scholarly journals Civilsamfund eller social kapital?

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 61-75
Author(s):  
Lars Hulgård
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Institutional Critique ◽  
Institutional Perspective ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Status ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Public Sphere

Lars Hulgård: Civil Society or Social Capital? An institutional critique of theories of civil society inspired by Habermas and Putnam. There have been two main approaches to theory about the relations between civil society and democracy and the welfare state. One is the approach by Habermas that emphasizes the role of the public sphere as mediator between civil society and representative democracy. The other is an approach inspired by Putnam that emphasizes the importance of social capital. Putnam focuses on how civil involvement and voluntary associations raise the effectiveness of institutions in modern society. Both approaches have met with considerable criticism from different points of view. However the article argues that a similar criticism can be made of both approaches although they seem so different. It argues that the crucial challenge is to include an institutional perspective in whichever perspective one employs in the study the status of civil society as a democratic or welfare impulse in modern society. The article reviews the various criticisms of the two approaches and shows how an institutional perspective can be employed to both approaches.

Relocating Civil Society: Theories and Practices of Civil Society between Late Medieval and Modern Society

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarten F. Van Dijck ◽  
Bert De Munck ◽  
Nicholas Terpstra
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Political Culture ◽  
Voluntary Associations ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Associational Life ◽  
The Public ◽  
Civic Virtues ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The Church

Civil society is widely considered as a crucial element in contemporary society. Academics and policy makers have traditionally associated it with voluntary associations and organizations, assuming that associational life is an ideal intermediary between citizens and government. While members of associations form large social networks, which they can mobilize at critical moments, the conviviality of group sociability fosters the development of a set of common values, such as a democratic political culture and other civic virtues. Its origins are generally situated in the eighteenth century, and are mostly attributed to secularization, Enlightenment thinking, the birth of the “public sphere,” and growing emancipation from oppressive structures such as the church and the state.

Romance, Irony, and Solidarity

1997 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald N. Jacobs ◽  
Philip Smith
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Cultures ◽  
Procedural Reform ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Narrative Forms

Contemporary social theory has turned increasingly to concepts such as civil society, community, and the public sphere in order to theorize about the construction of vital, democratic and solidaristic political cultures. The dominant prescriptions for attaining this end invoke the need for institutional and procedural reform, but overlook the autonomous role of culture in shaping and defining the forms of social solidarity. This article proposes a model of solidarity based on the two genres of Romance and Irony, and argues that these narrative forms offer useful vocabularies for organizing public discourse within and between civil society and its constituent communities. Whilst unable to sustain fully-inclusive and solidaristic political cultures on their own, in combination the genres of Romance and Irony allow for solidaristic forms built around tolerance, reflexivity, and intersubjectivity.

scholarly journals The private sector in knowledge brokering for international development: what the experts say

2020 ◽  
pp. 026666692097759
Author(s):  
Sarah Cummings ◽  
Suzanne Kiwanuka ◽  
Barbara Regeer
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
International Development ◽  
Knowledge Brokering ◽  
The Public ◽  
Academic Knowledge ◽  
International Experts

This article contributes to the emerging body of knowledge on the role of the private sector in knowledge brokering in international development because very little is known about the role of the private sector. It attempts to validate the findings of the only literature review to date (Kiwanuka et al, In Press) on the subject and other literature on knowledge brokering by consulting international experts in the field of knowledge brokering, identifying policy and research implications. The conceptual lens employed is the ‘extended’ Glegg and Hoens’ (2016) meta-framework of knowledge brokering, in combination with the cognitive, relational and structural aspects of social capital (Nahapiet and Ghoshal 1998). An online questionnaire survey was distributed to international experts in both the private, public and civil society sectors with some 203 respondents. The questions were developed on the basis of the literature. Respondents from the private sector and their colleagues from the public sector and civil society placed considerable emphasis on opportunities to meet, the existence of personal relationships and brokering by third parties as catalysts to working with the private sector. In addition to developing recommendations for policymakers, the paper has added to the emerging body of academic knowledge on the private sector as an unusual suspect in knowledge brokering and provides a conceptual framework linking social capital to knowledge brokering roles. Policymakers and funders can facilitate cooperation between the private sector and other development actors by creating physical spaces and funding instruments to encourage collaboration with the private sector. One of the novel findings is that the public sector needs to be better prepared to collaborate with the private sector.

scholarly journals THE MOVEMENT OF HISTORICALLY INFORMED PERFORMANCE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CULTURE OF THE XX–XXI CENTURY

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-71
Author(s):  
M-M. Ljubiva
Keyword(s):  
Modern Society ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Traditional Art ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
The Public ◽  
Baroque Music ◽  
The Status ◽  
Historical Authenticity ◽  
Cultural Types

The hermeneutical method is the basis for performing interpretation, because the author's musical text is the initial condition for its implementation. Over the last century, new musical forms and performing practices have emerged, where there is a synthesis of the heritage of many stylistic eras. Modern trends in performance art can be divided into three global independent areas – actualization, authenticity and avant- garde. The orientation in modern performance is directed both at the historical authenticity of the performance and at the questions of the subjective potency of musical creativity. There is an affirmation of a new paradigm, which consists in increasing the role of the intellectual principle, in striving to study a musical work in the context of the epoch that created it, in clearing the traditions of performance from later layers. Due to the growing interest of musicians in Renaissance and Baroque music, the number of soloists and groups performing Western European works written before the middle of the XVIII century is increasing. Over the course of the century, there has been a change in the status of authentic performance from individual to universal and social, because it not only organizes the experience of the community of musicians, but also forms the consciousness of a whole generation of culture. Due to the fact that a person is aware of the loss of the integrity, traditional art forms undergo transformations and destruction, which caused the need to appeal to the Baroque culture. The reception of the Baroque culture promotes the restoration of cultural identity, warns against multicultural fragmentation, and creates conditions for establishing links between cultural eras. The Baroque aesthetic is becoming one of the defining markers of popular culture. Attempts to adequately reproduce musical impressions of past eras among performers and interest in them among the public is a significant characteristic of modern society. A comprehensive study of authentism as a direction allows us to understand the context and functions of music for the cultural types of that time.

Conceptualizing E-Participation in the Public Sphere

2011 ◽  
pp. 141-155
Author(s):  
Jenny Backhouse
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Participatory Democracy ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The Public ◽  
Meaningful Participation ◽  
Social Communications ◽  
The Public Sphere

This chapter reviews the current understanding of the role of e-participation in democratic processes, in particular emphasizing the deliberative aspects of participatory democracy and the factors that impinge on successful participation initiatives. It considers what lessons can be learnt, if any, from related aspects of e-government and from e-business, in order to refine the concept of e-participation. The chapter concludes that e-participation has a role to play in a modern society where the Internet is increasingly the medium of choice for social communications. However, e-participation projects need to be appropriately developed so that they truly engage the citizenry and encourage meaningful participation in deliberative facets of democracy.

Engendering or Endangering Democracy? The Internet, Civil Society and the Public Sphere

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaheer Baber
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
Social Control ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The Public ◽  
General Consensus ◽  
Marginal Groups ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The Way

In recent discussions, the role of the Internet in facilitating democratization has been either exaggerated or underestimated. The general consensus seems to be that that the Internet will eventually go the way of other technologies of communication such as the radio and television that failed to live up to their expected role of agents of democratization. Rather than empower marginal groups and constituencies, the Internet could even contribute to more subtle and omnipotent forms of social control through surveillance. This paper examines these positions by focusing on the Singapore case. The possibilities for the expansion of civil society and the emergence of a robust public sphere as a consequence of the wiring up of the country are examined. The key argument of the paper is that although the Internet does indeed contribute to enhanced surveillance capabilities, its potential for circumventing existing forms of regulation and expanding the limited public sphere in Singapore is also very real.

scholarly journals WAJAH GANDA AGAMA: INTEGRASI, KONFLIK DAN REKONSILIASI

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tedi Kholiludin
Keyword(s):  
Modern Society ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Individual Consciousness ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The One ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Religious Understanding

AbstrakAsumsi sekularisme bahwa peran agama akan meredup pasca Pencerahan, nyata tidak terbukti. Dugaan akan tergerusnya agama di ruang publik, tak terwujud. Meski ada sekularisasi di masyarakat, tapi proses itu tidak berimbas pada kesadaran individu. Agama masih menjadi modal sosial dan memberikan pengaruh terhadap pergumulan masyarakat modern. Dalam bentuknya yang paling militan hingga yang halus kita merasakan bagaimana pengaruh dari Konfusianisme dan Taoisme di Cina dan Taiwan, Kristen Kharismatik serta Pentakostalisme di Afrika Selatan dan India, Kristen Ortodoks di Rusia, Islam di Indonesia serta spirit kapitalisme di Eropa Timur. Agama disini, menjadi sebentuk the hidden form of capital atau modal yang tersembunyi. Di lain wajah, sentimen agama, juga tak jarang menimbulkan banyak pertikaian. Konflik antar umat beragama semakin banyak kita temukan. Inilah era dimana counter terhadap sekularisasi justru semakin menguat.  Agama selalu menghadirkan wajah ganda yang ambivalen, menjadi perekat dan sumber integrasi di satu sisi, tapi juga menjadi pemisah dan sumber konfilik di sisi lain. Bagaimana masyarakat yang tidak saling mengenal satu dengan lain, berasal dari berbagai belahan dunia bisa terbangun sentimennya karena agama. Juga sebaliknya, bagaimana ikatan-ikatan persaudaraan menjadi pudar karena berbeda agama atau pemahaman keagamaan.Kata kunci: Agama, Integrasi, Konflik dan Rekonsiliasi AbstractThe assumption of secularism that the role of religion will diminish after the Enlightenment is not proven. Allegations of religious erosion in the public sphere are unfulfilled. Although there is secularization in society, but the process does not affect individual consciousness. Religion is still a social capital and gives effect to the struggle of modern society. In its most militant to subtle form we feel the influence of Confucianism and Taoism in China and Taiwan, Christian Charismatics and Pentecostalism in South Africa and India, Orthodox Christianity in Russia, Islam in Indonesia and the spirit of capitalism in Eastern Europe. Here, Religion is being a form of hidden form of capital or hidden capital. On the other face, religious sentiments, also not infrequently cause a lot of disputes. Conflict among religious people more and more we find. This is an era where the counter to secularization is actually getting stronger. Religion always presents an ambivalent double face, a glue and source of integration on the one hand, but also a separator and a source of confidence on the other. How people who do not know each other, coming from different parts of the world can be awakened by religious sentiment. On the contrary, how fraternal bonds fade due to different religions or religious understanding. Keyword: Religion, Integration, Conflict and Reconciliation                

The roles of civil society in the development of standards around new weapons and other technologies of warfare

2012 ◽  
Vol 94 (886) ◽  
pp. 765-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Rappert ◽  
Richard Moyes ◽  
Anna Crowe ◽  
Thomas Nash
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Standard Setting ◽  
The Public ◽  
Additional Protocol ◽  
Geneva Conventions ◽  
Legal Obligations ◽  
The Public Sphere

AbstractThis article considers the role of civil society in the development of new standards around weapons. The broad but informal roles that civil society has undertaken are contrasted with the relatively narrow review mechanisms adopted by states in fulfilment of their legal obligations. Such review mechanisms are also considered in the context of wider thinking about processes by which society considers new technologies that may be adopted into the public sphere. The article concludes that formalized review mechanisms, such as those undertaken in terms of Article 36 of Additional Protocol I (1977) of the Geneva Conventions of 1949, should be a focus of civil society attention in their own right as part of efforts to strengthen standard-setting in relation to emerging military technologies.

scholarly journals Middle class in the reproduction of social capital

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (52) ◽  
pp. 276-294
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Yelisieieva
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
The Status ◽  
Common Interests

In the article, the role of the middle class in the reproduction of social capital is investigated. For this aim, the dynamics, structure, values, and economic interests of the middle class in Ukraine and its influence on the formation of social capital are characterized. It has been found that the development of social capital depends on a number of institutional conditions and economic factors, one of which is the size and dynamics of the middle class. Based on different criteria, the number of middle class in Ukraine is defined. The specificity of the middle class formation in Ukraine has been clarified. The relationship between the dynamics of income and the size of the middle class has been identified. The structure of the middle class in Ukraine and its readiness for economic change and social transformation are specified. The common interests of the middle class with other strata are identified, which gives grounds for defining the status of the middle class and its ability to perform a communicative function and a special role in the development of civil society and open social capital. Generally speaking, the middle class is the nucleus of social capital. The factors of accumulation and destruction of social capital in Ukraine are revealed. The negative impact of the increasing inequality in income distribution, the spread of poverty and the increase in the share of the unemployed on the formation of the middle class and, accordingly, social capital, are investigated. There is a correlation between the uneven distribution of income, institutional confidence and the work of social elevators. The role of the middle class in building the bridging and strengthening the bonding social capital is specified. The participation of middle class representatives in the formation of economic inquiries and the development of volunteer communities was clarified. Generally, the role of the middle class in the reproduction of social capital is linked to ensuring the development of civil society and economic democratization.

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