scholarly journals EFFECTS OF UNANI ANXIOLYTICS (SOMINA) ON GENERAL REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND TERATOLOGY IN RATS

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ahmed ◽  
Aisha Azmat
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Teratogenic Effects ◽  
Fertility Index ◽  
Human Dose ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Uterine Growth ◽  
Period Of Gestation

Objective: Somina (herbal medicine) is used in Pakistan as Unani anxiolytics. It is composed of five medicinal plants. The current work was designed to evaluate the general reproductive and teratogenic effects of somina in two consecutive generations of rats according to the OECD guideline.Methods: Fertility study (a two-phase study) was done in Sprague-Dawley rats. 1st part: three groups’ female rats (10 rats each group) received different doses orally. First group: The control group (saline), a single oral human dose of somina (2nd group: 285 mg/kg/day) and the high dose of somina (3rd group: 1g/kg/day) during the whole period of gestation till the delivery of pups named as F1 Breed. For the second part of study ten females were selected from each F1 breed (control, somina 285 mg/kg/d, somina 1g/kg/day) and administered the same treatment from day first of mating than the entire period of gestation until F1 breed delivered pups (F2 breed). For F1 and F2 breed the fertility index and litter size were determined. Some of the female rats (F1 and F2) were anesthetized and autopsied. The blood sample was subjected to biochemical analysis and serum liver function test: bilirubin, gamma-glutamyl transferase (γGT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT: SGPT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST: SGOT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were measured spectrophotometrically. The uterine growth index, fertility index, and litter size were also measured to evaluate the teratogenic effects of somina treated rats.Results: The data showed that any significant different (P>0.05) was not found during the maternal examination (uterine growth index, fertility index) and reproductive parameters (litter size, the quantity of fetus, aborted or absorbed fetus) in somina treated rats as compare to control rats (P>0.05). Control and treated Pups did not show any significant (P>0.05) malformation and any congenital defects. Non-significant (P>0.05) changes were observed in liver function test. It was found normal in all groups. Macroscopic autopsy examination also did not reveal any significant (P>0.05) pathological findings in the liver, kidneys, and uterus.Conclusion: The oral administration of somina during the gestational period of pregnant female rats was not teratogenic/fetotoxic. Any adverse or deleterious effects were not observed at the dose of 285 mg/kg (human dose) or 1g/kg (3times greater than the human dose) during pregnancy, and it is safe in rats.

Effect of low doses of continuously administered catecholoestrogens on peripheral and central target organs

1981 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 470-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Ball ◽  
Günter Emons ◽  
Ulrich Gethmann
Keyword(s):  
Serum Levels ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Vaginal Opening ◽  
Uterine Weight ◽  
Central Target ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Uterine Growth ◽  
Lh Release

Abstract. Osmotic minipumps containing low doses of either 4-hydroxyoestradiol or 2-hydroxyoestradiol2) were sc implanted for 152 h (6⅓ day) into immature male and female rats. At the end of the test period the animals were killed and the uterine weight, the vaginal opening, the gonadotrophin serum levels and the gonadal weight monitored. The following results were obtained: 1) a significant increase in the uterine weight and a consistent vaginal opening were observed after 4-hydroxyoestradiol but not after 2-hydroxyoestradiol treatment, 2) LH-levels increased after 2-hydroxyoestradiol but not after 4-hydroxyoestradiol; the increase was, however, not significant, 3) FSH-levels and gonadal weights were lowered by 4-hydroxyoestradiol treatment in male animals only; 2-hydroxyoestradiol had no effect on FSH-levels in both sexes, 4) in no instance an antioestrogenic effect of either catecholoestrogen was observed. It is concluded that 4-hydroxyoestrogens — using the above paradigm — have a significant importance on uterine growth and vaginal opening but (on day 6) no role on LH-release, whereas 2-hydroxyoestrogens may increase LH levels (on day 6) but are nearly ineffective with respect to peripheral parameters.

Cholyl-lysyl-fluorescein (CLF) clearance provides a reproducible dynamic liver function test

2003 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. A754-A755
Author(s):  
Elwyn Elias ◽  
Charles Mills ◽  
Marc Halphen ◽  
Norman Barras ◽  
Hans-Juergen Gruss
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Function Test ◽  
Function Test

A New Liver Function Test.

1928 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 675-677
Author(s):  
A. R. Bernheim
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Function Test ◽  
Function Test

INFECTIVE HEPATITIS AND PREGNANCY: ANALYSIS OF LIVER FUNCTION TEST RESULTS

1967 ◽  
Vol 2 (22) ◽  
pp. 974-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. McK. Bennett ◽  
J. A. Forbes ◽  
C. R. Lucas ◽  
A. Kucers
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Function Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Infective Hepatitis

T1074 Liver Function Test Abnormalities in the ICU Setting: Is Doubling of LFTS of Prognostic or Clinical Relevance?

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. S-482
Author(s):  
Janet Fallon ◽  
Manish Thakker ◽  
Tim J. Parke ◽  
Neil Rajoriya
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Function Test ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Function Test

Liver Enzyme Elevation associated with Total Parenteral Nutrition

1980 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 702-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cal Wayne Greenlaw
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Total Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Liver Function Test ◽  
Abnormal Liver Function ◽  
Amino Acid Solution ◽  
Function Test ◽  
The One ◽  
Enzyme Elevation ◽  
Basal Energy Expenditure

A number of complications associated with total parenteral nutrition (TPN) have been identified, and methods of prevention or treatment have been developed. However, abnormal liver function continues to occur with the use of TPN, and little is known about its incidence and etiology. Twenty-three patients, receiving TPN through the TPN program at Holy Cross Hospital from January, 1978 to May, 1978, were studied. All patients received a basic parenteral amino acid solution (Travasol®), with varying amounts of nitrogen per day, depending on nitrogen balance studies. Dextrose was supplied in quantities necessary to provide 120 percent or more of the patient's calculated basal energy expenditure (BEE). Of the 23 patients studied, elevated liver function test values were detected in two patients (8.6 percent). In both cases, the complication developed within six to eight days, and both had received calories in excess of 213 percent of their calculated BEE and had a calorie to nitrogen (kcal: N) ratio greater than 150: 1. Mean calories as a percent of calculated BEE and kcal: N ratio were significantly higher in the patients with elevated liver function test (LFT) values than in those with normal LFT values ( p < 0.05 and p < 0.005, respectively). Following identification of the elevated LFT values, both patients were immediately placed on cyclic TPN (CyTPN). In the one patient, liver enzymes reverted toward normal after seven days of CyTPN, while the second patient required only five days. Cyclic TPN was deemed effective in the reversal of abnormal liver function in these two patients. It is speculated that the abnormal liver function was a result of fatty liver infiltration. The mechanism by which this infiltration occurs and its treatment are discussed.

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