CONFORMITY IN THE ASCH EXPERIMENT: INNER-OTHER DIRECTEDNESS AND THE “DEFIANT SUBJECT

1980 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore A. Lamb ◽  
Majeed Alsikafi
Keyword(s):  
Personality Types ◽  
Previous Experience ◽  
Partial Explanation ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Subject Effect

McCarthyism of the 1950s was proposed by Larsen (1974) as an explanation for Asch's (1956) high rates of conformity. Larsen discovered low rates of conformity in his research. Riesman et al. (1950) would argue that conformity rates should be increasing rather than decreasing because of a growing predominance of “other-directed” personality types in modern societies, in addition, contamination of Ss could be produced by familiarization with Asch's widely known techniques and results. A replication of Asch's classic conformity experiment was conducted to examine three hypotheses: (1) the more other-directed, the greater the tendency to conform; (2) conformity rates in studies today will be higher than those in previous studies; (3) Ss familiar with the nature of the experiment from previous experience should conform more than Ss unfamiliar with the experiment. Hypotheses 1 and 2 were supported (p <0.001). Hypothesis 3 was not supported. The “defiant subject effect” is proposed as a possible reason for the lack of significance of hypothesis 3 and a partial explanation for Larsen's (1974) findings.

Head Position Identification

1967 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 438-448
Author(s):  
H. N. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Roc Curve ◽  
Head Position ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Partial Explanation ◽  
Complex Sounds ◽  
Binaural Cues ◽  
Criterion Behavior ◽  
Stimulus Degradation

A binaural recording of traffic sounds that reached an artificial head oriented in five different positions was presented to five subjects, each of whom responded under four different criteria. The results showed that it is possible to examine the ability of listeners to localize sound while listening through earphones and that the criterion adopted by an individual listener is independent of his performance. For the experimental conditions used, the Type II ROC curve generated by manipulating criterion behavior was linear and consistent with a guessing model. Further experiments involving different degrees of stimulus degradation suggested a partial explanation for this finding and illustrated the various types of monaural and binaural cues used by normal and hearing-impaired listeners to localize complex sounds.

Rethinking the 1950s

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Delton
Keyword(s):  
The 1950S

Differentiation of Holland's Personality Types by Means of Psychological Need Variables

1978 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
James K. Besyner ◽  
Jack L. Bodden ◽  
Jane L. Winer
Keyword(s):  
Personality Types ◽  
Psychological Need

On the Individual

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Magnusson
Keyword(s):  
School Psychologist ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Developmental Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Over Time

A description of two cases from my time as a school psychologist in the middle of the 1950s forms the background to the following question: Has anything important happened since then in psychological research to help us to a better understanding of how and why individuals think, feel, act, and react as they do in real life and how they develop over time? The studies serve as a background for some general propositions about the nature of the phenomena that concerns us in developmental research, for a summary description of the developments in psychological research over the last 40 years as I see them, and for some suggestions about future directions.

Diaries of Mad Housewives: On Gender Role and Schizophrenia in the 1950s

1989 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 490-491
Author(s):  
Anthony Schuham
Keyword(s):  
Gender Role ◽  
The 1950S
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