Morphology of Coronary Arteries in relation to Ischemic Heart Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelio Leone
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Coronary Circulation ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Ventricular Wall ◽  
The Right

Background: Background. The anatomical features of the coronary circulation show some interesting data which have been obtained by both in vivo and postmortem studies. Methods: This editorial describes the morphology and main alterations of coronary arteries, which supply blood flow to heart muscle, observed in the ischemic heart disease. Results : The great majority of myocardial muscle is under the control of the left coronary arteries: the left main coronary artery and its branches, the left anterior descending artery, and circumflex artery, which provide several arterial vessels particularly to the left anterior ventricular wall, interventricular septum and apex of the heart. Therefore, a large portion of the posterior left ventricular wall is supplied by left coronary circulation. The right coronary artery supplies blood flow to the posterior wall of the heart and the right atrium. Coronary anastomoses have been demonstrated into the myocardium showing that coronary arteries widely communicate among themselves. The main lesions of the coronary tree in subjects suffering from ischemic heart disease are related to coronary atherosclerosis. Conclusion: Morphology of coronary arteries is strongly influenced by ischemic pathology of the heart.

Association of Atrial Fibrillation with Coronary Lesion in Ischemic Heart Disease Patients

Kardiologiia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 5-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. I. Yaroslavskaya ◽  
V. A. Kuznetsov ◽  
E. A. Gorbatenko ◽  
L. V. Marinskikh
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Circulation ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Coronary Artery Lesions

Aim: to find out whether atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) is related to some definite localization or extent of coronary artery lesions or type of coronary circulation. Materials and methods. We compared data of clinical, laboratory, and instrumental examination of 178 IHD patients from the Registry of coronary angiography of patients with AF (main group) and 331 patients (comparison group) selected according to propensity score matching with balancing by sex, age, body mass index, severity of chronic heart failure, frequency of myocardial infarctions, detection of arterial hypertension, and thyroid diseases. Results. The groups did not differ in terms of alcohol use, frequency of smoking, and detection of diabetes. Patients with AF compared with those without had higher mean heart rate (105±32 vs. 70±13 bpm, р<0.001), lower level of triglycerides (1.74±1.08 vs. 1.94±1.17 mmol / l, р=0.019). AF patients more rarely had class III–IV effort angina (52.9 % vs. 66.5 %, р=0.041). Rate of detection of left ventricular (LV) dilatation and index of LV asynergy in both groups were similar, but absolute dimensions and indexes of LV, left atrium, right ventricle, LV myocardial mass were higher in the AF group. Hemodynamically significant mitral regurgitation and lowering of LV contractility were more often detected in patients with AF (49.1 % vs. 18.4 %, р<0.001, and 56.2 % vs. 39.5 %, р<0.001, in main and comparison groups, respectively). Analysis of coronary angiography data showed that patients with compared with those without AF more often had right type of coronary circulation (87.5 % vs. 80.4 %, р=0.043) as well as lesions of the right coronary artery (92.1 % vs. 85.8 %, р=0.037), and less often lesions of left coronary artery trunk (16.3 % vs. 24.8 %, р=0.027). Conclusion. AF in patients with IHD is associated with right coronary artery lesions and right type of coronary circulation.

Gender Differences in Non-Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Bergami ◽  
Marialuisa Scarpone ◽  
Edina Cenko ◽  
Elisa Varotti ◽  
Peter Louis Amaduzzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Artery Disease

: Subjects affected by ischemic heart disease with non-obstructive coronary arteries constitute a population that has received increasing attention over the past two decades. Since the first studies with coronary angiography, female patients have been reported to have non-obstructive coronary artery disease more frequently than their male counterparts, both in stable and acute clinical settings. Although traditionally considered a relatively infrequent and low-risk form of myocardial ischemia, its impact on clinical practice is undeniable, especially when it comes to infarction, where the prognosis is not as benign as previously assumed. Unfortunately, despite increasing awareness, there are still several questions left unanswered regarding diagnosis, risk stratification and treatment. The purpose of this review is to provide a state of the art and an update on current evidence available on gender differences in clinical characteristics, management and prognosis of ischemic heart disease with non-obstructive coronary arteries, both in the acute and stable clinical setting.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Corotidenary Atheroma in Patients with Coronary Disease: Results of a Monocentric Transverse Study in the Algerian East

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Rachid Merghit ◽  
Ikhlas Gueriane ◽  
Abdelhak Lakehal ◽  
Mouloud AIT Athmane ◽  
Rachid Merghit
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Atheromatous Plaques ◽  
Coronary Patients ◽  
The Right ◽  
Global Population

Introduction: Patients with ischemic heart disease often have many damages of another vascular territory sometimes without clinical translation, these associations are important to know. Carotid involvement is the most important in terms of morbidity and cardiovascular mortality. Objective: In our study we have studied the prevalence of carotid atheroma in coronary patients recruited in cardiology in the university hospital centers of the city of Constantine. Patients and Methods: Our study is descriptive, cross-sectional, monocentric performed in units of cardiovascular exploration of the Regional University Hospital of Constantine. Included subjects had at least one significant coronary lesion ≥50 on a main coronary artery, for each patient, a guided anamnesis and a cardiovascular clinical examination preceded the realization of the supra aortic trunk echodoppler by a vividE9 General Electric ultrasound system started in January 2014, using a linear scanning probe 12L, intended for peripheral vascular exploration, allowing for targeted screening and a precise lesion description. The TSA echodoppler is said to be pathological, if it was at least one atheromatous plaque and / or hemodynamic damage, on one of the carotid axes (common carotid, internal carotid, external carotid), or a carotid intima- media thickness IMT ≥ 1mm. The processing and exploitation of the data made use of SPSS22 software. The processing and exploitation of the data made use of SPSS22 software. Results: Three hundred coronary patients, middle aged of 61 with predominantly male net, were included. The average IMT of our population was higher among men than women; significant difference (P = 0.042). 51% of our global population had at least one atheromatous lesion on the left common carotid (LCC), dominated by atheromatous plaques (49.7%), hemodynamic lesions were observed in 1.3% of our coronary patients. The same finding was noted for the right common carotid (RCC), affected in 51.4% of our population whose predominant lesions were atheromatous plaques in 50.7%, followed by hemodynamic damages (0.7%).49.3% and 49% of our global population had at least one lesion on the left internal carotid (LIC), and the right internal carotid (RIC). Hemodynamic lesions were more frequent on RIC (5% vs 2%). 47% and 49% of our global population respectively had at least one attack on LEC and REC. Hemodynamic damages were observed in 1.7% on LEC and 1.3% on REC. Conclusion: Despite the development of vascular functional explorations, there is currently no argument about screening for extracardiac atherosclerotic lesions in populations of selected asymptomatic subjects, according to age criteria or risk factors. In practice, it is when a localization of atherosclerosis becomes symptomatic that the problem of a possible lesional association arises. Coronary artery disease is the most important in terms of morbidity and mortality, and it is often in the context of ischemic heart disease assessment that the modalities for evaluating the extension of atheromatous disease are discussed. These vascular lesions, however, have a significant prognostic importance, like the other comorbidities associated. The search for these lesions therefore seems important to adapt the therapeutic arsenal at the individual level.

scholarly journals -56-EFFECTS OF HYPERVENTILATION ON CORONARY ARTERY AND ON CORONARY CIRCULATION IN ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE

1986 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 475-476
Author(s):  
Yutaka Tabata ◽  
Youichi Takeyama ◽  
Mikitaka Murakami ◽  
Hidekazu Akiyama ◽  
Hitoshi Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Circulation ◽  
Ischemic Heart

Flow Measurement in Stented Left Coronary Artery Models

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kensuke Ono ◽  
Ken Yamamoto ◽  
Takahiro Tsukahara ◽  
Masahiro Motosuke ◽  
Hiroyoshi Kawamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Stent Placement ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Generic Term

Abstract Ischemic heart disease, a generic term for angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, is caused by blood flow failure due to a lesion generated in the coronary artery of the heart. Because the ischemic heart disease causes fatal problems, a stent placement technique called the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is frequently performed to expand coarctated arteries to recover the function. However, although the PCI technique is a less-invasive technique, there is a risk of complications such as stent thrombosis and restenosis due to the placed stent. In order to understand the cause and the mechanism of the complications, effects of the stent placement and the stent shape on the blood flow is experimentally investigated. Silicone left coronary artery models were prepared to perform particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) and calculated the wall shear stress (WSS). The measurement results show that the flow structure and the WSS are changed depending on the deformation of the stent and the location of the placed stent.

scholarly journals The structure of myocardial nerve plexus of human auricle of the right atrium and its relation to myocardial ischemia, functional status of the heart, and age

Medicina ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Aušra Burkauskienė ◽  
Vidmantas Aželis ◽  
Žibuoklė Senikienė ◽  
Vitas Linonis ◽  
Irina Ramanauskienė
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery Stenosis ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Nerve Plexus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Disease Group ◽  
The Right

The aim of this study was to investigate and evaluate morphometrically the relationship between changes in the structure of myocardial nerve plexus of the right atrium auricle and myocardial ischemia, parameters reflecting functional status of the heart, and age. A total of 56 females and males aged 20–94 years were investigated. Ischemic heart disease group consisted of 39 persons (their mean age was 63.83±15.67 years). The control group comprised 17 persons (the mean age was 60.53±9.89 years). Control group consisted of deceased persons who according to the pathologic and anatomic examination were not diagnosed with cardiac pathology leading to heart lesions or overload. Ischemic heart disease group consisted of patients who underwent aorta-coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. In ischemic heart disease group, degree of coronary artery stenosis was evaluated as well as the major indicators reflecting the size of atria and formation of postinfarction scar. After examination, postinfarction scars were found in 18 (46.2%) persons; no scars were found in 21 (53.8%) persons. Neurohistochemical method and video microscopy were employed for the evaluation of quantitative changes in the structure of the myocardial nerve plexus. In ischemic heart disease group, the structures of nerve plexus occupied 5.0±1.0% of the area, perimeter was 10 488±2134 mm, and number of the structures was 2698±981; the same parameters in the control group were 6.0±1.4%, 13 008±443 mm, and 3469±1511, respectively. In persons with postinfarction scar, the number of nerve plexus structures was lower by 9.3%, area by 8.9%, perimeter by 9.7% on average as compared to ischemic heart disease group without a scar. Regression analysis did not reveal any statistically significant correlation between the degree of coronary artery stenosis and quantitive parameters of nerve plexus (P>0.05). Changes in quantitative parameters of nerve plexus were not related to compensatory dilation of the atria – echoscopy parameters of long and short axes. The results showed that the number, area, and perimeter of nerve plexus structures decreases at the same rate both in healthy subjects and patients with ischemic heart disease starting the fifth decade of life.

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