scholarly journals GENETIC BASIS OF ALGEBRAIC BIOLOGY, GESTALT GENETICS AND TETRA-EIDOSES BY Yu. I. KULAKOV

Metaphysics ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 65-83
Author(s):  
S. V Petoukhov
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Nucleotide Sequences ◽  
Gestalt Psychology ◽  
Binary Nature ◽  
Algebraic Biology ◽  
Genetic Structures

The article is devoted to the universal algebraic rules of nucleotide sequences in the DNA of genomes of higher and lower organisms. The patterns identified by the author are related to the known binary nature of genetic structures and are expressed in genomic gestalt phenomena, which are similar to genetically inherited phenomena of gestalt psychology. This allows the author to develop the ideas of gestalt genetics and algebraic biology. Many genetic phenomena of tetrastructurization evoke associations with Kulakov’s concept of tetra-eidoses.

scholarly journals nec1, a Gene Conferring a Necrogenic Phenotype, Is Conserved in Plant-Pathogenic Streptomyces spp. and Linked to a Transposase Pseudogene

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 960-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghida A. Bukhalid ◽  
Soo Young Chung ◽  
Rosemary Loria
Keyword(s):  
Restriction Fragment ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Nucleotide Sequences ◽  
Pathogenic Species ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Biosynthetic Genes ◽  
Oligonucleotide Primers ◽  
Thaxtomin A ◽  
Streptomyces Spp ◽  
Plant Pathogenicity

We are investigating the genetic basis for, and evolution of, plant pathogenicity in Streptomyces spp. The plant-pathogenic species S. scabies, S. acidiscabies, and S. turgidiscabies cause the scab disease of potato and produce the phytotoxins, thaxtomins. Forty-three Streptomyces strains representing the three species were evaluated; all thaxtomin A-producing Streptomyces strains were pathogenic on potato tubers and all but one hybridized to nec1 and ORFtnp, two genes previously cloned from S. scabies ATCC 41973. nec1 confers a pathogenic phenotype on S. lividans TK24, a nonpathogen, and ORFtnp is a transposase pseudogene located 5′ to nec1. The eight nonpathogenic strains tested neither produced thaxtomin A nor hybridized to nec1. ORFtnp and nec1 occurred on a single PvuII restriction fragment in all thaxtomin A-producing Streptomyces strains. The nucleotide sequences of the homologs of nec1 and ORFtnp from two pathogenic strains each of S. scabies, S. acidiscabies, and S. turgidiscabies were identical; oligonucleotide primers specific to this gene amplified homologs from all strains that hybridized to nec1. We propose that nec1 and ORFtnp have been horizontally mobilized from S. scabies to S. acidiscabies and S. turgidiscabies, and that nec1 is involved in pathogenicity and physically linked to the thaxtomin A biosynthetic genes.

scholarly journals Genetic Basis for Variation of Metalloproteinase-Associated Biochemical Activity in Venom of the Mojave Rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus)

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben K. Dagda ◽  
Sardar Gasanov ◽  
Ysidro De La OIII ◽  
Eppie D. Rael ◽  
Carl S. Lieb
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Nucleotide Sequences ◽  
Rattlesnake Venom ◽  
A Subunit ◽  
Southwest Region ◽  
Biochemical Profiles ◽  
Mojave Toxin ◽  
Geographical Locations

The metalloproteinase composition and biochemical profiles of rattlesnake venom can be highly variable among rattlesnakes of the same species. We have previously shown that the neurotoxic properties of the Mojave rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus) are associated with the presence of the Mojave toxin A subunit suggesting the existence of a genetic basis for rattlesnake venom composition. In this report, we hypothesized the existence of a genetic basis for intraspecies variation in metalloproteinase-associated biochemical properties of rattlesnake venom of the Mojave rattlesnake. To address this question, we PCR-amplified and compared the genomic DNA nucleotide sequences that code for the mature metalloproteinase domain of fourteen Mojave rattlesnakes captured from different geographical locations across the southwest region of the United States. In addition, the venoms from the same rattlesnakes were tested for their ability to hydrolyze fibrinogen, fibrin, casein, and hide powder azure and for induction of hemorrhage in mice. Overall, based on genomic sequencing and biochemical data, we classified Mojave rattlesnake venom into four distinct groups of metalloproteinases. These findings indicate that differences in nucleotide sequences encoding the mature proteinase domain and noncoding regions contribute to differences in venom metalloproteinase activities among rattlesnakes of the same species.

scholarly journals Genomics of coloration in natural animal populations

2017 ◽  
Vol 372 (1724) ◽  
pp. 20160337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis M. San-Jose ◽  
Alexandre Roulin
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Model Species ◽  
Animal Coloration ◽  
Sequencing Technologies ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
General Relevance ◽  
Genetic Structures

Animal coloration has traditionally been the target of genetic and evolutionary studies. However, until very recently, the study of the genetic basis of animal coloration has been mainly restricted to model species, whereas research on non-model species has been either neglected or mainly based on candidate approaches, and thereby limited by the knowledge obtained in model species. Recent high-throughput sequencing technologies allow us to overcome previous limitations, and open new avenues to study the genetic basis of animal coloration in a broader number of species and colour traits, and to address the general relevance of different genetic structures and their implications for the evolution of colour. In this review, we highlight aspects where genome-wide studies could be of major utility to fill in the gaps in our understanding of the biology and evolution of animal coloration. The new genomic approaches have been promptly adopted to study animal coloration although substantial work is still needed to consider a larger range of species and colour traits, such as those exhibiting continuous variation or based on reflective structures. We argue that a robust advancement in the study of animal coloration will also require large efforts to validate the functional role of the genes and variants discovered using genome-wide tools. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Animal coloration: production, perception, function and application’.

The two faces of gestalt psychology.

1986 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 820-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf Arnheim
Keyword(s):  
Gestalt Psychology

Review of The Task of Gestalt Psychology.

1970 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 314, 317
Author(s):  
MICHAEL WERTHEIMER
Keyword(s):  
Gestalt Psychology

Review of A Source Book of Gestalt Psychology.

1968 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 411-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Wertheimer
Keyword(s):  
Gestalt Psychology ◽  
Source Book

Molecular Basis and Clinical Aspects of Hereditary Megakaryocyte and Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein Disorders

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 114-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Scharf
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Platelet Membrane ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Membrane Glycoprotein ◽  
Membrane Glycoproteins ◽  
Membrane Expression ◽  
Receptor Complexes ◽  
Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein

SummarySpecific membrane glycoproteins (GP) expressed by the megakaryocyte-platelet system, including GPIa-lla, GPIb-V-IX, GPIIb-llla, and GPIV are involved in mediat-ing platelet adhesion to the subendothelial matrix. Among these glycoproteins, GPIIb-llla plays a pivotal role since platelet aggregation is exclusively mediated by this receptor and its interaction with soluble macromolecular proteins. Inherited defects of the GPIIb-llla or GPIb-V-IX receptor complexes are associated with bleeding disorders, known as Glanzmann's thrombasthenia, Bernard-Soulier syndrome, or platelet-type von Willebrand's disease, respectively. Using immuno-chemical and molecular biology techniques, rapid advances in our understanding of the molecular genetic basis of these disorders have been made during the last few years. Moreover, analyses of patients with congenital platelet membrane glycoprotein abnormalities have provided valuable insights into molecular mechanisms that are required for structural and functional integrity, normal biosynthesis of the glycoprotein complexes and coordinated membrane expression of their constituents. The present article reviews the current state of knowledge of the major membrane glycoproteins in health and disease. The spectrum of clinical bleeding manifestations and established diagnostic criteria for each of these dis-orders are summarized. In particular, the variety of molecular defects that have been identified so far and their genetic basis will be discussed.

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