Diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome presenting as renal failure in South African HIV-positive individuals: a single-centre case series

Diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome (DILS) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection presented most commonly with parotidomegaly and sicca symptoms in the pre-antiretroviral era. However, numerous clinical manifestations are possible due to the multi-organ nature of the CD8+ lymphocytic infiltration. Renal involvement is infrequently described, but common characteristics of a renal syndrome associated with DILS have been identified. This case series describes four South African HIV-positive patients with DILS, in whom renal failure was the sole clinical manifestation. As DILS responds well to antiretroviral and corticosteroid therapy, this series highlights the importance of considering this syndrome as a cause of renal failure in an HIV-positive patient.

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Renal involvement in human rabies: clinical manifestations and autopsy findings of nine cases from northeast of Brazil

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s0036-46652005000600002 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 47 (6) ◽

pp. 315-320 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Elizabeth De Francesco Daher ◽

Geraldo Bezerra da Silva Júnior ◽

Marúsia Thomaz Ferreira ◽

Fernando Antonio de Sousa Barros ◽

Tiago Magalhães Gurgel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Failure ◽

Acute Renal Failure ◽

Renal Involvement ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Hemodynamic Instability ◽

Human Rabies ◽

Tubular Necrosis ◽

Post Mortem Findings ◽

Histopathologic Findings

A retrospective study was conducted in nine patients with rabies admitted to a hospital of Fortaleza, Brazil. Autopsy was performed in all cases. The ages ranged from three to 81 years and six were males. They all were bitten by dogs. The time between the accident and the hospital admission ranged from 20 to 120 days (mean 45 ± 34 days). The time until death ranged from one to nine days (mean 3.3 ± 5.5 days). The signs and symptoms presented were fever, hydrophobia, aerophobia, agitation, disorientation, dyspnea, sialorrhea, vomiting, oliguria, sore throat, pain and hypoesthesia in the site of the bite, headache, syncope, cough, hematemesis, mydriasis, hematuria, constipation, cervical pain and priapism. In three out of six patients, there was evidence of acute renal failure, defined as serum creatinine > 1.4 mg/dL. The post-mortem findings in the kidneys were mild to moderate glomerular congestion and mild to intense peritubular capillary congestion. Acute tubular necrosis was seen in only two cases. This study shows some evidence of renal involvement in rabies. Histopathologic findings are nonspecific, so hemodynamic instability, caused by autonomic dysfunction, hydrophobia and dehydration must be responsible for acute renal failure in rabies.

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Hepatic tuberculosis in human immunodeficiency virus co-infected adults: a case series of South African adults

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/s12879-017-2222-2 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Lilishia Gounder ◽

Pravikrishnen Moodley ◽

Paul K. Drain ◽

Andrew J. Hickey ◽

Mahomed-Yunus S. Moosa

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

South African ◽

Case Series ◽

Hepatic Tuberculosis ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus

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Clinical Manifestations and Treatment Outcomes of Syphilitic Uveitis in a Chinese Population

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2016/2797028 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Rui Zhang ◽

Jiang Qian ◽

Jie Guo ◽

Yifei Yuan ◽

Kang Xue ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Chinese Population ◽

Retinal Vasculitis ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Case Series ◽

Posterior Uveitis ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Serological Tests ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus

Purpose. To describe the clinical manifestations and treatment outcomes of syphilitic uveitis in a Chinese population.Methods. This is a retrospective case series of 15 consecutive patients with syphilitic uveitis treated at a uveitis referral center between 2012 and 2015.Results. Fifteen patients were diagnosed with syphilitic uveitis based on positive serological tests. Nine patients were male. Coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus was detected in two patients. Twenty eyes presented with panuveitis and all patients had posterior involvement. The most frequent manifestations were retinal vasculitis and papillitis, while syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinitis was only found in three eyes. All patients received systemic penicillin therapy according to CDC guidelines. Nine patients were misdiagnosed before presenting to our center and the delay in treatment with penicillin was associated with poor final visual outcomes (P<0.05).Conclusions. In our series, both male and female were almost equally affected and coinfection of syphilis with human immunodeficiency virus was uncommon. All patients in this study had posterior involvement and the most common manifestations were retinal vasculitis and papillitis. Syphilis should be considered as an important differential diagnosis especially for posterior uveitis and panuveitis. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are important for visual prognosis.

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Renal involvement as the first symptom of multiple myeloma

10.21203/rs.2.10471/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Yongjing Du ◽

Ping Zhang ◽

Xiang Zhong ◽

Shasha Chen ◽

Guisen Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Renal Failure ◽

Nephrotic Syndrome ◽

Light Chain ◽

Clinical Laboratory ◽

Renal Involvement ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Renal Amyloidosis ◽

Cast Nephropathy ◽

Immunofixation Electrophoresis

Abstract Background . Renal involvement is a common complication of multiple myeloma (MM). However, most studies have focused on renal failure in MM, and little information is available about the other renal manifestations in MM and their association with immunophenotypes and renal pathology. Methods . We retrospectively analyzed the clinical, laboratory and pathology data of 283 MM patients treated in Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, West China, between January 1990 and May 2017. The patients were divided into a renal involvement group (n = 200) and a non-renal involvement group (n = 83). Results. In the renal involvement group, 90 (45.0%) patients were diagnosed with MM in the Nephrology department, and isolated proteinuria, renal failure and nephrotic syndrome were detected in 90(45.0%), 94 (47.0%) and 58 (29.0%) patients, respectively. 135 patients with renal involvement underwent immunofixation electrophoresis, and IgG, IgA, IgD, IgE, pure light chain and nonsecretory MM were detected in 52 (38.5%), 32 (23.7%), 1 (0.7%), 1 (0.7%), 45(33.3%) and 4 (3.0%) patients, respectively. 47 patients without renal involvement also underwent immunofixation electrophoresis, and IgG and IgA MM were found in 24 (51.0%) and 18 (38.3%) patients, respectively. Severe anemia and hypertension, hypercalcemia and pure light chain were more frequent in patients with renal involvement (P < 0.05).9 patients with renal involvement were performed renal biopsy, and cast nephropathy, renal amyloidosis were proved in 5 and 4 patients, respectively. Conclusions. Renal involvement was common at MM diagnosis and had diverse clinical manifestations. The most common clinical manifestations include renal failure, isolated albuminuria and nephrotic syndrome. Nephrologists should rule out MM in patients presenting with renal involvement.

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Renal involvement as the first symptom of multiple myeloma

10.21203/rs.2.10471/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Yongjing Du ◽

Ping Zhang ◽

Xiang Zhong ◽

Shasha Chen ◽

Guisen Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Renal Failure ◽

Light Chain ◽

Clinical Laboratory ◽

Renal Involvement ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Renal Amyloidosis ◽

Cast Nephropathy ◽

Light Chain Disease ◽

Immunofixation Electrophoresis

Abstract Background Renal involvement is a common complication of multiple myeloma (MM). However, most studies have focused on renal failure in MM, and little information is available about the other renal manifestations in MM and their association with immunophenotypes and renal pathology. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical, laboratory and pathology data of 283 MM patients treated in Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, West China, between January 1990 and May 2017. The patients were divided into a renal involvement group (n = 200) and a non-renal involvement group (n = 83). Results In the renal involvement group, 90 (45.0%) patients were diagnosed with MM in the Nephrology department, and isolated proteinuria, renal failure and nephrotic syndrome were detected in 90(45.0%), 94 (47.0%) and 53 (27.0%) patients, respectively. 135 patients with renal involvement underwent immunofixation electrophoresis, and IgG, IgA, IgD, IgE, pure light chain and nonsecretory MM were detected in 52 (38.5%), 32 (23.7%), 1 (0.7%), 1 (0.7%), 45(33.3%) and 4 (3.0%) patients, respectively. 47 patients without renal involvement also underwent immunofixation electrophoresis, and IgG and IgA MM were found in 24 (51.0%) and 18 (38.3%) patients, respectively. Severe anemia and hypertension, hypercalcemia and pure light chain disease were more frequent in patients with renal involvement (P < 0.05). 9 patients with renal involvement were performed renal biopsy, and cast nephropathy and renal amyloidosis were proved in 5(55.6%) and 4(44.4%) patients, respectively. Conclusions Renal involvement was common at MM diagnosis and had diverse clinical manifestations. Nephrologists should rule out MM in patients presenting with renal involvement.

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Is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) stage an independent risk factor for altering the periodontal status of HIV-positive patients? A South African study

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/1472-6831-13-69 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Cathy Nisha John ◽

Lawrence Xavier Stephen ◽

Charlene Wilma Joyce Africa

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Risk Factor ◽

South African ◽

Independent Risk Factor ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

African Study ◽

Periodontal Status ◽

South African Study ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus

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Reduction in Size and Number of Plantar Verrucae in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Individuals After the Implementation of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association ◽

10.7547/14-044 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 105 (5) ◽

pp. 401-406 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Endri Afesllari ◽

Timothy J. Miller ◽

Michael J. Huchital ◽

Christy M. King ◽

James S. Johnston ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Highly Active ◽

Clinical Type ◽

Size Number ◽

Study Results ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus

Background Implementation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) significantly increased the life expectancy of those living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Except for prevalence, scientific reports regarding clinical manifestations of plantar verrucae in the post-HAART era are lacking. The objective of this study was to compare clinical manifestations of plantar verrucae between HIV-infected and noninfected individuals and then to compare these findings with those observed before the implementation of HAART. Methods Nineteen patients with plantar verrucae (ten with HIV and nine without HIV) were examined to determine the size, number, and clinical type of verrucae present. The two groups were first compared with each other and then with previously collected data from a similar analysis conducted in 1995, before the implementation of HAART. Statistical significance was determined using the Fisher exact test or the Wilcoxon rank sum test. Results No significant differences were observed in the size, number, or clinical type of verrucae between HIV-negative and HIV-positive patients. Compared with the 1995 data, there was a significant decrease in the number of verrucae lesions per individual and a nonsignificant decrease in the average size of verrucae in HIV-positive patients. Conclusions Study results indicate that the implementation of HAART has impacted the clinical manifestations of plantar verrucae in HIV-positive individuals. Further analyses with a larger number of patients are required to confirm and substantiate these findings.

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HIV infection and the kidneys, Part I

Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo ◽

10.2298/sarh0506303b ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 133 (5-6) ◽

pp. 303-306

Author(s):

Gordana Basta-Jovanovic

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Renal Failure ◽

Acute Renal Failure ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Unique Pattern ◽

Toxic Agents ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Progressive Form ◽

Focal Segmental Sclerosis

HIV- (Human immunodeficiency Virus) infected patients may be faced with a variety of renal problem patterns. Acute renal failure is common and most often the result of sepsis, hypertension, and toxic agents. Besides acute renal failure, HIV-associated nephropathy occurs in many HIV-positive patients, representing a unique pattern of sclerosing glomerulopathy, Many authors consider it to be the most rapidly progressive form of focal segmental sclerosis.

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Nodular secondary syphilis in three HIV-positive patients: a case series

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1177/0956462420933787 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 (10) ◽

pp. 1004-1007

Author(s):

Catherine J Wang ◽

Joan Leavens ◽

Joseph Thorpe ◽

Ashley Crew ◽

Gene Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plasma Cells ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Case Series ◽

Secondary Syphilis ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Rapid Plasma Reagin ◽

Tertiary Syphilis ◽

Antibody Absorption ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Prompt Diagnosis

Nodular secondary syphilis is an uncommon variant of secondary syphilis. We identified three cases of nodular secondary syphilis at our institution. The first patient presented with a diffuse nodular rash that included his scrotum and penis. The second patient had disseminated skin-colored nodules with serosanguinous crust on his face, trunk, and extremities. The third patient had a pruritic papular and nodular rash with overlying crust. All three patients had a reactive rapid plasma reagin and tested positive for fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption. All were eventually confirmed to be human immunodeficiency virus-positive. Histopathological examination demonstrated inflammatory infiltrate in the dermis composed of lymphocytes, histiocytes, and plasma cells, and treponemal staining highlighted spirochetes in the dermis. The patients were successfully treated with intramuscular penicillin benzathine G. Physicians should be aware of nodular syphilis as a less common cutaneous manifestation of secondary syphilis. Prompt diagnosis of secondary syphilis can expedite resolution of the infection and avoid progression to tertiary syphilis.

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