scholarly journals Two muscular variations in the elbow associated with the anterior interosseous nerve

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Olewnik ◽  
Bartłomiej Szewczyk ◽  
Nicol Zielinska ◽  
Dariusz Grzelecki ◽  
Michał Polguj
Keyword(s):  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Ulnar Artery ◽  
Flexor Pollicis Longus ◽  
Main Band ◽  
Anatomical Dissection ◽  
Pronator Teres ◽  
Anterior Interosseous Nerve ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right

AbstractThe coexistence of different muscular-neurovascular variations is of significant clinical importance. A male cadaver, 76 years old at death, was subjected to routine anatomical dissection; the procedure was performed for research and teaching purposes at the Department of Anatomical Dissection and Donation, Medical University of Lodz. The right forearm and hand were dissected using standard techniques according to a strictly specified protocol. The presence accessory head of the flexor pollicis longus may potentially compress the anterior interosseous nerve. The present case report describes a rare variant of the ulnar head of the pronator teres, characterized by two independent bands (i.e., two proximal attachments). The main band originates from the coronoid process and the second originates from the tendon of the biceps brachii. This type of attachment could potentially affect the compression of the ulnar artery running between the two bands. Additionally, the accessory head of the flexor pollicis longus was observed, which started on the medial epicondyle; its coexistence with a high division median nerve creates a potential pressure site on the anterior interesosseous nerve.

A rare variation in the formation of the lower trunk of the brachial plexus its embryological basis and clinical importance - a case report

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
N Satyanarayana ◽  
R Guha ◽  
P Sunitha ◽  
GN Reddy ◽  
G Praveen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Rare Variation ◽  
Lower Trunk ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right

Brachial plexus is the plexus of nerves, that supplies the upper limb.Variations in the branches of brachial plexus are common but variations in the roots and trunks are very rare. Here, we report one of the such rare variations in the formations of the lower trunk of the brachial plexus in the right upper limb of a male cadaver. In the present case the lower trunk was formed by the union of ventral rami of C7,C8 and T1 nerve roots. The middle trunk was absent. Upper trunk formation was normal. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal,2011,Vol-6,No-4, 49-52 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v6i4.6727

scholarly journals Aberrant Origin of Radial Artery in Arm

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-50
Author(s):  
Vivek Sathe ◽  
Rishi Pokhrel
Keyword(s):  
Radial Artery ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Axillary Artery ◽  
Deep Fascia ◽  
Lateral Side ◽  
Anterior Border ◽  
Lateral Region ◽  
Pronator Teres ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Cubital Fossa

During dissection in middle-aged male cadaver, an aberrant radial artery was noticed in the left arm. The artery was taking origin from the upper part of the brachial artery i.e. at a point when axillary artery leaves the axilla and becomes brachial artery.Course of the aberrant vessel was studied in the arm and the forearm. In the upper part of arm the vessel took origin on the lateral side of brachial plexus trunks and traveled to the lateral region of the cubital fossa travelling lateral to the biceps brachii and deep to skin, superficial and deep fascia. In the lower part of the arm i.e. just above the cubital fossa, aberrant vessel was lateral and entered the forearm deep to the pronator teres. Throughout its course the vessel laid superficial to forearm muscles, it was covered by the skin superficial and deep fascia. At the wrist its position was normal i.e. against anterior border of the radius.

scholarly journals The superficial ulnar artery: development and clinical significance

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-287
Author(s):  
Srinivasulu Reddy ◽  
Venkata Ramana Vollala
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Ulnar Artery ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Median Cubital Vein ◽  
Muscular Branch ◽  
Superficial Ulnar Artery

The principal arteries of the upper limb show a wide range of variation that is of considerable interest to orthopedic surgeons, plastic surgeons, radiologists and anatomists. We present here a case of superficial ulnar artery found during the routine dissection of right upper limb of a 50-year-old male cadaver. The superficial ulnar artery originated from the brachial artery, crossed the median nerve anteriorly and ran lateral to this nerve and the brachial artery. The superficial ulnar artery in the arm gave rise to a narrow muscular branch to the biceps brachii. At the elbow level the artery ran superficial to the bicipital aponeurosis where it was crossed by the median cubital vein. It then ran downward and medially superficial to the forearm flexor muscles, and then downward to enter the hand. At the palm, it formed the superficial and deep palmar arches together with the branches of the radial artery. The presence of a superficial ulnar artery is clinically important when raising forearm flaps in reconstructive surgery. The embryology and clinical significance of the variation are discussed.

scholarly journals Variation in the area of distribution of the lateral pectoral nerve and a communicating branch between musculocutaneous and median nerve : A case report

2015 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 088-091
Author(s):  
Divia Paul A. ◽  
Manisha Rajanand Gaikwad
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Lateral Cord ◽  
Pectoral Nerve ◽  
Communicating Branch ◽  
Additional Branch ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Indian Male

AbstractVariations in the distribution of the lateral cord and its branches in the infraclavicular part of the brachial plexus are common and significant to the neurologists, surgeons, anaesthetists and the anatomists [1]. The present case describes a rare variation of the lateral pectoral nerve giving an additional branch to supply biceps brachii muscle and ends by joining inferior collateral branch of brachial artery. Also it was observed that the musculo cutaneous nerve received communicating branches from the median nerve before and after piercing the coracobrachialismuscle. The above observations were observed during routine dissection of a 55 year old Indian male cadaver. The musculocutaneous nerve, lateral pectoral nerve and its branches were identified and protected. The clinical importance of the variation is discussed.

scholarly journals Uncommon course of the ulnar artery through the pronator teres muscle

1970 ◽  
Vol 52 (195) ◽  
pp. 946-948
Author(s):  
Katerina Vymazalová ◽  
Lenka Vargová ◽  
Marek Joukal
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Ulnar Artery ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Pronator Teres ◽  
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris ◽  
Cubital Fossa ◽  
The Right ◽  
Flexor Digitorum

In this paper, we describe a very rare variant in the course of the ulnar artery that we encountered in dissecting the right upper limb of a 74-year-old man. The ulnar artery arose standardly from the brachial artery in the cubital fossa. However, its ensuing course differed from the norm. The artery entered together with the ulnar vein and median nerve into the pronator canal (between the humeral and ulnar heads of the pronator teres). Further, the ulnar artery descended classically to the ulnar side of the forearm between the flexor carpi ulnaris and flexor digitorum superficialis. Knowledge of this variation in the course of the ulnar artery may have significance in clinical practice because accumulation of anatomical structures in the pronator canal could be a predisposing factor for the compression of nerve or blood vessels. Keywords: anatomical variation; median nerve; pronator canal; pronator teres muscle; ulnar artery.  

scholarly journals Variations of Biceps Brachii Muscle and its Clinical Importance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolly Agarwal ◽  
Krishna Gopal
Keyword(s):  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Nerve Supply ◽  
Biceps Brachii Muscle ◽  
Muscle Belly ◽  
Iatrogenic Injuries ◽  
Pronator Teres ◽  
Radial Tuberosity ◽  
Neurovascular Structures

Introduction: Biceps brachii is one of the functionally important muscles of front of the arm. As the name indicates biceps brachii is having two heads of origin and it inserts on the posterior surface of radial tuberosity. Variations may be present in the form of additional heads of origin or they may be present at its insertion. These variations may affect action of muscle and may cause compression of nearby neurovascular structures. Aim: To determine the variation in anatomy of biceps brachii with respect to its origin, insertion and its nerve supply. Materials and Methods: The present osteological study was conducted on 32 arms of embalmed cadavers (including both right and left) of Department of Anatomy, SRMS IMS, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India from 2015-2018 period. The dissection of arm was done according to standard guidelines and biceps brachii muscle was cleaned. The origin, insertion and nerve supply of biceps brachii muscle was observed and noted for any variation. Results: In the present study an additional head of origin of biceps on right and left side of two cadavers were found. In present study inferomedial origin of biceps brachii was found. The present study also showed the presence of musculotendinous slip at its insertion. This slip was going towards the muscle belly of pronator teres. Conclusion: There are numerous variations seen in biceps brachii which can put a surgeon in dilemma and it may result in iatrogenic injuries. Hence, it is important to have a knowledge about its variations so that such injuries can be prevented.

scholarly journals The prevalence and anatomical characteristics of the accessory head of the flexor pollicis longus muscle: a meta-analysis

PeerJ ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e1255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyeeta Roy ◽  
Brandon M. Henry ◽  
Przemysław A. Pękala ◽  
Jens Vikse ◽  
Piravin Kumar Ramakrishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Flexor Pollicis Longus ◽  
Anatomical Variant ◽  
Anatomical Characteristics ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Longus Muscle ◽  
Anterior Interosseous Nerve ◽  
Language Restriction ◽  
Anterior Interosseous Nerve Syndrome ◽  
The Right

Background and Objectives.The accessory head of the flexor pollicis longus muscle (AHFPL), also known as the Gantzer’s muscle, was first described in 1813. The prevalence rates of an AHFPL significantly vary between studies, and no consensus has been reached on the numerous variations reported in its origin, innervation, and relationships to the Anterior Interosseous Nerve (AIN) and the Median Nerve (MN). The aim of our study was to determine the true prevalence of AHFPL and to study its associated anatomical characteristics.Methods.A search of the major electronic databases PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science was performed to identify all articles reporting data on the prevalence of AHPFL in the population. No date or language restriction was set. Additionally, an extensive search of the references of all relevant articles was performed. Data on the prevalence of the AHFPL in upper limbs and its anatomical characteristics and relationships including origin, insertion, innervation, and position was extracted and pooled into a meta-analysis using MetaXL version 2.0.Results.A total of 24 cadaveric studies (n= 2,358 upper limb) were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of an AHFPL was 44.2% (95% CI [0.347–0.540]). An AHFPL was found more commonly in men than in women (41.1% vs. 24.1%), and was slightly more prevalent on the right side than on the left side (52.8% vs. 45.2%). The most common origin of the AHFPL was from the medial epicondyle of the humerus with a pooled prevalence of 43.6% (95% CI [0.166–0.521]). In most cases, the AHFPL inserted into the flexor pollicis longus muscle (94.6%, 95% CI [0.731–1.0]) and was innervated by the AIN (97.3%, 95% CI [0.924–0.993]).Conclusion.The AHFPL should be considered as more a part of normal anatomy than an anatomical variant. The variability in its anatomical characteristics, and its potential to cause compression of the AIN and MN, must be taken into account by physicians to avoid iatrogenic injury during decompression procedures and to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of Anterior Interosseous Nerve Syndrome.

scholarly journals Third Head of the Biceps Brachii Muscle and a Communication between the Musculocutaneous and Median Nerves: A Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (01) ◽  
pp. 051-054
Author(s):  
Caroline Dussin ◽  
Lucas Moyses ◽  
Sávio Siqueira
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Biceps Brachii Muscle ◽  
Present Case Report ◽  
Communicating Branch ◽  
Brachialis Muscle ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right

AbstractMany authors have reported and classified several anatomical variations between the musculocutaneous (Mc) and median (Me) nerves, regarding their origin, number, and proximity with the coracobrachialis muscle. There also are, in the scientific community, records classifying the origin of supernumerary heads of the biceps brachii muscle. However, the occurrence of both aforementioned variations in the same arm is very uncommon. During a routine dissection of the right upper limb of a male cadaver, a third head of the biceps brachii was found originating from the fibers of the brachialis muscle, as well as a communicating branch between the Mc and the Me nerves, in the same limb. The objective of the present case report is to describe these multiple variations found, relating them and discussing their relevant clinical implications.

scholarly journals Absence of the musculocutaneous nerve: a rare anatomical variation with possible clinical-surgical implications

2008 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 288-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Humberto Tavares Guerreiro Fregnani ◽  
Maria Inez Marcondes Macéa ◽  
Celina Siqueira Barbosa Pereira ◽  
Mirna Duarte Barros ◽  
José Rafael Macéa
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Lateral Surface ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Musculocutaneous Nerve ◽  
The Third ◽  
Brachialis Muscle ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right ◽  
Unknown Case

CONTEXT: The musculocutaneous nerve is one of the terminal branches of the lateral fasciculus of the brachial plexus, and is responsible for innervation of the flexor musculature of the elbow and for skin sensitivity on the lateral surface of the forearm. Its absence has been described previously, but its real prevalence is unknown. CASE REPORT: A case of absence of the musculocutaneous nerve that was observed during the dissection of the right arm of a male cadaver is described. The area of innervation was supplied by the median nerve. From this, three branches emerged: one to the coracobrachialis muscle, another to the biceps brachii muscle and the third to the brachialis muscle. This last branch continued as a lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve. This is an anatomical variation that has clinical-surgical implications, considering that injury to the median nerve in this case would have caused unexpected paralysis of the flexor musculature of the elbow and hypoesthesia of the lateral surface of the forearm.

scholarly journals Gantzer muscles; a study on 50 cadaveric upper limbs

2015 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 179-185
Author(s):  
Roshni Bajpe ◽  
Tarakeshwari R. ◽  
Shubha R.
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Ulnar Artery ◽  
South Indian Population ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Compressive Neuropathy ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Anterior Interosseous Nerve ◽  
The Right ◽  
Deep Flexors ◽  
Flexor Digitorum

Abstract Background : Gantzer muscle is the name given to the additional head of Flexor Digitorum Profudus (FDP) or Flexor Pollicis Longus (FPL). It connects the superficial flexors and deep flexors of forearm. It sometimes may be related to Anterior Interosseous Nerve (AIN) and Ulnar artery causing Compressive Neuropathy or Vascular symptoms. Aim: To assess incidence of Gantzer muscle in South Indian population, its morphology and clinical significance. Materials and methods: The study was carried out on 50 upper limbs dissected by first year M.B.B.S students. Results : Nine upper limbs showed the presence of Gantzer muscle, three belonged to the right and six belonged to the left. Observations : Additional heads were associated as follows: From FDP-2 and from FPL-7. Innervation was either from Median nerve, Anterior Interosseous nerve or Ulnar nerve. Superficially median nerve was related, deep relations were Ulnar artery and Anterior Interosseous nerve. In one case, Median nerve and artery were related superficially. Conclusion: Gantzer muscle is important clinically as a cause of vascular or nerve compression.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document