Possible Perception Bias in the Thermal Evaluation of Evaporation Cooling with a Misting Fan

Mist evaporation cooling (MEC) is increasingly used as a low-energy means to improve thermal comfort in hot environments. However, the thermal sensation votes (TSV) often overshoot values of Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) models. Evaluations of MEC may be affected by an expectation that mist feels cool or the “good subject” effect. Here, subjects are exposed to a misting fan and an identical fan without mist and asked which fan feels cooler. Unknown to the subjects, the misting fan has almost no cooling effect (about 0.4 K reduction in air temperature) and a hidden heater increased the temperature of the misting fan air flow, making it up to 1.6 K warmer than the fan without mist. Supplemental experiments told the subjects about the heater. Surveys of over 300 subjects when varying this misted air temperature showed a bias above random chance that people vote that a misting fan airflow was cooler, even when it was the same temperature or slightly warmer than the non-misting fan. It is possible that the expectation of cooling or good subject effect influences evaluations of mist. This effect should be considered in thermal comfort evaluations of mist cooling and in the deployment of MEC systems.

Improvement of Mobility, Strength, Stability and Pain in Soccer Players with Recurrent Ankle Sprains Through Myofascial Release, Strength Exercises and Taping: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background. Recurrent ankle sprains are common in soccer players, characterized by restricted range of motion, pain, and decreased proprioception, strength, and postural control. Methods. In this randomized controlled trial over 4 weeks, 36 recreationally active male football players randomly to experimental group (myofascial release applied to the subastragaline joint, eccentric training with an isoinertial device and neuromuscular taping) or control group (same intervention without neuromuscular taping). Outcomes measures were range of motion, strength, stability and perceived pain in the ankle joint. The within-subject effect and group interaction were obtained by means of a repeated measures ANOVA.Results. We found significant differences in range of motion in dorsiflexion (p < 0.001; η2p = 0.31) and plantar flexion (p < 0.01; η2p = 0.23). We also found differences depending on the moment in the strength in dorsiflexion (p = 0.001; η2p = 0.19) and plantar flexion (p < 0.001; η2p = 0.29) and in the intra-subject effect in the variables perceived pain (p = 0.03; η2p = 0.11) and the mean anteroposterior and mid-lateral velocity with eyes open (p < 0.001; η2p = 0.25). No significant changes in group interaction were found in any of the variables (p > 0.05).Conclusion. The combination of fascial therapy and eccentric strength training with an isoinertial device improves ankle mobility, strength and stability in footballers with recurrent ankle sprains. The use of taping techniques failed to provide a greater improvement of the study variables when combined with manual therapy and strength techniques.Trial Registration Number: www.clinicaltrials.gov (id: NCT04257916; Date of registration: 2nd, April, 2020).

ANALISIS DAMPAK PENJUALAN KREDIT TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN USAHA MIKRO DI KOTA SERANG

This study aims to determine the effect of sales on business development when viewed from the indicator of sales turnover, number of workers, number of customers on “Pemancingan Serang Hijau”. In this study data was collected by means of observation, documentation and interviews. Almost all daily policies and problems were taken based on statistical methods and the results of data analysis and interpretation both qualitatively and quantitatively.MANOVA is a multivariate statistical analysis that is used in analyzing more than one dependent variable to find out whether the group averages differ significantly but are still rarely used. The purpose of the study is to apply MANOVA to determine business development when viewed from the sales turnover indicator of the number of workers, number of customers.From the results of the 2018 MANOVA test, using the test between the Subject Effect procedure obtained the Sig.0,723 value for sales turnover, while the Workforce obtained Sig.0,000 and for customers the Sig.0,000 value was obtained. This shows that the sales turnover variable does not affect credit sales, while the workforce and customers have a Sig value of less than 0.005, the workforce and customers influence credit sales towards business development in “Pemancingan Serang Hijau”.

Self-Monitoring Influences Graduate Students’ Perceptions of Own Group Conformity Pressure

Own-group conformity pressure refers to experiencing pressure to conform to standards that a specific ethnic group established. The own-group conformity pressure theory posits that own-group norms subtly indicate how targeted individuals should behave socially. Ethnicity-related backlash is a form of harassment for violating ethnic stereotypes that elicits this form of conformity pressure. Self-monitoring helps thwart work-related backlash for gender deviance. This quantitative causal-comparative study investigated if there are any significant differences in own-group conformity pressure scores for 160 graduate students in APA accredited programs and CACREP accredited programs in the United States who have low self-monitoring scores or high self-monitoring scores. The participants took a Self-Monitoring Scale and Own-Group Conformity Pressure Scale survey, and a one-way MANOVA facilitated the simultaneous analysis of three research questions. The multivariate effect of self-monitoring (low or high) on the variables combined (style/interests and social relations), representing own-group conformity pressure, was not significant, Wilks’ Lamba = .964, F(2, 157) = 2.971, p = .054, but this result was close to the criterion alpha. A significant between-subject effect was observed for social relations, F(1, 158) = 5.969, p = .016, with high-self monitors yielding a higher mean of 3.48, 95% CI [3.05, 3.91] for social relations than low self-monitors with a mean of 2.84, 95% CI [2.53, 3.15]. The significant result for own-group conformity pressure regarding social relations addressed a previous gap in the literature and demonstrated that self-monitoring skills influence students’ perceptions of own-group conformity pressure, especially students who are high self-monitors.

PENGARUH PENGUMUMAN RIGHT ISSUE TERHADAP RETURN SAHAM DAN TINGKAT LIKUIDITAS SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA TAHUN 2011-2014

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengumuman right issue terhadap return saham dan tingkat likuiditas saham pada perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2011-2014. Return saham pada penelitian ini diproksikan menjadi abnormal return, sedangkan likuiditas saham diproksikan menjadi volume perdagangan saham (trading volume activity) . Pengujian reaksi pasar yang timbul karena pengumuman right issue dilakukan dengan menguji average abnormal return dan average trading volume activity lima hari sebelum dan lima hari sesudah pengumuman right issue. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh perusahaan yang melakukan right issue terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2011-2014 yaitu sebanyak 87 perusahaan. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 87 perusahaan. Sampel ini dipilih dengan menggunakan metode total sampling. Penelitian ini merupakan event study dengan menggunakan market adjusted model dengan periode periode peristiwa 10 hari yaitu lima hari sebelum pengumuman right issue dan lima hari sesudah pengumuman right issue. Pengujian pertama hipotesis ini menggunakan metode uji MANOVA yaitu dengan melakukan uji Statistik Univariat ( Test of Between Subject Effect) tetapi setelah dilakukan uji statistik tersebut diperoleh hasil yang tidak memenuhi syarat MANOVA. Maka dilakukan pengujian kedua dengan uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan tidak ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara pengumuman right issue sebelum dan sesudah terhadap abnormal return dan trading volume activity di perusahaan yang diteliti. Kata kunci : Reaksi Pasar, Right Issue, Return Saham, Likuiditas Saham

Randomized Controlled Trial of Postoperative Sensitivity with Warm and Room Temperature Composite

Physical properties of composite improve when it is preheated prior to polymerization. However, postoperative sensitivity may be considered a potential complication. A review of the literature revealed no reported randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of postoperative sensitivity when using preheated composite resin. The objective of the study was to determine if preheating composite leads to changes in postoperative sensitivity in a parallel RCT. In total, 120 eligible, consenting adults were recruited in private dental practice and randomized into 2 groups of 60 patients. One group had room temperature composite restorations placed and the second had composite preheated to 39°C. The primary outcome was sensitivity after 24 h by the visual analog scale (VAS), recorded blind by patients. Secondary outcomes were VAS scores recorded over a month. Blind statistical analysis used the Mann-Whitney U test to compare the 24-h VAS score between groups and repeated-measures analysis of variance to assess the change over time. Potential confounders were tested using regression models. A total of 115 patients completed the trial: 57 in the heated composite group and 58 in the room temperature group. Analysis of 24-h VAS scores found no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups ( P = 0.162). Examining the potential confounders confirmed the nonsignificant difference between heated and room temperature groups on the 24-h VAS score, after controlling teeth type and preoperative pulp test (effect size = 0.173, P = 0.317). Analysis of the secondary outcomes found significant changes (within-subject effect) in VAS scores over the review period ( F statistic = 4.7, P = 0.002) but not a significant (between-subject effect) difference between heated and room temperature groups over time (effect size = 0.102, P = 0.197). There was a significant correlation between preoperative VAS score and postoperative VAS score ( P < 0.001). For the restorations in this study, there was no detectable difference in postoperative VAS score between preheated and room temperature composite. Postoperative sensitivity decreased throughout the first month. Postoperative sensitivity was correlated to preoperative sensitivity (ISRCTN 76727312). Knowledge Transfer Statement: The results of this study can be used by clinicians when considering the advantages and disadvantages of preheated composite. The study found no evidence of any change in postoperative sensitivity when using preheated composite. Since preheated composite has superior physical properties, its use for routine care can be considered good practice.