scholarly journals Environmental considerations and the financing of healthcare: Evidence from sixteen European countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisreen Moosa ◽  
Osama Al-Hares ◽  
Vikash Ramiah ◽  
Kashif Saleem
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Capita Health Expenditure ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Mathematical Derivation ◽  
Positive Effect

The results of empirical work on the relation between health expenditure and environmental quality invariably show that environmental degradation has a positive effect on health expenditure, in the sense that more resources are allocated to healthcare to combat the effect of environmental degradation on health. In this paper, the relation between environmental degradation and health expenditure is examined by using data on 16 European countries. The analysis is conducted by using simulation, mathematical derivation and empirical testing using ARDL, FMOLS and non-nested model selection tests. The results reveal that in all cases the relation between per capita health expenditure and CO2 emissions is significantly negative and that in some cases the addition of income per capita as an explanatory variable does not make much difference. Negative correlation between health expenditure and environmental degradation is explained in terms of the environmental Kuznets curve and expenditure on environmental protection.

Introduction to the environmental Kuznets curve special issue

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
EDWARD B. BARBIER
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Economic Change ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curves

This special issue is concerned with environmental Kuznets curves (EKC) - the hypothesis that there is an ‘inverted-U’ relationship between various indicators of environmental degradation and levels of per capita income. Explanations as to why environmental degradation should first increase then decline with income have focused on a number of underlying relationships, including:the effects of structural economic change on the use of the environment for resource inputs and to assimilate waste;the link between the demand for environmental quality and income;types of environmental degradation and ecological processes.

Introduction to the environmental Kuznets curve special issue

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
EDWARD B. BARBIER
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Short Piece ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Environment And Development ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curves ◽  
Widespread Interest

This short piece introduces the special issue on environmental Kuznets curves (EKC) — the hypothesized 'inverted-U' relationship between levels of environmental degradation and per capita income. Although the analysis of EKC relationships has been a relatively recent phenomenon, there is widespread interest on the part of academics in this analysis, and on the part of policymakers in the resulting implications for environment and development. The following introduction outlines the contributions to EKC analysis of the papers comprising the special issue. This is done in two ways: first, the empirical results of the special issue papers are compared with previous analyses of the EKC relationships; and second, the additional insights offered by the special issue papers on EKCs are discussed.

scholarly journals Environmental Kuznets curve and growth source in Iran

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 609-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Asghari
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Relationship

Recent empirical research has examined the relationship between certain indicators of environmental degradation and income, concluding that in some cases an inverted U-shaped relationship, which has been called an environmental Kuznets curve (EKC), exists between these variables. The source of growth explanation is important for two reasons. First, it demonstrates how the pollution consequences of growth depend on the source of growth. Therefore, the analogy drawn by some in the environmental community between the damaging effects of economic development and those of liberalized trade is, at best, incomplete. Second, the source of growth explanation demonstrates that a strong policy response to income gains is not necessary for pollution to fall with growth. The aim of this paper investigates the role of differences source of growth in environmental quality of Iran. The results show the two growth resources in Iran cause, in the early stages, CO2 emission decreases until turning point but beyond this level of income per capita, economic growth leads to environmental degradation. I find a U relationship between environmental degradation (CO2 emission) and economic growth in Iran.

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