scholarly journals Simulasi Alat Photoplethysmograph (PPG)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indra Jaya ◽  
Wisma Wisma
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Output Signal ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
The Body ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Serial Interface ◽  
Transmission Distance ◽  
Red Led ◽  
Graph Viewer

Heart is a vital organ in the human body. The heart functions circulated the blood throughout the body. The volume of blood in a body organ will vary due to blood pumping by the heart. Photoplethysmograph (PPG) is a device that can detect changes in blood volume using optical sensors. The purpose of this research is to make Photoplethysmograph monitoring system online. That is a device to monitor blood volume changes and display the change graph. Fluctuations in blood volume changes are influenced by the rhythm of blood pumping by the heart. Each peak on the PPG signal is correlated with one heartbeat. Photoplethysmograph charts can be used to determine the condition and abnormalities of a person's heart. Photoplethysmograph system online is realized in the form of sensors, amplifiers, LPF, ADC, and microcontroller as a serial interface, wiz610wi module, and web applications as online PPG graph viewer. Sensors composed of red LED and photoresistor (LDR) are placed on the fingers. The rays emitted by the LEDs are received by the LDR. The signals received by the LDR vary according to the volume of blood changes. The sensor output signal is then amplified and filtered. Incoming filter output signal ADC, serial interface by AT89C2051 then by wiz610wi module transmitted for display and monitored. Obtained Devices and apps created have worked well. The signal shown is pretty good, clean of noise. Transmission distance measured up to 70 m with delay less than 200 ms. The average heart rate calculation was in error 3%

scholarly journals Artifact Elimination in Impedance Cardiography using Gradient based Adaptive Signal Enhancement Techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 598-606
Keyword(s):  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Impedance Cardiography ◽  
Signal Enhancement ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Segment ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
The Real ◽  
Adaptive Techniques ◽  
Adaptive Signal

Impedance Cardiography (ICG) is a noninvasive method for indirect measurement of stroke volume, monitoring the cardiac output and observing the other hemodynamic parameters by the blood volume changes in the body. The blood volume changes inside a certain body segment due to a number of physiological processes are extracted in the form of the impedance variations of the body segment. The ICG analysis provides the heart stroke volume in sudden cardiac arrest. In the clinical environment desired ICG signals are influenced by several physiological and non-physiological artifacts.As these artifacts are not stationary in nature, we proposed adaptive filtering techniques to eliminate the artifacts. In this paper we used Least Mean Square (LMS), Least Mean Fourth (LMF), Median LMS (MLMS), Leaky LMS (LLMS), and Dead Zone (DZLMS) adaptive techniques to eliminate artifacts from the desired signals. Several adaptive signal enhancement units (ASEUs) are developed based on these adaptive techniques, and evaluated on the real ICG signal components. The ability of these algorithms is evaluated by performing the experiments to eliminate the various artifacts such as sinusoidal artifacts (SA), respiration artifacts (RA), muscle artifacts (MA) and electrode artifacts (EA). Among these techniques, the DZLMS based ASEU performs better in the filtering process. The signal to noise ratio improvement (SNRI) for this algorithm is calculated as 11.9140 dB, 7.3657 dB, 10.4060 dB and 10.5125 dB respectively for SA, RA, MA and EA. Hence, the DZLMS based ASEUs are well suitable for ICG filtering in the real time health care monitoring systems.

Early MRI blood volume changes in constrictor muscles correlate with post-radiation dysphagia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle L. Mierzwa ◽  
Laila A. Gharzai ◽  
Pin Li ◽  
Joel R. Wilkie ◽  
Peter G. Hawkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Post Radiation

An Electronic Method of Detecting Blood Volume Changes

1965 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rex J. Underwood ◽  
David Gowing
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Electronic Method

scholarly journals Cerebral blood volume changes during the BOLD post-stimulus undershoot measured with a combined normoxia/hyperoxia method

NeuroImage ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 154-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eulanca Y. Liu ◽  
Frank Haist ◽  
David J. Dubowitz ◽  
Richard B. Buxton
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Cerebral Blood Volume ◽  
Volume Changes

MEASUREMENT OF FETAL HEMOGLOBIN IN NEWBORN INFANTS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-278
Author(s):  
Charles D. Cook ◽  
Hugh R. Brodie ◽  
David W. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Fetal Hemoglobin ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Hemoglobin ◽  
Intrauterine Hypoxia ◽  
Total Concentrations ◽  
Erythropoietic Response

A relation between per cent of the hemoglobin that is of the fetal type at birth and gestational age has been demonstrated. Data are presented which show that, after 34 weeks gestation, the per cent fetal hemoglobin drops approximately 3 to 4% per week prenatally. This is similar to the postnatal weekly decrease reported by other authors. Intrauterine hypoxia, particularly of the sort associated with postmaturity, was not found to be associated with an increase in per cent fetal hemoglobin and probably not associated with an increase in total hemoglobin in the body. On the basis of reticulocyte counts and clinical examination and in the absence of studies of blood volume, it is suggested that the increased total concentrations of hemoglobin observed in the postmature infant with prenatal hypoxia are possibly the result of hemoconcentration rather than erythropoietic response to lack of oxygen.

Changes in intestinal volume with hemorrhage

1960 ◽  
Vol 199 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul C. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Local Pressure ◽  
Local Reduction ◽  
Pressure Changes ◽  
Sympathetic Discharge ◽  
Intestinal Weight

The purpose of these experiments was to study the changes in intestinal volume occurring with hemorrhage, utilizing a gravimetric technique which permitted a study of small segments of the intestine. It had been observed previously that intestinal weight often increased in the upper small intestine during hemorrhage, while in the lower small intestine it usually decreased. In studying the latter effect it was found that sympathetic nerve activity and reduction of venous pressure were both important in decreasing intestinal volume. Changes in tonus and local reduction in arterial pressure did not appear to be important. The increase in volume with hemorrhage appeared due to epinephrine discharge from the adrenal medulla since it was eliminated by adrenalectomy. Local pressure changes and alteration of tonus were eliminated as causal factors. It appears that systemic hypotension induces sympathetic discharge which in turn may cause either an increase or a decrease in intestinal blood volume. Sympathetic discharge over the vasoconstrictor fibers reduces blood volume while adrenal medullary secretion increases it. The observed response is apparently a resultant of these two antagonistic effects.

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