scholarly journals Fuel as a Factor in Canadian Transport: Energy Capital and Communication Theory

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Greaves
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Communication Theory ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Wealth Accumulation ◽  
Communication Studies ◽  
Canadian History ◽  
Compte Rendu ◽  
Coal Trade

Background  Established in 1849, the Fort Rupert coal settlement represented a departure in the Hudson’s Bay Company’s mode of colonial wealth accumulation on Vancouver Island. Company officials failed, however, to appreciate basic differences in the new mode of accumulation, including the importance of transportation to capitalist mineral extraction.Analysis  This article accomplishes three things: it retrieves foundational theories of transportation and commodity circulation once popular in communication studies, provides a documentary account of coal mining and the coal trade in the mid-nineteenth-century eastern Pacific, and articulates a theory of capitalist energy consumption.Conclusion and implications  The culminating theory of energy capital positions the extraction and circulation of fuel within Canadian communication studies through a transportation-focused approach to communication.Keywords  Canadian history; Communication theory; Energy; Marxism; TransportationContexte  L’agglomération de Fort Rupert établie en 1849 pour extraire le charbon sur l’Île de Vancouver représenta pour la Compagnie de la Baie d’Hudson une nouvelle sorte de colonisation axée sur l’enrichissement. Les dirigeants de la Compagnie, cependant, n’ont pas reconnu des particularités fondamentales relatives à ce nouveau mode d’accumulation, y compris l’importance de moyens de transport jusqu’au site d’extraction des minerais.Analyse  Cet article vise trois objectifs : il récupère des théories fondatrices, populaires jadis dans le domaine des communications, sur le transport et la circulation des marchandises; il fournit un compte rendu sur l’extraction et le commerce du charbon dans l’Est du Pacifique au milieu du 19ème siècle; et il articule une théorie capitaliste sur la consommation énergétique.Conclusion and implications  La théorie principale sur le capital en énergie positionne l’extraction et la circulation de combustibles au sein des études en communication au Canada en ayant recours à une approche centrée sur le transport.Mots clés  Canadian history; Communication theory; Energy; Marxism; Transportation 

Migration and Economic Mobility: Wealth Accumulation and Occupational Change Among Antebellum Migrants and Persisters

1998 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 927-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Herscovici
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Blue Collar ◽  
Economic Mobility ◽  
Economic Opportunity ◽  
Wealth Accumulation ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Occupational Change ◽  
Nineteenth Century America

Research on nineteenth-century economic and social mobility has concentrated on occupational change among men who remained in the same community for ten or more years, although fewer than half of any community's residents persist that long. This article uses a data set created specifically to compare the experiences of men who migrated from Newburyport, Massachusetts in the mid-nineteenth century with those of men who persisted. It finds that blue-collar migrants were more successful than were their counterparts who did not move. The results suggest that previous studies may have considerably underestimated the extent of economic opportunity in nineteenth-century America.

Are The Rich Getting Richer? Trends in U.S. Wealth Concentration

1976 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Lebergott
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Forward Model ◽  
Wealth Accumulation ◽  
Wealth Concentration ◽  
Personal Wealth ◽  
The Rich ◽  
American Families

When tested against U.S. evidence back to the nineteenth century a straight-forward model of wealth accumulation contradicts the belief that “the rich are getting richer.” If the wealth owned by the top 1 percent of American families in 1922 had earned only a modest 8 percent yearly until 1953 then they (or their heirs) would have owned 98 percent of personal wealth—instead of an actual share of 28 percent. The erosion of top wealth groups also appears for 1953–1969, and for 1892 and the years following. The reasons for such erosion, inherent in the structure of U.S. families and of U.S. institutions, are discussed.

scholarly journals Annals of Coal Mining and the Coal Trade

Nature ◽  
1905 ◽  
Vol 71 (1842) ◽  
pp. 361-362
Author(s):  
BENNETT H. BROUGH
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Coal Trade

Redescription and Distribution of the Rare Deep-Sea Eel Xenomystax atrarius in the Eastern Pacific Ocean

1972 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex E. Peden
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Continental Slope ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Eastern Pacific Ocean ◽  
Major Revision ◽  
Subjective Synonym

Xenomystax atrarius Gilbert has been considered a possible representative of as many as three eel families (Congridae, Muraenesocidae, and Nettastomidae) by recent authors. Although the species is described in detail in this account, it cannot be definitely assigned to a family without major revision of these families. The species is now known from 19 specimens captured mostly near the continental slope of the eastern Pacific Ocean between Valparaiso, Chile, and Vancouver Island, B.C. Xenomystax rictus Garman 1899 should be considered a junior subjective synonym of X. atrarius Gilbert 1891.

Two Forms of Democracy: A Response to Mendelsohn's “Public Brokerage: Constitutional Reform and the Accommodation of Mass Publics”

2000 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-592
Author(s):  
Janet Ajzenstat
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Constitutional Reform ◽  
Canadian History ◽  
Popular Participation ◽  
Parliamentary Government ◽  
Mass Publics ◽  
The Many ◽  
Constitution Making

Underlying Matthew Mendelsohn's plea for popular participation in constitution making is a tradition of democratic thought that Jennifer Smith calls “anti–partyism.” This is not the place to describe types of anti–partyism, or trace its roots in Rousseau; I will say only that in Canadian history, and still today, anti–partyism is critical of parliamentary government. In the mid–nineteenth century its proponents argued for the rule of the demos, “the many”; they called their philosophy, “democracy.” They were not calling merely for an extension of the franchise; they criticized the very idea of representative and responsible institutions, contending that responsible parliamentary government empowered “the few” at the expense of “the many.” Today, most scholars regard parliamentary government as a form of democracy, and usually remember that “democracy” has more than one definition. In his article, Mendelsohn unfortunately uses “democracy” to describe only views inclining to anti–partyism.

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