Eye movement characteristics for the types of mathematics patterning in young children

The affective dimension of pain contributes to pain perception. Cognitive load may influence pain-related feelings. Eye tracking has proven useful for detecting cognitive load effects objectively by using relevant eye movement characteristics. In this study, we investigated whether eye movement characteristics differ in response to pain-related feelings in the presence of low and high cognitive loads. A set of validated, control, and pain-related sounds were applied to provoke pain-related feelings. Twelve healthy young participants (six females) performed a cognitive task at two load levels, once with the control and once with pain-related sounds in a randomized order. During the tasks, eye movements and task performance were recorded. Afterwards, the participants were asked to fill out questionnaires on their pain perception in response to the applied cognitive loads. Our findings indicate that an increased cognitive load was associated with a decreased saccade peak velocity, saccade frequency, and fixation frequency, as well as an increased fixation duration and pupil dilation range. Among the oculometrics, pain-related feelings were reflected only in the pupillary responses to a low cognitive load. The performance and perceived cognitive load decreased and increased, respectively, with the task load level and were not influenced by the pain-related sounds. Pain-related feelings were lower when performing the task compared with when no task was being performed in an independent group of participants. This might be due to the cognitive engagement during the task. This study demonstrated that cognitive processing could moderate the feelings associated with pain perception.

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Fixation eye movement abnormalities and stereopsis recovery following strabismus repair

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-93919-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Talora L. Martin ◽

Jordan Murray ◽

Kiran Garg ◽

Charles Gallagher ◽

Aasef G. Shaikh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Eye Movements ◽

Eye Movement ◽

Functional Improvement ◽

Slow Phase ◽

Fixational Eye Movements ◽

Movement Characteristics ◽

Adaptive Mechanisms ◽

Before And After ◽

Gaze Holding ◽

Fixational Saccades

AbstractWe evaluated the effects of strabismus repair on fixational eye movements (FEMs) and stereopsis recovery in patients with fusion maldevelopment nystagmus (FMN) and patients without nystagmus. Twenty-one patients with strabismus, twelve with FMN and nine without nystagmus, were tested before and after strabismus repair. Eye-movements were recorded during a gaze-holding task under monocular viewing conditions. Fast (fixational saccades and quick phases of nystagmus) and slow (inter-saccadic drifts and slow phases of nystagmus) FEMs and bivariate contour ellipse area (BCEA) were analyzed in the viewing and non-viewing eye. Strabismus repair improved the angle of strabismus in subjects with and without FMN, however patients without nystagmus were more likely to have improvement in stereoacuity. The fixational saccade amplitudes and intersaccadic drift velocities in both eyes decreased after strabismus repair in subjects without nystagmus. The slow phase velocities were higher in patients with FMN compared to inter-saccadic drifts in patients without nystagmus. There was no change in the BCEA after surgery in either group. In patients without nystagmus, the improvement of the binocular function (stereopsis), as well as decreased fixational saccade amplitude and intersaccadic drift velocity, could be due, at least partially, to central adaptive mechanisms rendered possible by surgical realignment of the eyes. The absence of improvement in patients with FMN post strabismus repair likely suggests the lack of such adaptive mechanisms in patients with early onset infantile strabismus. Assessment of fixation eye movement characteristics can be a useful tool to predict functional improvement post strabismus repair.

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Comparative study on drivers’ eye movement characteristics and psycho-physiological reactions at tunnel entrances in plain and high-altitude areas: A pilot study

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology ◽

10.1016/j.tust.2022.104370 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 122 ◽

pp. 104370

Author(s):

Guanfeng Yan ◽

Mingnian Wang ◽

Pengcheng Qin ◽

Tao Yan ◽

Yifan Bao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Comparative Study ◽

High Altitude ◽

Eye Movement ◽

Movement Characteristics ◽

Physiological Reactions

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Effect of Freeing the Head on Eye Movement Characteristics during Three-Dimensional Shifts of Gaze and Tracking

The Head-Neck Sensory Motor System ◽

10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195068207.003.0064 ◽

1992 ◽

pp. 412-418 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Han Collewijn ◽

Robert M. Steinman ◽

Casper J. Erkelens ◽

Zygmunt Pizlo ◽

Johannes Van Der Steen

Keyword(s):

Eye Movement ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Movement Characteristics

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Change-Point Analysis of Eye Movement Characteristics for Female Drivers in Anxiety

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16071236 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (7) ◽

pp. 1236 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yongqing Guo ◽

Xiaoyuan Wang ◽

Qing Xu ◽

Feifei Liu ◽

Yaqi Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Least Squares ◽

Eye Movement ◽

Change Point ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Least Squares Method ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Change Point Analysis ◽

Road Traffic Safety ◽

Movement Characteristics ◽

Point Analysis

Driver hazard perception is highly related to involvement in traffic accidents, and vision is the most important sense with which we perceive risk. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the characteristics of drivers’ eye movements to promote road safety. This study focuses on analyzing the changes of drivers’ eye-movement characteristics in anxiety. We used various materials to induce drivers’ anxiety, and then conducted the real driving experiments and driving simulations to collect drivers’ eye-movement data. Then, we compared the differences between calm and anxiety on drivers’ eye-movement characteristics, in order to extract the key eye-movement features. The least squares method of change point analysis was carried out to detect the time and locations of sudden changes in eye movement characteristics. The results show that the least squares method is effective for identifying eye-movement changes of female drivers in anxiety. It was also found that changes in road environments could cause a significant increase in fixation count and fixation duration for female drivers, such as in scenes with traffic accidents or sharp curves. The findings of this study can be used to recognize unexpected events in road environment and improve the geometric design of curved roads. This study can also be used to develop active driving warning systems and intelligent human–machine interactions in vehicles. This study would be of great theoretical significance and application value for improving road traffic safety.

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