scholarly journals Duck Populations and Kill: an Evaluation of Some Waterfowl Regulations in Illinois

1944 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-5) ◽  
pp. 327-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank C. Bellrose
Keyword(s):  
Hunting Season ◽  
Waterfowl Hunting ◽  
Ruddy Ducks ◽  
Hunting Regulations

This paper was conceived and written in an attempt to evaluate the effect of various hunting regulations on the kill of ducks in Illinois, and to ascertain the optimum dates for Illinois hunting seasons of various lengths.  Recent open seasons in Illinois' (1938-1942) have protected blue-winged teals more than any other species.  These open seasons have protected other species in the following descending order: shovelers, green-winged teals, pintails, widgeons, mallards and black ducks, ring-necked ducks, canvasbacks, lesser scaups, ruddy ducks and gadwalls. The dates for the waterfowl hunting season in Illinois should depend upon what species of ducks need the greatest protection, and whether the hunter or the waterfowl population should be favored. Open dates suggested by this study are as follows: For a 30-day season, November 1-30; for a 45-day season, October 22-December 5; for a 60-day season, October 10-December 8; for a 70-day season, October 1-December 9; for an 80-day season, September 26-December 14; for a 100-day season, September 20-December 28.

scholarly journals Influence of environmental change, harvest exposure, and human disturbance on population trends of greater sage-grouse

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257198
Author(s):  
Jonathan B. Dinkins ◽  
Kirstie J. Lawson ◽  
Jeffrey L. Beck
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Human Disturbance ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Instantaneous Growth Rate ◽  
Sage Grouse ◽  
Hunting Season ◽  
Gas Well ◽  
Hunting Regulations

Hunter harvest of greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter “sage-grouse”) has been regulated by wildlife agencies during most of the past century. Hunting season regulations were maintained with the intention of providing sustainable hunting opportunities. Sage-grouse populations oscillate over time, and population growth can be influenced by seasonal weather and habitat disturbance. From 1995–2013, we compared sage-grouse lek trends from 22 relatively distinct sage-grouse population segments in 9 western U.S. states and 2 Canadian provinces. We stratified these populations into 3 broad categories (non-hunted [n = 8], continuously hunted [n = 10], and hunting season discontinued between 1996–2003 [n = 4]) with 8 different regulation histories to evaluate the potential impact of harvest on sage-grouse populations. Concomitantly, we assessed the effects of proportion burned, forested and cropland habitat; winter, spring, and summer precipitation; and human population, road, and oil and gas well densities on initial and time-varying lek counts. Density-dependent models fit lek trend data best for all regulation histories. In general, higher proportions of burnt, forested, and cropland habitat; and greater human population and oil and gas well densities were associated with lower equilibrium abundance (K). We found mixed results regarding the effect of hunting regulations on instantaneous growth rate (r). The cessation of harvest from 1996–2001 in approximately half of the largest sage-grouse population in our analysis was associated with higher r. Continuously harvested sage-grouse populations with permit hunting seasons had higher r during years with higher proportion of area exposed to permitted hunting rather than general upland game seasons. However, more liberal hunting regulations were positively associated with higher r in populations continuously harvested under general upland game hunts. Our results suggest that discontinuing harvest in the largest population resulted in greater population growth rates; however, this was not consistently the case for smaller populations. To no surprise, not all sage-grouse populations were influenced by the same environmental change or human disturbance factors. Our results will assist managers to understand factors associated with K, which provides the best targets for conservation efforts.

Field Evaluation of Three Types of Waterfowl Hunting Regulations

1972 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward J. Mikula ◽  
Gerald F. Martz ◽  
Carl L. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Waterfowl Hunting ◽  
Hunting Regulations

An analysis of gizzard worm infections in fall migrant ducks at Delta, Manitoba, Canada

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1470-1477 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Daniel McLaughlin ◽  
Brian P. McGurk
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Foraging Strategy ◽  
Dabbling Ducks ◽  
Hunting Season ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Lesser Scaup ◽  
Foraging Tactics ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ruddy Ducks

Gizzards from 13 species of ducks collected during the 1979 hunting season at Delta, Manitoba, Canada, were examined for helminths. Of the 1196 gizzards examined, 77.7% harbored at least one species of helminth. Amidostomum acutum occurred in 53.3% of the gizzards (13 species); Epomidiostomum uncinatum, in 28.5% (10 species); Streptocara crassicauda, in 18.1% (12 species); Gastrotaenia cygni, in 17.8% (11 species); and Streptocara formosensis, in 3.7% (5 species). Infection levels in juveniles and adults and in males and females of the same age in each species were generally similar. Prevalence and abundance of A. acutum in dabbling ducks (Anas spp.) was greatest among species exhibiting intermediate or generalist foraging tactics. Redheads and canvasbacks had the heaviest infections among diving species. The intermediate and generalist Anas species also had the greatest prevalence and abundance of E. uncinatum. With the exception of ruddy ducks, divers were rarely infected with this helminth. Lesser scaup were the major hosts for the Streptocara species and prevalence in other hosts tended to reflect the importance of amphipods in the diet. Shovelers, which feed extensively on zooplankton, had the highest prevalence of G. cygni. Few significant differences were found in the mean intensity of each helminth among host species despite wide differences in prevalence. Thus while diet and (or) foraging strategy may affect a species' contact with the infective pool, it apparently has little effect on the size of the infection which results.

scholarly journals Changes in hunting season regulations (1870s–2019) reduce harvest exposure on greater and Gunnison sage-grouse

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0253635
Author(s):  
Jonathan B. Dinkins ◽  
Courtney J. Duchardt ◽  
Jacob D. Hennig ◽  
Jeffrey L. Beck
Keyword(s):  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Sage Grouse ◽  
Hunting Season ◽  
Start Date ◽  
Potential Factor ◽  
Canadian Provinces ◽  
Hunting Regulations ◽  
Reduction In Area

Hunter harvest is a potential factor contributing to population declines of sage-grouse (Centrocercus spp.). As a result, wildlife agencies throughout western North America have set increasingly more conservative harvest regulations over the past 25 years to reduce or eliminate hunter success and concomitant numbers of harvested greater (C. urophasianus) and Gunnison (C. minimus) sage-grouse. Sage-grouse hunting has varied widely over time and space, which has made a comprehensive summary of hunting management challenging. We compiled data on harvest regulations among 11 western U.S. states and 2 Canadian provinces from 1870–2019 to create a timeline representative of hunting regulations. We compared annual harvest boundaries and area-weighted average hunting regulations, 1995–2018, relative to administrative boundaries and areas of high probability of sage-grouse occupation. We also summarized estimated numbers of birds harvested and hunters afield, 1995–2018, across both species’ ranges. From 1995–2018, there was a 30% reduction in administrative harvest boundaries across the greater sage-grouse range compared to a 16.6% reduction in area open to harvest within 8 km from active leks. Temporary closures occurred in response to wildfires, disease outbreaks, low population numbers, and two research projects; whereas, permanent closures primarily occurred in small populations and areas on the periphery of the species distribution. Similarly, area-weighted possession limits and season length for greater sage-grouse decreased 52.6% and 61.0%, respectively, while season start date stayed relatively stable (mean start date ~259 [mid-September]). In contrast, hunting of the now federally-threatened Gunnison sage-grouse ended after 1999. While restrictions in harvest regulations were large in area, closures near areas of high greater sage-grouse occupancy were relatively smaller with the same trend for Gunnison sage-grouse until hunting ceased. For greater sage-grouse, most states reduced bag and possession limits and appeared to adhere to recommendations for later and shorter hunting seasons, reducing potential for additive mortality.

Assessing the economic impact of waterfowl hunting in Mississippi

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiana T. Santos ◽  
Stephen C. Grado ◽  
Kevin M. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
Hunting Season ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Waterfowl Hunting ◽  
Replacement Model ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Default Data ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate and improve the current methodology of securing and collecting data sources for use in the Impact Analysis for Planning (IMPLAN) model to more accurately use, and be able to support, inputs and outputs from economic impact models, specifically those generated by IMPLAN. Design/methodology/approach – Primary expenditure data were derived from an extensive mail survey conducted during the 2005-2006 Mississippi waterfowl-hunting season. Survey results were analyzed using the IMPLAN software model default data and comparing it with new, more localized state data that were collected in 2010. Industry sectors were sorted and ranked after analysis based on sector importance to the economy and IMPLAN default data were replaced by localized data. Findings – Economic contributions generated from the survey-based default model were $158 million (2010 USD) supporting 1,981 full- and part-time jobs. Economic contributions using survey-based data replacement model were $153 million (2010 USD) supporting 1,517 full- and part-time jobs. Separate model runs of the survey-based data replacement model yielded vastly different results, making the case for changing as many sectors with larger impacts as possible. Research limitations/implications – The makeup and components of sectors used and described by the IMPLAN model were at times not clearly labeled which at times hindered the process of comparing and replacing data. It was evident that IMPLAN sectors were too highly aggregated. Originality/value – This project will contribute to efforts within Mississippi aimed at protecting and promoting its natural resources for conservation and use for both the private and public sector.

Bioserotypes and virulence markers of Y. enterocolitica strains isolated from roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and red deer (Cervus elaphus)

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bancerz-Kisiel ◽  
A. Szczerba-Turek ◽  
A. Platt-Samoraj ◽  
P. Socha ◽  
W. Szweda
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Hunting Season ◽  
Virulence Markers ◽  
Serotype O ◽  
Gene Coding ◽  
Environmental Reservoir ◽  
Enterocolitica Infection

AbstractFree-living animals are an important environmental reservoir of pathogens dangerous for other animal species and humans. One of those is Yersinia (Y.) enterocolitica, the causative agent of yersiniosis - foodborne, enzootic disease, significant for public health. The purpose of the study was to identify bioserotypes and virulence markers of Y. enterocolitica strains isolated from roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) obtained during the 2010/2011 hunting season in north-eastern Poland. From among 48 rectal swabs obtained from 24 roe deer, two strains of Y. enterocolitica from one animal were isolated. Although both belonged to biotype 1A they were identified as different serotypes. The strain obtained from cold culture (PSB) belonged to serotype O:5, while the strain isolated from warm culture (ITC) was regarded as nonidentified (NI), what may suggest mixed infection in that animal. The presence of ystB gene, coding for YstB enterotoxin, directly related to Y. enterocolitica pathogenicity was detected in both strains using triplex PCR. The effect of the examination of 32 swabs obtained from 16 red deer was the isolation of two Y. enterocolitica strains from two different animals. Both belonged to biotype 1A with NI serotype, but were originated from different types of culture. They gave positive results in case of products of a size corresponding to the ystB gene. No amplicons corresponding to ail and ystA genes were found. Roe deer and red deer may carry and shed Y. enterocolitica, what seems to be important in aspect of an environmental reservoir of this pathogen. The Y. enterocolitica strains isolated from wild ruminants had the amplicons of the ystB gene, what suggest they can be potential source of Y. enterocolitica infection for humans

Ruddy Ducks and Other Stifftails: Their Behavior and Biology

1997 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 1454
Author(s):  
Milton W. Weller ◽  
Paul A. Johnsgard ◽  
Montserrat Carbonell
Keyword(s):  
Ruddy Ducks
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