scholarly journals Sensory and Visual Evaluation of Six Different Beef Shank Cuts from Asian Consumers

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Wu ◽  
E. Rice ◽  
B. Olson ◽  
T. O’Quinn ◽  
T. Houser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis ◽  
Surface Color ◽  
Visual Evaluation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Beef Carcasses ◽  
The Right ◽  
Flexor Digitorum ◽  
Asian Consumers

ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to evaluate factors affecting Asian consumers’ purchasing decisions and eating preferences of six different beef shank cuts.Materials and MethodsSix shank cuts, three from forequarter [biceps brachii (shank A); a combination of deep digital flexor and flexor digitorum superficialis (shank B); extensor carpi radialis (shank C)], and three from hindquarter [flexor digitorum superficialis (shank D); deep digital flexor (shank E), a combination of long digital extensor, medial digital extensor and peroneus tertius (shank F)] were collected from 12 USDA low choice beef carcasses (n = 72). Shanks from the left side of the carcasses were used for consumer panels and stewed in water for 90 min at 98°C. Asian consumers (n = 91) from Manhattan, KS, evaluated samples for connective tissue texture, amount of connective tissue, juiciness, flavor, overall texture (a combination of myofibrillar tenderness and connective tissue texture) and sensory overall liking. Consumers (n = 84) also visually evaluated the size, surface color and visual overall liking of shank samples from the right side of the carcasses. Finally, consumers rated each sample as either acceptable or unacceptable. All ratings were done on either a Just About Right (JAR) or a continuous line scale.ResultsShanks A, C, D and F received similar scores close to JAR (P > 0.05) for connective tissue texture. Connective tissue texture of shank E was harder than shanks A and D, and shank B was the hardest of all (P < 0.01). For connective tissue amount, shanks A, D, and E received ratings close to JAR (P > 0.05). Consumers rated shank B with too much and shank C and F with too little (P < 0.01) connective tissue. Shanks A, D, and F received similar ratings close to JAR for juiciness (P > 0.05), while shanks C and E were rated less juicy, and shank B was the least juicy among all (P < 0.01). For overall texture, shanks A, D, and F received similar ratings close to JAR (P > 0.05), and shanks C and E were tougher than those rated JAR (P < 0.01). Again, shank B was the toughest among all for overall texture (P < 0.01). Shanks A, D, and F received the highest sensory overall liking scores, followed by shanks C and E, and shank B received the lowest overall liking score among all the shank cuts (P < 0.01). All shank cuts received high sensory acceptability scores (> 85%) except for shank B (62%; P < 0.01). Shanks A and C both received scores that were close to JAR for shank size. Consumers indicated that shanks B, E, and F were too big in size, while shank D was too small (P < 0.01). However, shanks B, C, E, and F had the greatest and similar raw weight (P > 0.05), followed by shank A, while shank D was the lightest of all (P < 0.01). For visual overall liking, shanks A and C received the highest scores, followed by shanks B, E, and F, and shank D received the lowest score (P < 0.05). Shanks A and C were most visually acceptable (> 95%), while shanks B, D, E, and F were less acceptable than shanks A and C (> 70%; P < 0.01). Finally, consumers indicated that there was no difference in flavor and surface color among different shank cuts (P > 0.05).ConclusionConnective tissue texture and amount directly affected Asian consumers’ eating preference for different beef shank cuts, while shank size was the main factor affecting their purchasing decision.

scholarly journals Comparison of activation rates in the main muscle group in the performance of Turkish folk dances

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 1133-1144
Author(s):  
Kürşad Gülbeyaz
Keyword(s):  
Motor Development ◽  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Tibialis Anterior Muscle ◽  
Quadriceps Femoris ◽  
Muscle Group ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis ◽  
The Right ◽  
Flexor Digitorum

Folk dances are “spiritual culture” in terms of music, lyrics, movement and presentation features. Also, folk dances are the “material culture” in terms of instruments, clothes and equipment. Folk dances are intertwined with many disciplines, due to its different features such as music, instrument, language, religion, literature, history, clothes, sport, stage, art, sociology, consideration and intelligence. There is no folk dance without music and rhythm. However, almost all of our women's dances and most of our men's dances are verbal. Therefore, folk dances are composed of lyrics, music and movement. Folk dances have a sportive dimension as well as a cultural dimension. Although folk dances have been examined with the dimension of movement until present day, we see that the researches on physical, physiological and kinesiological aspects are not sufficient. The main purpose of this study was to determine the contraction rates of muscles during the performance of folk dances. In this study, it has been identified 42 dances in Turkey, which movement and structural features are different from each other. These dances include 6 different “bar” type, 12 of “halay” type, 8 of “horon” type, 5 of “karşılama” type, and 11 of “zeybek” type. The study was completed using these dances. The study is derived from the author's “Analysis of Turkish Folk Dances from the Perspective of Movement Science and Culture” doctoral dissertation titled. The study was conducted in the main muscle group according to expert opinions and recommendations. The main muscle groups are Tibialis Anterior, Quadriceps Femoris, Flexor Digitorum Superficialis, Biceps Brachii, Longissimus Thoracis and Trapezius muscles. Electrodes were attached to the main muscles used in the folk dances. The measurements were obtained by bio-trace programme and data were defined in microvolt. As a result of the study, in the performance of Turkish folk dances on the type at the scale of Turkey, left Tibialis Anterior muscle (112.40), left Quadriceps Femoris muscle (112.32); the right Flexor Digitorum Superficialis muscle in the arm (49.63), the right Biceps Brachii muscle (60.07); the left Longissimus Thoracis muscle (46.68) and the right Trapezius muscle (104.19) contracted more. Determining the ratio in muscle contractions in folk dances provides valuable information which can be used in coordination exercises, motor development, training in a specific sport and also in physical therapy.

Bilateral Opponens Replacement in Post Polio Thenar Paralysis, Using Different Techniques. A Case Report.

HAND ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol os-15 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Andersen ◽  
J. W. Brandsma
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Ring Finger ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Abductor Digiti Minimi ◽  
The Right ◽  
Flexor Digitorum

A patient is presented with bilateral thenar paralysis, due to poliomyelitis. On the right hand a successful abductor digiti minimi transfer was performed. On the left hand weakness of the hypothenar muscles prevented a good result. Subsequently an opponens replacement, using flexor digitorum superficialis from the ring finger, yielded a good result.

scholarly journals A report on the accessory head of Flexor Pollicis Longus and Variations of Forearm Musculature

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (02) ◽  
pp. 098-106
Author(s):  
S. Hafez
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis ◽  
Flexor Pollicis Longus ◽  
Cadaver Dissection ◽  
Anterior Interosseous Nerve ◽  
The Right ◽  
Flexor Digitorum ◽  
Accessory Muscles

Abstract Introduction: Gantzer's muscle has drawn attention from several authors owing to the possibility of interosseous nerve compression. This is a report of an accessory head of flexor pollicis longus (FPL, a variant of Gantzer's muscle) and a review of the variations of all muscles of the forearm. Materials and Methods: An accessory head of FPL was discovered in both the right and left antebrachial regions during a cadaver dissection. The muscle was dissected and photographed. Results: The anatomical variation I report is a slender conical muscle joining the FPL. Its origin merged with fibers of the flexor digitorum superficialis. It inserted into the upper part of the middle third of the forearm by joining the medial tendinous part of the FPL; this join was by means of a short cylindrical tendon. The reported muscle was innervated by the anterior interosseous nerve, which was seen to be present posterolateral to the muscle in both forearms. Conclusion: The described muscle might cause pressure problems to the underlying structures especially the anterior interosseous nerve. Variations must be considered during surgical intervention to avoid unintentional damage to healthy tendons. In addition, accessory tendons can potentially be useful in the repair or replacement of damaged tendons through surgical transfer or transplantation. Variations of muscles, especially accessory muscles, may mimic the behavior of soft tissue tumors and can result in nerve compressions. This collection of variations of the forearm musculature will be useful to surgeons in practice as well as students in dissection labs.

The wing muscles of the American coot (Fulica americana Gmelin)

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 1758-1773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin W. C. Rosser
Keyword(s):  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Gross Anatomy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis ◽  
Fulica Americana ◽  
Flexor Digitorum ◽  
American Coot

The gross anatomy of all wing muscles of the American coot (Fulica americana Gmelin) is described. A number of myological features distinguish the rallids from the other gruiforms studied to date: the presence of M. subcoracoideus caput dorsale, the insertion of M. flexor digitorum superficialis on Phalanx proximalis digiti majoris, the presence of a deep belly of M. expansor secundariorum, and the origin of M. expansor secundariorum tendo proximalis from a small craniomedial tubercle on the scapula. Unique to F. americana, within the gruiforms studied, M. biceps brachii pars propatagialis attaches to both Tendo longa and Tendo brevis of M. tensor propatagialis.

Changes in Tissue Substance P Levels in Patients With Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Neurosurgery ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1655-1661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niyazi Öztürk ◽  
Nuray Erin ◽  
Serdar Tüzüner
Keyword(s):  
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis ◽  
Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Flexor Digitorum

Abstract BACKGROUND: Although carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy in adults, its etiology is not completely known. Chronic inflammation, fibrosis of the transverse carpal ligament (TCL), and altered sensory response contribute to the symptoms. OBJECTIVE: Because substance P (SP) is known to be involved in neuropathic pain, chronic inflammation, and fibrosis, the present study evaluated changes in SP levels in patients with CTS. METHODS: TCL, median nerve adventitia, and synovial connective tissue of the middle flexor digitorum superficialis tendon samples from patients (n = 42) with CTS and healthy control subjects (n = 13) who were operated on for hand wounds were obtained at surgery. A group of these patients with CTS (n = 9) had received meloxicam treatment for 10 days before surgery. A 2-step acetic acid extraction was used to determine changes in SP levels in free nerve endings (neuronal) and in nonneuronal cells. RESULTS: Changes in SP levels were observed in both neuronal and nonneuronal tissues. SP levels increased in extracts of the TCL and synovial connective tissue of the middle flexor digitorum superficialis tendon but not in the median nerve adventitia of patients with CTS. Meloxicam pretreatment increased SP levels in nonneuronal components of the TCL. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that SP contributes to the pain and inflammation associated with CTS. Further studies are required to evaluate the therapeutic potentials of SP receptor (NK1R) antagonists in CTS.

Abnormal Course of the Median Nerve Associated with an Anomalous Belly of Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

HAND ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol os-12 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. M. Figueiredo ◽  
G. Hooper
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Index Finger ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis ◽  
Muscle Belly ◽  
Anomalous Muscle ◽  
The Right ◽  
Flexor Digitorum

We report an anomalous muscle belly of the flexor digitorum superficialis acting on the right index finger. The median nerve lay superficial to the muscle in the forearm and at the wrist.

Bantuan Hukum Cuma-Cuma Bagi Tersangka yang Tidak Mampu Pada Tingkat Penyidikan

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rio Saputra ◽  
Mokhammad Najih
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Legal Aid ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Legal Structure ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
Study Techniques ◽  
The Right

<p><em>Suspects have the right to obtain legal assistance, especially for suspects who are classified as economically disadvantaged in accordance with Article 56 of the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP). The facts show that there are many irregularities in the implementation of legal aid, therefore it is necessary to know about the implementation of free legal aid for suspects who are incapacitated at the level of investigation and the factors that become obstacles in the implementation of legal aid. This legal research is an empirical legal research and this research is descriptive in nature. The data used are primary data and secondary data. The techniques used to collect data were document study techniques and interview techniques. Inhibiting factors affecting the implementation of free legal aid for suspects who are unable at the level of investigation can be classified and differentiated into 3 factors, namely, legal substance, legal structure, and legal culture).</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>Legal Aid, Criminal Cases</em></p>

scholarly journals Two muscular variations in the elbow associated with the anterior interosseous nerve

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Olewnik ◽  
Bartłomiej Szewczyk ◽  
Nicol Zielinska ◽  
Dariusz Grzelecki ◽  
Michał Polguj
Keyword(s):  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Ulnar Artery ◽  
Flexor Pollicis Longus ◽  
Main Band ◽  
Anatomical Dissection ◽  
Pronator Teres ◽  
Anterior Interosseous Nerve ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right

AbstractThe coexistence of different muscular-neurovascular variations is of significant clinical importance. A male cadaver, 76 years old at death, was subjected to routine anatomical dissection; the procedure was performed for research and teaching purposes at the Department of Anatomical Dissection and Donation, Medical University of Lodz. The right forearm and hand were dissected using standard techniques according to a strictly specified protocol. The presence accessory head of the flexor pollicis longus may potentially compress the anterior interosseous nerve. The present case report describes a rare variant of the ulnar head of the pronator teres, characterized by two independent bands (i.e., two proximal attachments). The main band originates from the coronoid process and the second originates from the tendon of the biceps brachii. This type of attachment could potentially affect the compression of the ulnar artery running between the two bands. Additionally, the accessory head of the flexor pollicis longus was observed, which started on the medial epicondyle; its coexistence with a high division median nerve creates a potential pressure site on the anterior interesosseous nerve.

scholarly journals Recovery and Fatigue Behavior of Forearm Muscles during a Repetitive Power Grip Gesture in Racing Motorcycle Riders

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7926
Author(s):  
Michel Marina ◽  
Priscila Torrado ◽  
Raul Bescós
Keyword(s):  
Duty Cycle ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Median Frequency ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis ◽  
Muscle Training ◽  
Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction ◽  
Power Grip ◽  
Road Racing ◽  
Flexor Digitorum ◽  
Forearm Muscle

Despite a reduction in the maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVCisom) observed systematically in intermittent fatigue protocols (IFP), decrements of the median frequency, assessed by surface electromyography (sEMG), has not been consistently verified. This study aimed to determine whether recovery periods of 60 s were too long to induce a reduction in the normalized median frequency (MFEMG) of the flexor digitorum superficialis and carpi radialis muscles. Twenty-one road racing motorcycle riders performed an IFP that simulated the posture and braking gesture on a motorcycle. The MVCisom was reduced by 53% (p < 0.001). A positive and significant relationship (p < 0.005) was found between MFEMG and duration of the fatiguing task when 5 s contractions at 30% MVCisom were interspersed by 5 s recovery in both muscles. In contrast, no relationship was found (p > 0.133) when 10 s contractions at 50% MVC were interspersed by 1 min recovery. Comparative analysis of variance (ANOVA) confirmed a decrement of MFEMG in the IFP at 30% MVCisom including short recovery periods with a duty cycle of 100% (5 s/5 s = 1), whereas no differences were observed in the IFP at 50% MVCisom and longer recovery periods, with a duty cycle of 16%. These findings show that recovery periods during IFP are more relevant than the intensity of MVCisom. Thus, we recommend the use of short recovery periods between 5 and 10 s after submaximal muscle contractions for specific forearm muscle training and testing purposes in motorcycle riders.

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