 cm and 20 MeV – 9.86 cm. and for the Clinac iX : 6 MeV – 2.86 cm, 9 MeV – 4.32 cm, 12 MeV – 5.96 cm, 16 MeV – 7.93 cm and 20 MeV – 10.08 cm. A good agreement between modeled and measured data is observed.

scholarly journals SHORT COMMUNICATION: Validation of a novel milk progesterone based tool to monitor luteolysis in dairy cows. Performance on cost-effective, on-farm measured data

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ines Adriaens ◽  
Wouter Saeys ◽  
Katleen Geerinckx ◽  
Bart De Ketelaere ◽  
Ben Aernouts
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Absolute Measurement ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Monitoring Tool ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
The Moment ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Monitoring Algorithm

INTERPRETATIVE SUMMARYValidation of luteolysis monitoring tool Adriaens.Recently, a novel progesterone-based monitoring algorithm using synergistic control, PMASC, was developed. This algorithm employs the known luteal dynamics of the progesterone profile to estimate the moment of luteolysis with minimal dependence on the absolute measurement values. As its value and implementability strongly dependends on the number of samples it requires to obtain the desired accuracy, its performance on cost-effective, ‘smart’ sampled and on-farm measured data is demonstrated.SHORT COMMUNICATIONValidation of a novel milk progesterone based tool to monitor luteolysis in dairy cows. Performance on cost-effective, on-farm measured data

Pollutant Release from Sediments in Sewer Systems and Their Potential for Release into Receiving Waters

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. McGregor ◽  
R. M. Ashley ◽  
K. O K. Oduyemi
Keyword(s):  
Research Centre ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Quality Models ◽  
Water Research ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Lower Shear ◽  
Sewer Systems ◽  
Receiving Waters ◽  
Flow Quality ◽  
The Uk

A programme of work funded by the UK Water Research Centre (WRc) has been carried out to investigate the nature, occurrence and re-entrainment into the sewage flow of sewer sediments and their associated pollutants to provide data for the development of UK sewer flow quality models, MOSQITO and MOUSETRAP. Methodologies for the preparation of sewer sediment samples prior to chemical analysis are described. These methods have been developed to determine the level of pollutants released from sewer sediments which will be representative of the conditions found in the sewer environment. Application of progressively lower shear stresses to samples of sediment, from an extreme, via blending, to less severe preparative methods by means of a stirring technique, fractionate sediment samples so that the polluting potential may be assessed separately for both dissolved and resuspendable phases. Stirring preparative methods release less pollutants from a sediment sample than from the blending procedures, with the level of pollutant release being dependent upon the shear stress being applied to the sample, with higher shear values releasing as would be expected, more pollutants.

Single-Sludge Nitrogen Removal Model: Calibration and Verification

1999 ◽  
Vol 125 (7) ◽  
pp. 608-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yerachmiel Argaman ◽  
Gregory Papkov ◽  
Avi Ostfeld ◽  
David Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Model Calibration ◽  
Calibration And Verification ◽  
Removal Model
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