Legal aspects of environmental safety in the field of medical waste management in the context of the pandemic

Medical waste management has always been relevant from a practical point of view, but as a result of the pandemic declared in 2020, this topic has multiplied, leading to significant changes in the legal regulation of medical waste. The realization that re-contamination from medical covid-waste is possible led to the obligation to install disinfectants in medical and pharmacological organizations. The division of medical waste into classes predetermined the assignment of medical covid-waste to class B, and after disinfection - to A-class, that are possible to transport and dispose after disinfection. However, there is a huge amount of covid-waste outside medical and pharmacological organizations, which is, clearly, are not medical. When mixed with solid household waste and garbage that does not require a transport licence, it increases the likelihood of re-infection of those who handle such waste. The object of the work is to explore these topics and to raise the issue of separation of the accumulation and disposal of non-medical covid-waste in legal regulation, as well as the ways to implement them. Related to this is the issue of environmental pollution in the context of the pandemic, because non-medical covid-waste has increased the amount of plastic that pollutes the environment.

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Medical Waste Management in Al-Basheer State Hospital - Current Situation and Future Prospects

Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports ◽

10.2478/ceer-2019-0016 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 50-59

Author(s):

Omar Qteishat

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

North Africa ◽

Medical Tourism ◽

Medical Waste ◽

Household Waste ◽

Future Prospects ◽

Medical Centers ◽

Medical Waste Management ◽

Lower Temperature ◽

High Level

Abstract In the Middle East and North Africa Jordan is considered as the top medical tourism due to the high level of medical specialized medical centers in the country. In Jordan Ministry of Health monitors, evaluate, enforces, and regulates requirements of medical waste management over medical waste instructions No. 1/2001. Al-Bashir Hospital is the largest hospital in Jordan. It is built on 156 acres and consists of 49 buildings and 80 departments. It has been reported that Al-Bashir Hospital has 1150 medical bed in 2019 and expected to increase to 1500. About 3200 employee and 1100 clean workers give the medical treatment and service for 7000 patient per day and 1.5 million patient per year. The present situation of medical waste management in Al-Bashir Hospital has many problems. The most important is the pressure imposed by heavy population around the incineration unit in the Hospital. Furthermore, the change from incineration to autoclave is faced by high cost of the autoclaves. The quantity of medical waste created by Al-Bashir Hospital is up to 703.8 ton which constitutes about 33% of the total medical waste in Jordan. The high cost of fuel resulted in wrong acts in Al-Bashir Hospital like mixing medical waste with household waste and incineration at lower temperature (about 600 °C). If the incineration unit in Al-Bashir Hospital is closed the expenses will range from US$ 400,000 to 2.5 million.

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The use of Geographic Information Systems Technologies for creation of regional medical waste management systems

Hygiene and Sanitation ◽

10.47470/0016-9900-2021-100-11-1209-1217 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 100 (11) ◽

pp. 1209-1217

Author(s):

Olga V. Mironenko ◽

Andrey Yu. Lomtev ◽

Ekaterina A. Fedorova ◽

Lidiya A. Soprun ◽

Nina M. Frolova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Optimal Transport ◽

Functional Model ◽

Statistical Processing ◽

Medical Waste ◽

Gis Technology ◽

Gis Technologies ◽

Krasnoyarsk Region ◽

Class B ◽

Medical Waste Management

Introduction. The annual growth of medical waste due necessitates a comprehensive approach to solving the issue of medical waste management. It is necessary to develop unified methodical strategies for the complex solution. The objective of the study. To substantiate the hygienic efficiency of the thermal decontamination of class B and C medical waste based on geo-informational system (GIS) technologies in the Krasnoyarsk region for five consecutive years. Materials and methods. Medical institutions (MI) of the Krasnoyarsk region’s three macro districts were studied as class B and C waste sources. At the first stage, the composition of wastes by classes and their volumes were determined, and local technologies of thermal deactivation available in medical organizations were identified. The received information was subjected to statistical processing, stratified on electronic maps to apply GIS technologies further. Results. Based on statistical processing of data on medical class B and C waste generation in separate MO, the analysis of operating technologies capacity in 2014-2015 based on GIS-technology of spatial analysis, construction of optimal transport ways of waste delivery, area mapping in the three districts in the Krasnoyarsk region have been substantiated proposals to optimize medical waste management for five years. Conclusion. To have an environmentally and epidemiologically safe system of handling class B and C waste in the region, it is necessary to create a comprehensive functional model based on GIS technology, taking into account the optimal combination of decentralized and centralized systems, regional features of the transport network, and the prospects of health care system development.

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On the Development of the Mechanism for Regulating Medical Waste

Legal Concept ◽

10.15688/lc.jvolsu.2021.3.28 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 193-199

Author(s):

Dmitriy Motorin ◽

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

System Analysis ◽

Legal Regulation ◽

Medical Waste ◽

Production And Consumption ◽

Scope Of Application ◽

Legislative Initiative ◽

Medical Waste Management ◽

The Moment ◽

Centralized System

Introduction: at the moment, medical waste is removed from the scope of application of the legislation on production and consumption waste. With its regulatory mechanism, the medical waste management system in practice demonstrates a clear lack of controls over the movement of waste streams. In this regard, the author aims to study the reasons and conditions for the separation of medical waste as an object of law, as well as to determine possible ways to develop legal regulation in medical waste management. Within the framework of the research, the author uses a set of methods of cognition, among which the methods of system analysis, historicism, and the comparative law method prevail. Results: as part of the study, it is found that the attempt to create a more rigid, compared to the ordinary one, system for regulating medical waste, led to a lack of legal institutions in the mechanism of the system. The author considers the scientific concepts of the development of the medical waste sphere, as well as the legislative initiative for its modernization. According to the results of the study, the author concludes that most scientific positions are reduced to the need to bring the regime of medical waste closer to the waste of production and consumption, which, in the author’s opinion, does not take into account the reasons for the isolation of the system and the specifics of the activities of medical and pharmaceutical organizations. Against this background, the initiative to create a centralized system for the management of medical waste, which, however, also needs to be improved, seems more successful. As a result, the author put forward some proposals for amendments to the bill.

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RESULTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING IN 6 PROVINCIAL HOSPITALS HIGHLAND AREA 2011-2013

Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy ◽

10.34071/jmp.2016.1.13 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 101-108

Author(s):

Duy Tao Tran ◽

Trong Si Hoang

Keyword(s):

Waste Water ◽

Radioactive Waste ◽

Waste Management ◽

Environmental Monitoring ◽

Monitoring And Evaluation ◽

Medical Waste ◽

Contamination Rate ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical Waste Management ◽

Central Highlands

Objective: Monitoring and evaluation of air environmental quality, waste water and medical waste management activities in some hospitals in the Central Highlands. Research Methodology: Cross-sectional descriptive survey was deployed in 6 provincial hospitals of the Central Highlands in 7th- 8th months every year for 3 years, 2011, 2012, 2013. Observing the process of waste management in hospitals, weighing the medical solid waste generated daily, sampling and environmental monitoring of air, water waste samples after treatment of hospitals. Findings: The percentage of substandard sample of radioactive 2011 was 5.88%, in 2012 was 5%, 2013 was 0.02%. Mainly in dose laboratories, rinse the nuclear medicine department, hatch covers radioactive waste storage. 100% of the air sample of wastewater treatment areas have NO2 target and 60% of SO2 target sample have not reached allowed regulations. The atmosphere at the garbage area hospitals in Kon Tum and Lam Dong provinces through 2 years of monitoring in 2012, 2013 exceeded SO2 target standards. Monitoring results incinerator emissions sample at 3 hospitals: Kontum, Gia Lai, Dak Nong in 3 years reached Regulations allow. The observation sample treated waste water of the hospital in 2013 with low contamination rate than in 2011 and 2012 in terms of physics and chemistry. Particularly criteria Total coliforms 3 years are from 40-50% of samples exceeded standards. Regarding waste management, the results of monitoring in 2013 showed that 60% of faculties have sharps instruments and 20% of the faculties have satisfactory utensils anatomical waste. 59.48% of the faculties have the guidelines for waste separation. Condition misclassified not many and occur in two hospitals Gia Lai, Dak Lak. Only Lam Dong hospitals have waste transportation vehicles secured closed during transport. The amount of waste / beds / 24 hours is 1.097kg. In particular infectious waste is 0.26kg. Only two hospitals in Daklak, Lam Dong has generated radioactive waste with a total of 0.9 kg/day. Key words: Medical waste, medical waste management.

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A Review of Medical Waste Management in South Africa

Open Environmental Sciences ◽

10.2174/1876325101810010034 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 34-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Olaniyi FC ◽

Ogola JS ◽

Tshitangano TG

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Waste Management ◽

South African ◽

Management Practice ◽

National Policy ◽

Medical Waste ◽

African Government ◽

The Past ◽

Government Documents ◽

Medical Waste Management

Background:Poor medical waste management has been implicated in an increase in the number of epidemics and waste-related diseases in the past years. South Africa is resource-constrained in the management of medical waste.Objectives:A review of studies regarding medical waste management in South Africa in the past decade was undertaken to explore the practices of medical waste management and the challenges being faced by stakeholders.Method:Published articles, South African government documents, reports of hospital surveys, unpublished theses and dissertations were consulted, analysed and synthesised. The studies employed quantitative, qualitative and mixed research methods and documented comparable results from all provinces.Results:The absence of a national policy to guide the medical waste management practice in the provinces was identified as the principal problem. Poor practices were reported across the country from the point of medical waste generation to disposal, as well as non-enforcement of guidelines in the provinces where they exit. The authorized disposal sites nationally are currently unable to cope with the enormous amount of the medical waste being generated and illegal dumping of the waste in unapproved sites have been reported. The challenges range from lack of adequate facilities for temporary storage of waste to final disposal.Conclusion:These challenges must be addressed and the practices corrected to forestall the adverse effects of poorly managed medical waste on the country. There is a need to develop a medical waste policy to assist in the management of such waste.

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