scholarly journals Change-Point Analysis of Eye Movement Characteristics for Female Drivers in Anxiety

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongqing Guo ◽  
Xiaoyuan Wang ◽  
Qing Xu ◽  
Feifei Liu ◽  
Yaqi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Change Point ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Change Point Analysis ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Movement Characteristics ◽  
Point Analysis

Driver hazard perception is highly related to involvement in traffic accidents, and vision is the most important sense with which we perceive risk. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the characteristics of drivers’ eye movements to promote road safety. This study focuses on analyzing the changes of drivers’ eye-movement characteristics in anxiety. We used various materials to induce drivers’ anxiety, and then conducted the real driving experiments and driving simulations to collect drivers’ eye-movement data. Then, we compared the differences between calm and anxiety on drivers’ eye-movement characteristics, in order to extract the key eye-movement features. The least squares method of change point analysis was carried out to detect the time and locations of sudden changes in eye movement characteristics. The results show that the least squares method is effective for identifying eye-movement changes of female drivers in anxiety. It was also found that changes in road environments could cause a significant increase in fixation count and fixation duration for female drivers, such as in scenes with traffic accidents or sharp curves. The findings of this study can be used to recognize unexpected events in road environment and improve the geometric design of curved roads. This study can also be used to develop active driving warning systems and intelligent human–machine interactions in vehicles. This study would be of great theoretical significance and application value for improving road traffic safety.

scholarly journals Analysis on Driver’s Physiological and Eye Movement Characteristics under Alcohol Effect

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 138-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan Yun Fu ◽  
Yu Long Pei
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Alcohol Effect ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Driving Time ◽  
Movement Characteristics ◽  
Change Characteristics ◽  
Recovery Experiment

Drink-driving has a significant impact on road traffic safety. Based on the choice of driver’s physiological and eye movement characteristics indicators, this study compared driver's skin electricity change characteristics was compared under different alcohol intake, heart rate scatter diagram was used to establish the Poincare section, and driver’s physiological characteristics under alcohol effect were analyzed. Driver’s fixation, saccade and blink were compared under different alcohol intake to study the change of some characteristics. On the basis of the recovery experiment of drivers’ physiological and eye movement characteristics after drinking, this study gave the elimination time under alcohol effect of physiological and eye movement characteristics then revealed the change law of the driver’s physiological and eye movement characteristics under alcohol effect. Results show that alcohol effect elimination time can be determined by analyzing driver’s physiological and eye movement characteristics indices, which is useful for mastering the reasonable driving time after drunk.

scholarly journals Assessing inequality, irregularity, and severity regarding road traffic safety during COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Lin ◽  
Feng Shi ◽  
Weizi Li
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Accident Data ◽  
The Impact

AbstractCOVID-19 has affected every sector of our society, among which human mobility is taking a dramatic change due to quarantine and social distancing. We investigate the impact of the pandemic and subsequent mobility changes on road traffic safety. Using traffic accident data from the city of Los Angeles and New York City, we find that the impact is not merely a blunt reduction in traffic and accidents; rather, (1) the proportion of accidents unexpectedly increases for “Hispanic” and “Male” groups; (2) the “hot spots” of accidents have shifted in both time and space and are likely moved from higher-income areas (e.g., Hollywood and Lower Manhattan) to lower-income areas (e.g., southern LA and southern Brooklyn); (3) the severity level of accidents decreases with the number of accidents regardless of transportation modes. Understanding those variations of traffic accidents not only sheds a light on the heterogeneous impact of COVID-19 across demographic and geographic factors, but also helps policymakers and planners design more effective safety policies and interventions during critical conditions such as the pandemic.

A Sequential Bayesian Change-Point Analysis of BRICS Currency Returns

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aviral Kumar Tiwari ◽  
Cleiton Guollo Taufemback ◽  
Satish Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Change Point ◽  
Change Point Analysis ◽  
Point Analysis

Detection of Test Speededness Using Change-Point Analysis

Psychometrika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 1118-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Can Shao ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Ying Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Change Point ◽  
Change Point Analysis ◽  
Test Speededness ◽  
Point Analysis

scholarly journals Road Transport Accidents in Nigeria and the Role of Automotive Active Safety System

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Olasunkanmi Oriola Akinyemi ◽  
Hezekiah O Adeyemi ◽  
Olusegun Jinadu
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Active Safety ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Road Traffic Safety

Abstract Analysis of road traffic accidents revealed that most accidents are as a result of drivers’ errors. Over the years, active safety systems (ASS) were devised in vehicle to reduce the high level of road accidents, caused by human errors, leading to death and injuries. This study however evaluated the impacts of ASS inclusions into vehicles in Nigeria road transportation network. The objectives was to measure how ASS contributed to making driving safer and enhanced transport safety. Road accident data were collected, for a period of eleven years, from Lagos State Ministry of Economic Planning and Budget, Central Office of Statistics. Quantitative analysis of the retrospective accident was conducted by computing the proportion of yearly number of vehicles involved in road accident to the total number of vehicles for each year. Results of the analysis showed that the proportion of vehicles involved in road accidents decreased from 16 in 1996 to 0.89 in 2006, the injured persons reduced from 15.58 in 1998 to 0.3 in 2006 and the death rate diminished from 4.45 in 1998 to 0.1 in 2006. These represented 94.4 %, 95 % and 95 % improvement respectively on road traffic safety. It can therefore be concluded that the inclusions of ASS into design of modern vehicles had improved road safety in Nigeria automotive industry.

Climate change effects on annual streamflow of Filyos River (Turkey)

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 420-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adem Yavuz Sönmez ◽  
Semih Kale
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Change Point ◽  
Change Point Analysis ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Climatic Parameters ◽  
Annual Streamflow ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Point Analysis

Abstract The main purpose of this study was to estimate possible climate change effects on the annual streamflow of Filyos River (Turkey). Data for annual streamflow and climatic parameters were obtained from streamflow gauging stations on the river and Bartın, Karabük, Zonguldak meteorological observation stations. Time series analysis was performed on 46 years of annual streamflow data and 57 years of annual mean climatic data from three monitoring stations to understand the trends. Pettitt change-point analysis was applied to determine the change time and trend analysis was performed to forecast trends. To reveal the relationship between climatic parameters and streamflow, correlation tests, namely, Spearman's rho and Kendall's tau were applied. The results of Pettitt change-point analysis pointed to 2000 as the change year for streamflow. Change years for temperature and precipitation were detected as 1997 and 2000, respectively. Trend analysis results indicated decreasing trends in the streamflow and precipitation, and increasing trend in temperature. These changes were found statistically significant for streamflow (p < 0.05) and temperature (p < 0.01). Also, a statistically significant (p < 0.05) correlation was found between streamflow and precipitation. In conclusion, decreasing precipitation and increasing temperature as a result of climate change initiated a decrease in the river streamflow.

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