scholarly journals Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture and Osteoarthritis Progression

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 295-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Min-Leong Wong ◽  
Tanvir Khan ◽  
Chethan S Jayadev ◽  
Wasim Khan ◽  
David Johnstone
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Degenerative Change ◽  
Acl Rupture ◽  
Osteoarthritis Progression ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Meniscal Damage ◽  
Acl Deficient

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) rupture is a common sporting injury that frequently affects young, athletic patients. Apart from the functional problems of instability, patients with ACL deficient knees also develop osteoarthritis. Although this is frequently cited as an indication for ACL reconstruction, the relationship between ACL rupture, reconstruction and the instigation and progression of articular cartilage degenerative change is controversial. The purpose of this paper is to review the published literature with regards ACL rupture and the multifactorial causes for osteoarthritis progression, and whether or not this is slowed or stopped by ACL reconstruction. There is no evidence in the published literature to support the view that ACL reconstruction prevents osteoarthritis, although it may prevent further meniscal damage. It must be recognised that this conclusion is based on the current literature which has substantial methodological limitations.

There is an Association of Synovial Interleukin-6 Levels With Chondral Damage in Anterior Cruciate Ligament–Deficient Knees

2021 ◽  
pp. 155633162199200
Author(s):  
Ravi Gupta ◽  
Anil Kapoor ◽  
Sourabh Khatri ◽  
Dinesh Sandal ◽  
Gladson David Masih
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Chondral Damage ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Acl Deficient

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) in the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)–deficient knee is seen in approximately 50% of affected patients. Possible causes include biochemical or biomechanical changes. Purpose: We sought to study the correlation between inflammatory cytokines and chondral damage in ACL-deficient knees. Methods: Seventy-six male patients who underwent ACL reconstruction were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Synovial fluid was aspirated before surgery and analyzed for levels of the inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1 (IL-1), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). At the time of ACL reconstruction, the severity of chondral damage was documented as described by the Outerbridge classification. Results: Patients with grade 2 or higher chondral damage were observed to have elevated IL-6 levels when compared to patients who had no chondral damage. Interleukin-6 levels had no correlation with the duration of injury. Conclusion: Elevated levels of IL-6 in synovial fluid were associated with chondral damage in ACL-deficient knees. Further study is warranted to determine whether inflammatory cytokines contribute to the development of OA of the knee after ACL injury.

Lower Leg Girth and Ankle Plantar-Flexor Endurance after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Ross ◽  
Shelly Hooten ◽  
Darren Moore
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Ligament Reconstruction ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Plantar Flexor ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
The Relationship

Objective:To determine the relationship between asymmetries in lower leg girth and standing heel-rise after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.Design:Single-group posttest.Participants:15 at a mean of 30 d after ACL reconstruction.Measurements:Lower leg girth and number of repetitions performed on the standing heel-rise test.Results:A significant decrease in lower leg girth and number of repetitions performed on the standing heel-rise test for the involved leg. There was also a low correlation between asymmetries in lower leg girth and standing heel-rise test (r= .25).Conclusion:Ankle plantar-flexor endurance should be considered when developing rehabilitation programs for the early stages after ACL reconstruction. In this study the ankle of the involved leg attained a significantly smaller angle of maximal standing plantar flexion, suggesting that ankle range of motion should also be assessed. Caution should be used in predicting standing heel-rise asymmetries from asymmetries in lower leg girth in ACL-reconstructed patients.

scholarly journals Anatomic All-Inside Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using the TransLateral Technique

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (s3) ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Octav Russu ◽  
Tiberiu Bățagă ◽  
Marcela Todoran ◽  
Emilian Ciorcila ◽  
Teodora Maria Denisa Popa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Lysholm Score ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Activity Scale ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Acl Deficient ◽  
Tegner Activity Scale

Abstract Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a commonly performed procedure and considered to be the gold standard in restoring knee function and stability in ACL-deficient knees. The TransLateral all-inside technique implies the use of only two portals – anterolateral and anteromedial, without the use of an accessory portal. The work is done using the lateral portal, while the medial portal serves as a viewing site. Only a few studies have been published regarding the assessment of the functional and clinical outcomes of this novel technique. Aim of the study: To determine the clinical effectiveness of the TransLateral procedure used for ACL reconstruction and its ability to re-establish joint functionality and stability in ACL-deficient knees. Material and methods: A prospective study was conducted at the Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic no. 2 in Tîrgu Mureș. Thirty-two patients matched our inclusion criteria and were operated using the TransLateral technique for ACL reconstruction. Outcome assessment was performed using the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), the Lysholm score and the Tegner Activity Scale. The questionnaires include items referring to pain, physical functioning, sports activities, and quality of life. Operative time and ACL graft size were also documented. Results: All patients underwent single-bundle ACL restoration using a quadrupled semitendinosus tendon. Out of 32 patients, 21 had associated meniscus lesions and 8 collateral ligament injuries. Mean graft diameter was 8.7 mm and mean length 63.2 mm. Significantly improved KOOS values were found at 12 months post-surgery regarding the mean baseline score: 59.3 ± 5.3 vs. 95.3 ± 4.9, p <0.0001. The Lysholm score improved from a mean of 56.3 ± 4.9 to 93.9 ± 5.6, p <0.0001 at the end-point. The Tegner activity scale ranged from 3.8 ± 1.9 to 5.9 ± 2.4, p <0.0001 at the final follow-up. Conclusions: The TransLateral technique proved its clinical effectiveness and its ability to restore knee stability after ACL reconstruction surgery.

scholarly journals The influence of sex and BMI on cartilage metabolism biomarkers in patients after anterior cruciate ligament injury and reconstruction.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazandra M. Rodriguez ◽  
Michael T. Curran ◽  
Riann M. Palmieri-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Acl Injury ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Ligament Injury ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Return To Activity

Abstract Context: Serum biomarkers may allow for early identification of post-traumatic osteoarthritis after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and reconstruction. Homeostasis of matrix-metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) and type II collagen turnover (C2C:CPII) biomarkers are believed to be compromised in individuals with ACL injury, yet the influence of sex, BMI, and age on these biomarkers before and after ACL reconstruction remains unknown. Objective: To determine the relationship of sex, BMI, and age on serum levels of MMP-3 and C2C:CPII before and after ACL reconstruction. Design: Descriptive Laboratory Study Setting: Laboratory. Patients: 32 (18F,14M) ACL-injured subjects participated in this study. Main Outcome Measures: Demographic variables and blood samples were collected prior to surgery and at the time of return to activity. Serum was extracted from the blood and assays were used to quantify MMP-3 and C2C:CPII. Generalized linear mixed-effects regression models were used to assess the relationship between sex, BMI, time, age, and subject on the outcome variables. Results: A significant time-sex interaction was identified for MMP-3 levels (P=0.021), whereby MMP-3 levels were higher in males at return to activity (Males:2.71±0.59ng/mL; Females:1.92±0.60ng/mL; P=0.017). Males also had higher MMP-3 levels at return to activity when compared to pre-surgery levels (P=0.009). A main effect for age demonstrated that older age was associated with higher MMP-3 levels. No significant main or interaction effects were noted for C2C:CPII levels. Conclusions: MMP-3 serum levels may be upregulated following ACL reconstruction, particularly in men, which may have deleterious consequences for the cartilage matrix. Sex, BMI, and time did not influence C2C:CPII ratios but further research with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Recurrent Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Sports: The Injury Surveillance Program, 2004-2014

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 232596711877782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itai Gans ◽  
Julia S. Retzky ◽  
Lynne C. Jones ◽  
Miho J. Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Injury Surveillance ◽  
Acl Rupture ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Serious Injury ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Rate Ratios

Background: An anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a serious injury that can be career-ending in collegiate athletics. A rerupture after primary ACL reconstruction occurs in 1% to 11% of all athletes. Purpose: To describe the epidemiology of recurrent ACL ruptures in the 25 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) sports in the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program (ISP) and to identify and compare sport-specific risk factors for a recurrent ACL rupture. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Athletes who experienced a primary or recurrent ACL rupture between 2004 and 2014 were identified using data from the NCAA ISP. ACL ruptures occurred in 12 of 25 sports during the study period. We assessed the rates and patterns of primary and recurrent ACL ruptures and reported them as events per 10,000 athlete-exposures (AEs). Sex-comparable sports were compared using rate ratios. Rupture rates were compared using odds ratios, with P values <.05 indicating significance. Regular-season and postseason data were combined because of low counts of postseason events. Results: Of 350,416 AEs, there were 1105 ACL ruptures, 126 of which were recurrent. The highest rates of recurrent ACL ruptures (per 10,000 AEs) were among male football players (15), female gymnasts (8.2), and female soccer players (5.2). Of sports played by athletes of both sexes, women’s soccer had a significantly higher rate of recurrent ACL ruptures than men’s soccer (rate ratio, 3.8 [95% CI, 1.3-15]). Among all sports, men had a significantly higher rate of recurrent ACL ruptures (4.3) than women (3.0) ( P = .04). Overall, the ratio of recurrent to primary ACL ruptures decreased over the 10-year study period. Both women and men had a decreasing trend of recurrent to primary ACL ruptures, although women had a steeper decrease. Conclusion: These data can help identify athletes who are most at risk of recurrent ACL ruptures after ACL reconstruction and who may benefit from injury prevention programs.

scholarly journals Psychological and Social Components of Recovery Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Young Athletes: A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 9267
Author(s):  
Emil Vutescu ◽  
Sebastian Orman ◽  
Edgar Garcia-Lopez ◽  
Justin Lau ◽  
Andrew Gage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Acl Injury ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Acl Rupture ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Acl Injuries ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a common injury in young athletes. To restore knee stability and function, patients often undergo ACL reconstruction (ACLR). Historically, there has been a focus in this population on the epidemiology of ACL injury, the technical aspects of ACL reconstruction, and post-operative functional outcomes. Although increasingly recognized as an important aspect in recovery, there remains limited literature examining the psychological aspects of post-operative rehabilitation and return to play following youth ACL reconstruction. Despite technical surgical successes and well-designed rehabilitation programs, many athletes never reach their preinjury athletic performance level and some may never return to their primary sport. This suggests that other factors may influence recovery, and indeed this has been documented in the adult literature. In addition to restoration of functional strength and stability, psychological and social factors play an important role in the recovery and overall outcome of ACL injuries in the pediatric population. Factors such as psychological readiness to return-to-play (RTP), motivation, mood disturbance, locus of control, recovery expectations, fear of reinjury, and self-esteem are correlated to the RTP potential of the young athlete. A better understanding of these concepts may help to maximize young patients’ outcomes after ACL reconstruction. The purpose of this article is to perform a narrative review of the current literature addressing psychosocial factors associated with recovery after ACL injury and subsequent reconstruction in young athletes. Our goal is to provide a resource for clinicians treating youth ACL injuries to help identify patients with maladaptive psychological responses after injury and encourage a multidisciplinary approach when treating young athletes with an ACL rupture.

scholarly journals Protocol For The Systematic Review Of Return-To-Activity Criteria In Adolescent Patients Following An Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Romanchuk ◽  
Holly Livock ◽  
Kenneth J. Lukas ◽  
Michael J. Del Bel ◽  
Daniel Benoit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Acl Rupture ◽  
Electronic Database ◽  
Adolescent Patients ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Abstract Background Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a debilitating knee injury associated with sequela such as joint instability and progressive degeneration. Unfortunately, following surgical ACL reconstruction in adolescents the rates of either ACL graft failure or contralateral ACL rupture ranges from 17–30%. A contributing factor to the high re-injury rate in this population may be the limited evidence regarding appropriate criteria for allowing unrestricted return-to-activities (RTA) post-operatively. Several systematic reviews have already sought to develop a consensus on what criteria should be utilized for releasing patients to unrestricted sports activities; however, these reviews have focused on adult populations, a group at much lower risk for re-injury. Our objective is to systematically examine the literature and identify the criteria used in existing research when determining unrestricted RTA following an ACL reconstruction in an adolescent population. Methods Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a systematic search will be performed of the Medline/PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus electronic database. Searches will be conducted from January 1st, 2000 until submission of the final review. Studies will be identified that include adolescent patients (≤ 18 years old) undergoing a primary ACL reconstruction, and which have specified the criteria used to determine RTA. Each article will be independently screened by two reviewers. To supplement the electronic database search, citations within all included studies will be manually reviewed. Reviewers will record the RTA assessment utilized and the rates of ACL re-injury through a standardized data extraction sheet. Reviewers will resolve full-text screening and data extraction disagreements through discussion. Synthesis of the collected data will focus on compiling and mapping the most commonly used types of RTA criteria. Discussion This systematic review will clarify the existing evidence on RTA in adolescent patients post-ACL reconstruction. This will help future interventions build more effective adolescent-specific RTA assessments through the validation of current RTA criteria as well as the implementation of new criteria according to the identified literature gaps.

scholarly journals Migration of a Meniscal Repair Implant Mimicking Meniscal Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-119
Author(s):  
Takatomo Mine ◽  
Koichiro Ihara ◽  
Hiroyuki Kawamura ◽  
Michio Shinohara ◽  
Ryutaro Kuriyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Meniscal Repair ◽  
Suture Repair ◽  
Meniscal Injury ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Meniscal Damage

Complications after arthroscopic meniscal suture repair have been reported. Migration of a meniscal repair implant mimicking meniscal injury is rare. A 28-year-old female had undergone Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) reconstruction at another hospital 12 years ago . The remaining instability after ACL reconstruction resulted in medial meniscal damage, wear and narrowing in the posterior third. The H-fix that was used in the meniscal repair became detached, exposing the inside of the knee joint. Meniscal repair is a successful procedure in conjunction with ACL reconstruction. However, when knee instability after ACL reconstruction remains, the choice of meniscal repair implants may lead to potential complications even after long-term clinical follow-up.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture Associated with Cardiomyopathy in Three Cats

1991 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 35-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. O. Janssens ◽  
D. L. Janssens ◽  
L. A. A. Janssens
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture ◽  
Acl Rupture ◽  
Thoracic Radiography ◽  
Ligament Rupture ◽  
Cruciate Ligament Rupture ◽  
Previous Trauma ◽  
History Of ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

SummaryOver a period of 14 years, three cats with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture were seen in our practice. In all, the rupture had occurred without a history of previous trauma. All were treated surgically. All died within a period of 14 days. The reason of death was in all cases cardiomyopathy. We now suggest that cats with rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament undergo an electrocardiographic recording and eventually an thoracic radiography before surgery is considered. We also suggest that cats with ACL rupture should preferably be treated conservatively.

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